Exam 1: The Sociological Perspective and Research Process

Gayle wants to do a study of domestic abuse but lacks the time and money to gather her own data. Consequently, she analyzes data on this topic that was gathered by the National Opinion Research Center. In this case, Gayle is conducting __________.

Sociologist George Herbert Mead was one of the first scholars to note that a dual?heritage creates conflict for people of color. He called this duality double-consciousness-the identity conflict of being black and American.

Unlike others who believed that values could not be separated from the research process, German social scientist __________ emphasized that sociology should be value free-conducted in a scientific manner to exclude the researcher's personal values and economic interests.

Attempted suicide may be a means of getting attention and sympathy. This view is consistent with the __________ perspective.

In a study of education in the United States, __________ would emphasize the daily activities and the various forms of communication between teachers and students. They would also examine the influence of peer groups and look at the reaction when school rules are broken or followed.

Although he founded functionalism and its emphasis on social order, sociologist Emile Durkheim observed that rapid social change and a more specialized division of labor produced strains leading to a breakdown in traditional organization, values, and authority.

Sociology emerged in Europe during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

When students go away to college they often make lifelong friends and may even find their spouse. According to Robert Merton, this would be a __________ function of education.

Sociology is defined as the __________.

In a study of homelessness in American society, __________ would emphasize the struggle between social classes, especially how the policies of the wealthy protect their interests while pushing certain groups into unemployment and homelessness.

Describe the main points of Karl Marx's theory of class conflict.

Which of these early scientific thinkers first used the phrase "survival of the fittest" to explain his theory of society?

Sociological studies on suicide that have compared rates of suicide with other variables, such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education, are examples of quantitative research.

Durkheim observed that rapid social change and a more specialized division of labor produce strain in society; these strains lead to a breakdown in traditional organization, values, and authority and to a dramatic increase in __________.

Marx argued that when workers are paid less than the value of their labor, this exploitation results in __________, a feeling of powerlessness and estrangement from other people and from oneself.

In the Marxian framework, the __________ comprises those who own and control the means of production.

China, Brazil, and Mexico are considered examples of __________.

According to the __________ perspective, groups in society are engaged in a continuous power struggle for control of scarce resources.

Sociologist Talcott Parsons suggested that the division of household labor between husband and wife is one of the fundamental sources of conflict in industrialized societies.

Explain the various safeguards researchers take to ensure ethical research procedures.