Exam 1: The Sociological Perspective and Research Process

Some of Marx's critics have argued that he focused too heavily on the impact of _____.

The cultural heritage or identity of a group, based on factors such as language or country of origin, is termed __________.

__________ is the term for the process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in cities rather than in rural areas.

Comte believed that societies are made up of __________ or forces for order and stability, as well as social dynamics or forces for social change.

Jane Addams is best known as ____________________ .

A(n) __________ is a carefully designed situation in which the researcher studies the impact of certain variables on subjects' attitudes or behavior.

American sociology grew along with European sociology during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Tony develops a scale to assess job satisfaction among industrial workers. He is afraid that workers in his study will each interpret the scale items in a different way. Tony's concern is about the __________ of his scale.

A major difference among the theoretical perspectives is the level of analysis. Identify the focus of the three major perspectives (functionalist, conflict, and symbolic interactionist). What are criticisms of each?

Any research question may be answered using any of the various research methods.

__________ is the extent to which a study or research instrument yields consistent results when applied to different individuals at one time or to the same individuals over time.

Applying a functionalist perspective to suicide among teenagers, one would argue that suicide is __________ when it results from feelings of hopelessness and a lack of meaningful choices.

Analyzing the tobacco industry, which theoretical perspective would most likely look at the conflict of interests between tobacco companies and public health interests?

The world's __________ countries are nations with highly industrialized economies; technologically advanced industrial, administrative, and service occupations; and relatively high levels of national and personal income.

Interest in the systematic study of people's behavior and ideas took hold during the nineteenth century primarily in response to __________.

A __________ analysis examines whole societies, large-scale social structures, and social systems.

Which of these is not a change brought on by industrialization and urbanization?

Durkheim used the term __________ for the condition in which social control becomes ineffective as a result of the loss of shared values and a sense of purpose in society.

In regard to negative consequences of industrial society, sociologist Max Weber was more concerned about the impact of rational bureaucracy than of class struggle.

With __________ research, interpretative description (words) rather than statistics (numbers) are used to analyze underlying meanings and patterns of social relationships.