Question 1

__________ provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we should behave; __________ are established rules of behavior or standards for conduct.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Mores / values 
B)  ​Folkways / mores 
C)  ​Norms / values 
D)  ​Values / norms 
A)  ​Mores / values 
B)  ​Folkways / mores 
C)  ​Norms / values 
D)  ​Values / norms

Question 2

People of all ages are equally likely to be members of a counterculture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Most societies are guided by a shared set of mutually reinforcing values.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

People may claim to be law-abiding yet still engage in behaviors that are illegal. This behavior is an example of_____________ culture, which refers to the values and standards of behavior that people actually follow.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​ideal 
B)  ​real 
C)  ​material 
D)  ​universal 
A)  ​ideal 
B)  ​real 
C)  ​material 
D)  ​universal

Question 5

The term __________ refers to unlearned, biologically determined impulses common to all members of a species that satisfy needs such as those for sleep, food, water, or sexual gratification.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​instinct 
B)  ​drive 
C)  ​reflex 
D)  ​reaction 
A)  ​instinct 
B)  ​drive 
C)  ​reflex 
D)  ​reaction

Question 6

Most sociologists are in agreement that__________________________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  ​language determines reality. 
B)  ​language influences perception. 
C)  ​there is no relationship between language and perception. 
D)  ​without language perception is not possible. 
A)  ​language determines reality. 
B)  ​language influences perception. 
C)  ​there is no relationship between language and perception. 
D)  ​without language perception is not possible.

Question 7

In some respects, ethnocentrism may be considered of positive value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Humans are so different throughout the world that there is little we can consider common to all human culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Sociologists use the word __________ to refer to what is biologically determined, and _____ for what results from the social environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​natural / artificial 
B)  ​nurturance / natural 
C)  ​nature / nurture 
D)  ​nurture / nature 
A)  ​natural / artificial 
B)  ​nurturance / natural 
C)  ​nature / nurture 
D)  ​nurture / nature

Question 10

Language, family patterns, and bodily adornment are examples of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​material culture 
B)  ​symbolic culture 
C)  ​cultural beliefs 
D)  ​cultural universals 
A)  ​material culture 
B)  ​symbolic culture 
C)  ​cultural beliefs 
D)  ​cultural universals

Question 11

Which of these statements regarding language is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Chimpanzees can use elements of Standard American Sign Language and manipulate physical objects to make "sentences." 
B)  ​With proper training, nonhuman primates may be taught to vocalize simple words. 
C)  ​Most primates manipulate symbols to express very abstract concepts and cultural rules from one generation to the next. 
D)  ​Language is solely a human characteristic. 
A)  ​Chimpanzees can use elements of Standard American Sign Language and manipulate physical objects to make "sentences." 
B)  ​With proper training, nonhuman primates may be taught to vocalize simple words. 
C)  ​Most primates manipulate symbols to express very abstract concepts and cultural rules from one generation to the next. 
D)  ​Language is solely a human characteristic.

Question 12

Distinguish between the concepts of high culture and popular culture, and explain why some argue that this distinction is disappearing. Discuss Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital as it relates to types of culture and social class.

Accepted Answer

High culture and popular culture are two

Question 13

Shaking a fist at someone or giving him "the finger" are examples of gestures.  Gestures are a component of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​cultural universals 
B)  ​material culture 
C)  ​counterculture 
D)  ​nonmaterial culture 
A)  ​cultural universals 
B)  ​material culture 
C)  ​counterculture 
D)  ​nonmaterial culture

Question 14

From the __________ perspectives, people create, maintain, and modify culture as they go about their everyday activities, thereby continually negotiating their social realities.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​symbolic interactionist 
B)  ​conflict 
C)  ​functionalist 
D)  ​postmodern 
A)  ​symbolic interactionist 
B)  ​conflict 
C)  ​functionalist 
D)  ​postmodern

Question 15

Core values of morality and humanitarianism may clash with values of individual achievement and success. Sociologists term this a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​cultural dysfunction 
B)  ​value contradiction 
C)  ​clash of cultures 
D)  ​breakdown of morality 
A)  ​cultural dysfunction 
B)  ​value contradiction 
C)  ​clash of cultures 
D)  ​breakdown of morality

Question 16

A strength of the __________ on culture is its focus on the needs of society and the fact that stability is essential for society's continued survival. A shortcoming is its overemphasis on harmony and cooperation.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​conflict perspective 
B)  ​symbolic interactionist perspective 
C)  ​postmodern perspective 
D)  ​functionalist perspective 
A)  ​conflict perspective 
B)  ​symbolic interactionist perspective 
C)  ​postmodern perspective 
D)  ​functionalist perspective

Question 17

Describe subcultures and countercultures and provide two examples of each.

Accepted Answer

​A subculture is a category of people wh

Question 18

Because cultures tend to be integrated, all parts of any given culture will tend to change at the same pace.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Groups such as the beatniks of the 1950s, the drug enthusiasts of the 1970s, and members of religious cults reject some or many of culture's basic norms and values. These groups are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​contracultures 
B)  ​secondary cultures 
C)  ​countercultures 
D)  ​subcultures 
A)  ​contracultures 
B)  ​secondary cultures 
C)  ​countercultures 
D)  ​subcultures

Question 20

Human culture could not exist without symbols.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we should behave; are established rules of behavior or standards for conduct.

People of all ages are equally likely to be members of a counterculture.

Most societies are guided by a shared set of mutually reinforcing values.

People may claim to be law-abiding yet still engage in behaviors that are illegal. This behavior is an example of_____________ culture, which refers to the values and standards of behavior that people actually follow.

The term __________ refers to unlearned, biologically determined impulses common to all members of a species that satisfy needs such as those for sleep, food, water, or sexual gratification.

Most sociologists are in agreement that__________________________ .

In some respects, ethnocentrism may be considered of positive value.

Humans are so different throughout the world that there is little we can consider common to all human culture.

Sociologists use the word ______ to refer to what is biologically determined, and _ for what results from the social environment.

Language, family patterns, and bodily adornment are examples of __________.

Which of these statements regarding language is true?

Distinguish between the concepts of high culture and popular culture, and explain why some argue that this distinction is disappearing. Discuss Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital as it relates to types of culture and social class.

Shaking a fist at someone or giving him "the finger" are examples of gestures. Gestures are a component of __________.

From the __________ perspectives, people create, maintain, and modify culture as they go about their everyday activities, thereby continually negotiating their social realities.

Core values of morality and humanitarianism may clash with values of individual achievement and success. Sociologists term this a __________.

A strength of the __________ on culture is its focus on the needs of society and the fact that stability is essential for society's continued survival. A shortcoming is its overemphasis on harmony and cooperation.

Describe subcultures and countercultures and provide two examples of each.

Because cultures tend to be integrated, all parts of any given culture will tend to change at the same pace.

Groups such as the beatniks of the 1950s, the drug enthusiasts of the 1970s, and members of religious cults reject some or many of culture's basic norms and values. These groups are called __________.

Human culture could not exist without symbols.

The Sociological Perspective and Research Process

Socialization

Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life

Groups and Organizations

Deviance and Crime

Class and Stratification in the United States

Global Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

Families and Intimate Relationships

Education and Religion

Politics and the Economy in Global Perspective

Health, Health Care, and Disability

Population and Urbanization

Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change

Filters

Exam 2: Culture

__________ provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we should behave; __________ are established rules of behavior or standards for conduct.

People of all ages are equally likely to be members of a counterculture.

Most societies are guided by a shared set of mutually reinforcing values.

People may claim to be law-abiding yet still engage in behaviors that are illegal. This behavior is an example of_____________ culture, which refers to the values and standards of behavior that people actually follow.

The term __________ refers to unlearned, biologically determined impulses common to all members of a species that satisfy needs such as those for sleep, food, water, or sexual gratification.

Most sociologists are in agreement that__________________________ .

In some respects, ethnocentrism may be considered of positive value.

Humans are so different throughout the world that there is little we can consider common to all human culture.

Sociologists use the word __________ to refer to what is biologically determined, and _____ for what results from the social environment.

Language, family patterns, and bodily adornment are examples of __________.

Which of these statements regarding language is true?

Distinguish between the concepts of high culture and popular culture, and explain why some argue that this distinction is disappearing. Discuss Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital as it relates to types of culture and social class.

Shaking a fist at someone or giving him "the finger" are examples of gestures. Gestures are a component of __________.

From the __________ perspectives, people create, maintain, and modify culture as they go about their everyday activities, thereby continually negotiating their social realities.

Core values of morality and humanitarianism may clash with values of individual achievement and success. Sociologists term this a __________.

A strength of the __________ on culture is its focus on the needs of society and the fact that stability is essential for society's continued survival. A shortcoming is its overemphasis on harmony and cooperation.

Describe subcultures and countercultures and provide two examples of each.

Because cultures tend to be integrated, all parts of any given culture will tend to change at the same pace.

Groups such as the beatniks of the 1950s, the drug enthusiasts of the 1970s, and members of religious cults reject some or many of culture's basic norms and values. These groups are called __________.

Human culture could not exist without symbols.

The Sociological Perspective and Research Process

Socialization

Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life

Groups and Organizations

Deviance and Crime

Class and Stratification in the United States

Global Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

Families and Intimate Relationships

Education and Religion

Politics and the Economy in Global Perspective

Health, Health Care, and Disability

Population and Urbanization

Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change

Filters

provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we should behave; are established rules of behavior or standards for conduct.

Sociologists use the word ______ to refer to what is biologically determined, and _ for what results from the social environment.