Question 1

Rogers stated that an effective therapist should be able to see and feel what the client is experiencing,a quality known as

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditional positive regard. 
B)  conditional positive regard. 
C)  authenticity. 
D)  empathy. 
A)  unconditional positive regard. 
B)  conditional positive regard. 
C)  authenticity. 
D)  empathy.

Question 2

Although George has lost his business and his wife has left him,he still believes that he is an excellent gambler,who is just having "a run of bad luck" that will soon change.Regarding George's situation,he is exhibiting the cognitive distortions known as

Accepted Answer

A)  a magnified gambling skill and the gambler's fallacy. 
B)  gambling personification and "all-or-nothing" thinking. 
C)  luck transference and latent learning. 
D)  the algorithmic fallacy and an internal locus of control. 
A)  a magnified gambling skill and the gambler's fallacy. 
B)  gambling personification and "all-or-nothing" thinking. 
C)  luck transference and latent learning. 
D)  the algorithmic fallacy and an internal locus of control.

Question 3

An important outcome of brief dynamic therapy has been to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the expense of psychoanalytic treatments. 
B)  reduce the time required for therapy. 
C)  provide a less intense emotional experience for the client. 
D)  increase awareness of the benefits of traditional psychoanalysis. 
A)  increase the expense of psychoanalytic treatments. 
B)  reduce the time required for therapy. 
C)  provide a less intense emotional experience for the client. 
D)  increase awareness of the benefits of traditional psychoanalysis.

Question 4

Which of the following type of therapists helps people rebuild thinking,feeling,and acting in connected wholes by expanding their personal awareness and by helping them to fill in gaps in experiences?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychodynamic therapists 
B)  Gestalt therapists 
C)  cognitive therapists 
D)  client-centered therapists 
A)  psychodynamic therapists 
B)  Gestalt therapists 
C)  cognitive therapists 
D)  client-centered therapists

Question 5

Cognitive psychotherapy is based on the assumption that psychological problems are essentially caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  conditions of worth. 
B)  repressed anger. 
C)  faulty or maladaptive thinking. 
D)  avoidance learning. 
A)  conditions of worth. 
B)  repressed anger. 
C)  faulty or maladaptive thinking. 
D)  avoidance learning.

Question 6

In client-centered therapy,the troubled individual

Accepted Answer

A)  free associates to bring hidden conflicts into awareness. 
B)  is stripped of ego-defenses and unrealistic beliefs through confrontation. 
C)  undergoes systematic desensitization training through which the person is able to let go of past hurts and find meaning in their lives. 
D)  determines what will be discussed during each session and must actively seek to solve his or her own problems. 
A)  free associates to bring hidden conflicts into awareness. 
B)  is stripped of ego-defenses and unrealistic beliefs through confrontation. 
C)  undergoes systematic desensitization training through which the person is able to let go of past hurts and find meaning in their lives. 
D)  determines what will be discussed during each session and must actively seek to solve his or her own problems.

Question 7

Charles was rejected by his long-time girlfriend.He has decided that no other woman will love him,that his co-workers and the people who say they are his friends must also dislike him,too.Charles has let his rejection by his girlfriend "color" his perceptions of other areas in his life.Beck referred to this as

Accepted Answer

A)  all-or-nothing thinking. 
B)  overgeneralization. 
C)  selective perception. 
D)  personification. 
A)  all-or-nothing thinking. 
B)  overgeneralization. 
C)  selective perception. 
D)  personification.

Question 8

Michelle has gained a great deal of weight since her divorce.Although she left an abusive relationship,she still feels that she is not worthy to enter into another relationship.Michelle would most likely benefit from a therapist who tries to facilitate which elements of positive mental health?

Accepted Answer

A)  good habits of physical health and feelings of personal worth 
B)  autonomy and honesty in personal relationships 
C)  self-awareness and nurturance 
D)  self-control and personal responsibility 
A)  good habits of physical health and feelings of personal worth 
B)  autonomy and honesty in personal relationships 
C)  self-awareness and nurturance 
D)  self-control and personal responsibility

Question 9

Jan and Pam are hoarders with each of their homes crammed with things acquired over two decades.Both ladies go into therapy.Jan's therapist helps Jan to better understand why she began collecting stuff,while Pam's therapist helps her to actively change her thoughts and beliefs about hoarding.The two ladies each went to which type of therapist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jan went to a behavioral therapist, while Pam went to a humanistic therapist. 
B)  Jan went to cognitive therapist, while Pam went to a behavioral therapist. 
C)  Jan went to a humanistic therapist, while Pam went to a cognitive therapist. 
D)  Jan went to a cognitive therapist, while Pam went to a psychodynamic therapist. 
A)  Jan went to a behavioral therapist, while Pam went to a humanistic therapist. 
B)  Jan went to cognitive therapist, while Pam went to a behavioral therapist. 
C)  Jan went to a humanistic therapist, while Pam went to a cognitive therapist. 
D)  Jan went to a cognitive therapist, while Pam went to a psychodynamic therapist.

Question 10

Which of the following theorists believed that conflicts stemmed from instinctual drives for sex and aggression and forced people to develop rigid ego-defenses and compulsive,self-defeating behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fritz Perls 
B)  Aaron Beck 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  Fritz Perls 
B)  Aaron Beck 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 11

While client-centered therapy seeks to uncover a "true self" behind a screen of defenses,existential therapy emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A)  free will and the human ability to make choices. 
B)  unconscious drives and conflicts. 
C)  the need to rebuild thinking, feeling, and acting into connected wholes. 
D)  that one's irrational beliefs tend to cause emotional problems. 
A)  free will and the human ability to make choices. 
B)  unconscious drives and conflicts. 
C)  the need to rebuild thinking, feeling, and acting into connected wholes. 
D)  that one's irrational beliefs tend to cause emotional problems.

Question 12

Regarding the differences in traditional psychoanalysis and Roger's humanistic therapy,which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychoanalysts explore conscious thoughts and feelings, while humanistic therapists delve into the unconscious. 
B)  Psychoanalysts tend to take a position of authority within the session, while the client determines what will be discussed during each Rogerian therapy session. 
C)  Psychoanalysts tend to be more optimistic than the humanists regarding the possibility of their clients leading full, rich, rewarding lives. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  Psychoanalysts explore conscious thoughts and feelings, while humanistic therapists delve into the unconscious. 
B)  Psychoanalysts tend to take a position of authority within the session, while the client determines what will be discussed during each Rogerian therapy session. 
C)  Psychoanalysts tend to be more optimistic than the humanists regarding the possibility of their clients leading full, rich, rewarding lives. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 13

In rational-emotive behavior therapy,the therapist

Accepted Answer

A)  encourages clients to make courageous choices that will bring meaning to their lives. 
B)  is very directive in confronting his or her clients' unrealistic beliefs and "self-talk." 
C)  reflects his or her client's ideas and feelings using a non-directive approach. 
D)  asks his or her clients to exaggerate vague feelings in order to express feelings and break through emotional impasses. 
A)  encourages clients to make courageous choices that will bring meaning to their lives. 
B)  is very directive in confronting his or her clients' unrealistic beliefs and "self-talk." 
C)  reflects his or her client's ideas and feelings using a non-directive approach. 
D)  asks his or her clients to exaggerate vague feelings in order to express feelings and break through emotional impasses.

Question 14

Sigmund Freud became convinced that the "hysteria" his patients were suffering from was caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a faulty self-image. 
B)  unconscious conflicts. 
C)  bizarre dreams. 
D)  transference. 
A)  a faulty self-image. 
B)  unconscious conflicts. 
C)  bizarre dreams. 
D)  transference.

Question 15

Carl Rogers developed

Accepted Answer

A)  Gestalt therapy. 
B)  brief psychodynamic therapy. 
C)  existential therapy. 
D)  person-centered therapy. 
A)  Gestalt therapy. 
B)  brief psychodynamic therapy. 
C)  existential therapy. 
D)  person-centered therapy.

Question 16

Freud's patients usually reclined on a couch during therapy.Regarding the use of the couch during therapy,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The use of the couch also included Freud sitting out of sight, taking notes, and offering interpretations. 
B)  Reclining on the couch was supposed to encourage a free flow of thoughts and images from the unconscious. 
C)  The use of the couch was the least important feature of psychoanalysis, and many modern analysts have abandoned it. 
D)  The couch is used by most modern psychoanalysts as well as a majority of therapists who adhere to other schools of thought. 
A)  The use of the couch also included Freud sitting out of sight, taking notes, and offering interpretations. 
B)  Reclining on the couch was supposed to encourage a free flow of thoughts and images from the unconscious. 
C)  The use of the couch was the least important feature of psychoanalysis, and many modern analysts have abandoned it. 
D)  The couch is used by most modern psychoanalysts as well as a majority of therapists who adhere to other schools of thought.

Question 17

The obvious part of a dream that is visible and remembered by the dreamer is referred to as the __________ content.

Accepted Answer

A)  manifest 
B)  lucid 
C)  conscious core 
D)  latent 
A)  manifest 
B)  lucid 
C)  conscious core 
D)  latent

Question 18

When a person blows a single unpleasant event out of proportion by extending it to a large number of unrelated situations,the person is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  selective perception. 
B)  all-or-nothing thinking. 
C)  personification. 
D)  overgeneralization. 
A)  selective perception. 
B)  all-or-nothing thinking. 
C)  personification. 
D)  overgeneralization.

Question 19

Eli's therapist uses confrontation to challenge Eli to examine his values and choices and to take responsibility to become the person that he wants to become.For Eli,these therapy sessions have brought about a renewed sense of purpose and a reappraisal of what's important in life.Eli's therapist is most likely a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  existential therapist. 
B)  psychoanalyst. 
C)  client-centered therapist. 
D)  behavioral therapist. 
A)  existential therapist. 
B)  psychoanalyst. 
C)  client-centered therapist. 
D)  behavioral therapist.

Question 20

Gaining understanding is to making direct changes as

Accepted Answer

A)  directive therapy is to non-directive therapy. 
B)  action therapy is to insight therapy. 
C)  non-directive therapy is to directive therapy. 
D)  insight therapy is to action therapy. 
A)  directive therapy is to non-directive therapy. 
B)  action therapy is to insight therapy. 
C)  non-directive therapy is to directive therapy. 
D)  insight therapy is to action therapy.

Exam 15: A: Therapies

Rogers stated that an effective therapist should be able to see and feel what the client is experiencing,a quality known as

Although George has lost his business and his wife has left him,he still believes that he is an excellent gambler,who is just having "a run of bad luck" that will soon change.Regarding George's situation,he is exhibiting the cognitive distortions known as

An important outcome of brief dynamic therapy has been to

Which of the following type of therapists helps people rebuild thinking,feeling,and acting in connected wholes by expanding their personal awareness and by helping them to fill in gaps in experiences?

Cognitive psychotherapy is based on the assumption that psychological problems are essentially caused by

In client-centered therapy,the troubled individual

Michelle has gained a great deal of weight since her divorce.Although she left an abusive relationship,she still feels that she is not worthy to enter into another relationship.Michelle would most likely benefit from a therapist who tries to facilitate which elements of positive mental health?

Which of the following theorists believed that conflicts stemmed from instinctual drives for sex and aggression and forced people to develop rigid ego-defenses and compulsive,self-defeating behaviors?

While client-centered therapy seeks to uncover a "true self" behind a screen of defenses,existential therapy emphasizes

Regarding the differences in traditional psychoanalysis and Roger's humanistic therapy,which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

In rational-emotive behavior therapy,the therapist

Sigmund Freud became convinced that the "hysteria" his patients were suffering from was caused by

Carl Rogers developed

Freud's patients usually reclined on a couch during therapy.Regarding the use of the couch during therapy,which of the following statements is FALSE?

The obvious part of a dream that is visible and remembered by the dreamer is referred to as the __________ content.

When a person blows a single unpleasant event out of proportion by extending it to a large number of unrelated situations,the person is exhibiting

Gaining understanding is to making direct changes as

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology

B: Applied Psychology

C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics