Question 1

In client-centered therapy,the process of rephrasing or repeating thoughts and feelings expressed by clients so they can become aware of what they are saying is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  transference. 
B)  vicarious desensitization. 
C)  unconditional positive regard. 
D)  reflection. 
A)  transference. 
B)  vicarious desensitization. 
C)  unconditional positive regard. 
D)  reflection.

Question 2

Beck labels the tendency of depressed persons to see things as completely good or bad,right or wrong as

Accepted Answer

A)  selective perception. 
B)  overgeneralization. 
C)  all-or-nothing thinking. 
D)  extremist thinking. 
A)  selective perception. 
B)  overgeneralization. 
C)  all-or-nothing thinking. 
D)  extremist thinking.

Question 3

When contemporary psychodynamic therapists actively provoke emotional reactions,their patients tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  lower their defenses and gain insight. 
B)  actively begin the process toward self-actualization. 
C)  make courageous choices and find the meaning they have lost in their lives. 
D)  become aware of their incongruence and strive toward becoming "whole." 
A)  lower their defenses and gain insight. 
B)  actively begin the process toward self-actualization. 
C)  make courageous choices and find the meaning they have lost in their lives. 
D)  become aware of their incongruence and strive toward becoming "whole."

Question 4

A therapy does not always have to be used to solve problems and crises; it can also be used to

Accepted Answer

A)  help people make use of their personal strengths and for personal growth. 
B)  "fix weaknesses" that cause "roadblocks" in people's lives. 
C)  reduce the symptoms of long-standing personality disorders. 
D)  "overhaul" the psyche and undo the past. 
A)  help people make use of their personal strengths and for personal growth. 
B)  "fix weaknesses" that cause "roadblocks" in people's lives. 
C)  reduce the symptoms of long-standing personality disorders. 
D)  "overhaul" the psyche and undo the past.

Question 5

Saying whatever comes to mind,even if it seems senseless,painful,or embarrassing,is part of the Freudian technique known as

Accepted Answer

A)  dream analysis. 
B)  analysis of transference. 
C)  free association. 
D)  analysis of resistance. 
A)  dream analysis. 
B)  analysis of transference. 
C)  free association. 
D)  analysis of resistance.

Question 6

Which therapy focuses on the therapist being authentic,showing empathy,and reflecting the client's thoughts and feelings?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  client-centered therapy 
C)  cognitive therapy 
D)  Gestalt therapy 
A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  client-centered therapy 
C)  cognitive therapy 
D)  Gestalt therapy

Question 7

Psychotherapy is best viewed as

Accepted Answer

A)  the most effective way to undo the past in order to correct severe problems. 
B)  a major overhaul of the psyche. 
C)  a way to make constructive changes. 
D)  applicable only to those with psychological problems. 
A)  the most effective way to undo the past in order to correct severe problems. 
B)  a major overhaul of the psyche. 
C)  a way to make constructive changes. 
D)  applicable only to those with psychological problems.

Question 8

Which group of therapists believes that perception (awareness)becomes disjointed and incomplete in a maladjusted person?

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviorists 
B)  existential therapists 
C)  Gestalt therapists 
D)  psychoanalysts 
A)  behaviorists 
B)  existential therapists 
C)  Gestalt therapists 
D)  psychoanalysts

Question 9

The Buddhists' state of "radical acceptance" is similar to the view that the client must fully accept the challenge of making the courageous choices needed to change his or her life that is advocated by

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysts. 
B)  existential therapists. 
C)  cognitive therapists. 
D)  behavioral therapists. 
A)  psychoanalysts. 
B)  existential therapists. 
C)  cognitive therapists. 
D)  behavioral therapists.

Question 10

Which of the following would a rational-emotive behavior therapist consider an irrational belief that could lead to emotional upset and conflict?

Accepted Answer

A)  I must be loved and approved of by almost every significant person in my life. 
B)  Certain people that I must deal with are thoroughly bad, and they should be severely blamed and punished for it. 
C)  I should be completely competent and achieving in all ways to be a worthwhile person. 
D)  All of these are irrational assumptions. 
A)  I must be loved and approved of by almost every significant person in my life. 
B)  Certain people that I must deal with are thoroughly bad, and they should be severely blamed and punished for it. 
C)  I should be completely competent and achieving in all ways to be a worthwhile person. 
D)  All of these are irrational assumptions.

Question 11

In what way are trephining and exorcism alike?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both cause mental illness. 
B)  Both were used as treatments by Pinel in the Bicêtre Asylum. 
C)  Both were considered approaches for removing evil spirits. 
D)  Both are considered Gestalt therapies. 
A)  Both cause mental illness. 
B)  Both were used as treatments by Pinel in the Bicêtre Asylum. 
C)  Both were considered approaches for removing evil spirits. 
D)  Both are considered Gestalt therapies.

Question 12

The main goal of psychoanalysis was to

Accepted Answer

A)  bring an end to irrational internal dialogue. 
B)  provide the client with unconditional positive regard and empathy. 
C)  reduce internal conflicts that led to emotional suffering. 
D)  apply learning principles to change maladaptive behaviors. 
A)  bring an end to irrational internal dialogue. 
B)  provide the client with unconditional positive regard and empathy. 
C)  reduce internal conflicts that led to emotional suffering. 
D)  apply learning principles to change maladaptive behaviors.

