Exam 1: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

 When a neuron is at rest, what is primarily responsible for moving potassium ions into the cell?

 What will most affect the speed of an action potential?

 Why does the brain need thiamine?

 Which type of glia release chemicals that modify the activity of neighboring neurons?

 Using motor and sensory neurons as examples, explain the difference between afferent and efferent.

 Dr. Pautz studies the immune system and has recently become interested in the glial cells that function similar to other cells in the immune system. What cells has Dr. Pautz started exploring?

 The structure that contains a cell's chromosomes is called the ____.

 An axon has many branches, each of which swells at its tip. These are known as ____.

 Ordinarily, stimulation of a neuron takes place ____.

 The net effect of each cycle of the sodium-potassium pump is to ____.

 A drug that blocks the sodium gates of a neuron's membrane will ____.

 Neurons typically have one ____, but many ____.

 When the neuronal membrane is at rest, the potassium channels ____.

 Professor Durrant explained to his students that the resting potential of a neuron is the ______.

 What do neurons have that other cells do not?

 Mr. Doyal has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (which is the result of damaged dopamine signaling). Instead of giving him dopamine, his doctors have given him a derivative of dopamine called L-DOPA to take. Given what you know about substances entering the nervous system, why do you think Mr. Doyal was given L-DOPA instead of dopamine?

 What is the main source of nutrition for vertebrate neurons?

 What occurs when a stimulus shifts the potential inside a neuron from the resting potential to a more negative potential?

 Both ____ and ____ shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1906.

 Glial cells transmit information across long distances.