Question 13

Regarding the goals of therapy,the goal of traditional psychoanalysis was to

Accepted Answer

A)  gain better self-knowledge, while client-centered therapy sought to help people to use their potentials fully. 
B)  cure the patient, while client-centered therapy sought to reduce symptoms. 
C)  change thinking patterns, while client-centered therapy sought to change observable behavior. 
D)  change observable behavior, while client-centered therapy sought to change thinking patterns. 
A)  gain better self-knowledge, while client-centered therapy sought to help people to use their potentials fully. 
B)  cure the patient, while client-centered therapy sought to reduce symptoms. 
C)  change thinking patterns, while client-centered therapy sought to change observable behavior. 
D)  change observable behavior, while client-centered therapy sought to change thinking patterns.

Question 14

Gestalt therapy,client-centered therapy,psychoanalysis,and behavioral therapies are all forms of

Accepted Answer

A)  psychotherapy. 
B)  meta-analysis. 
C)  pharmacotherapy. 
D)  somatic therapy. 
A)  psychotherapy. 
B)  meta-analysis. 
C)  pharmacotherapy. 
D)  somatic therapy.

Question 15

Each person creates his or her private world by making choices in order to confront and overcome feelings of meaninglessness and isolation,according to

Accepted Answer

A)  existential therapists. 
B)  Gestalt therapists. 
C)  psychoanalysts. 
D)  client-centered therapists. 
A)  existential therapists. 
B)  Gestalt therapists. 
C)  psychoanalysts. 
D)  client-centered therapists.

Question 16

For gamblers,seeing luck as a trait,incorrect beliefs about randomness,and putting too much faith in intuition are

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive distortions that create an "illusion of control." 
B)  the characteristics of a successful professional gambler. 
C)  elements of the tension-release method that block rational thought. 
D)  aspects of vicarious desensitization that lead to a gambling addiction. 
A)  cognitive distortions that create an "illusion of control." 
B)  the characteristics of a successful professional gambler. 
C)  elements of the tension-release method that block rational thought. 
D)  aspects of vicarious desensitization that lead to a gambling addiction.

Question 17

Raul remembers that he had a dream last night in which he was riding in his car when he flew out the window and up toward the clouds.These remembered parts of the dream are known as the __________ content.

Accepted Answer

A)  lucid 
B)  transference 
C)  manifest 
D)  latent 
A)  lucid 
B)  transference 
C)  manifest 
D)  latent

Question 18

Tim tries to argue with his therapist like he used to argue with his late father,who rejected and ridiculed him.Tim even tells the therapist,"You are just like him." According to psychoanalytical theory,Tim is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal inhibition. 
B)  a therapeutic attachment. 
C)  transference. 
D)  resistance. 
A)  reciprocal inhibition. 
B)  a therapeutic attachment. 
C)  transference. 
D)  resistance.

Question 19

Regarding a comparison of traditional psychoanalysis and the therapy used today,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traditional psychoanalysis called for three to five therapy sessions a week with sessions today occurring only once or twice per week. 
B)  Because of the huge amounts of time and money that traditional psychoanalysis requires, psychoanalysts have become relatively rare. 
C)  Brief therapy appears to accelerate recovery because patients seem to realize that they need to get to the heart of their problems quickly. 
D)  One example of a brief psychodynamic therapy used today is existential, or logotherapy. 
A)  Traditional psychoanalysis called for three to five therapy sessions a week with sessions today occurring only once or twice per week. 
B)  Because of the huge amounts of time and money that traditional psychoanalysis requires, psychoanalysts have become relatively rare. 
C)  Brief therapy appears to accelerate recovery because patients seem to realize that they need to get to the heart of their problems quickly. 
D)  One example of a brief psychodynamic therapy used today is existential, or logotherapy.

Question 20

Which of the following is an element of positive mental health?

Accepted Answer

A)  insensitivity to the demands of others 
B)  individualism 
C)  capacity to forgive 
D)  extroversion 
A)  insensitivity to the demands of others 
B)  individualism 
C)  capacity to forgive 
D)  extroversion

Exam 15: A: Therapies

In client-centered therapy,the process of rephrasing or repeating thoughts and feelings expressed by clients so they can become aware of what they are saying is known as

Beck labels the tendency of depressed persons to see things as completely good or bad,right or wrong as

When contemporary psychodynamic therapists actively provoke emotional reactions,their patients tend to

A therapy does not always have to be used to solve problems and crises; it can also be used to

Saying whatever comes to mind,even if it seems senseless,painful,or embarrassing,is part of the Freudian technique known as

Which therapy focuses on the therapist being authentic,showing empathy,and reflecting the client's thoughts and feelings?

Psychotherapy is best viewed as

Which group of therapists believes that perception (awareness)becomes disjointed and incomplete in a maladjusted person?

The Buddhists' state of "radical acceptance" is similar to the view that the client must fully accept the challenge of making the courageous choices needed to change his or her life that is advocated by

Which of the following would a rational-emotive behavior therapist consider an irrational belief that could lead to emotional upset and conflict?

In what way are trephining and exorcism alike?

The main goal of psychoanalysis was to

Regarding the goals of therapy,the goal of traditional psychoanalysis was to

Gestalt therapy,client-centered therapy,psychoanalysis,and behavioral therapies are all forms of

Each person creates his or her private world by making choices in order to confront and overcome feelings of meaninglessness and isolation,according to

For gamblers,seeing luck as a trait,incorrect beliefs about randomness,and putting too much faith in intuition are

Raul remembers that he had a dream last night in which he was riding in his car when he flew out the window and up toward the clouds.These remembered parts of the dream are known as the __________ content.

Tim tries to argue with his therapist like he used to argue with his late father,who rejected and ridiculed him.Tim even tells the therapist,"You are just like him." According to psychoanalytical theory,Tim is exhibiting

Regarding a comparison of traditional psychoanalysis and the therapy used today,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following is an element of positive mental health?

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology