Question 1

According to Freud,in order to reduce the anxieties resulting from an imbalance among the three parts of the personality,the ego often employs

Accepted Answer

A)  organismic valuing. 
B)  primary process thinking. 
C)  congruence. 
D)  defense mechanisms. 
A)  organismic valuing. 
B)  primary process thinking. 
C)  congruence. 
D)  defense mechanisms.

Question 2

According to Gordon Allport,the personality traits that define a particular person's unique qualities are termed __________ traits.

Accepted Answer

A)  common 
B)  surface 
C)  source 
D)  individual 
A)  common 
B)  surface 
C)  source 
D)  individual

Question 3

According to Freud,the use of mental processes to deny,distort,or otherwise block out sources of threat and anxiety are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  the pleasure principle. 
B)  self-efficacy. 
C)  congruence. 
D)  defense mechanisms. 
A)  the pleasure principle. 
B)  self-efficacy. 
C)  congruence. 
D)  defense mechanisms.

Question 4

An individual's unique and enduring patterns of thinking,feeling,and behaving are called

Accepted Answer

A)  personality. 
B)  character. 
C)  somatotype. 
D)  phenotype. 
A)  personality. 
B)  character. 
C)  somatotype. 
D)  phenotype.

Question 5

Ben,who is intelligent and creative,would most likely score high on which dimension of the Big Five trait model?

Accepted Answer

A)  openness to experience 
B)  conscientiousness 
C)  extroversion 
D)  neuroticism 
A)  openness to experience 
B)  conscientiousness 
C)  extroversion 
D)  neuroticism

Question 6

Regarding self-concept,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  We creatively build our self-concepts out of daily experiences and revise them as we have new experiences. 
B)  Once a stable self-concept exists, it tends to guide what we pay attention to, remember, and think about. 
C)  Self-concepts can greatly affect our behavior, personal adjustment, and self-esteem, especially when these self-concepts are inaccurate. 
D)  The reasons for having high self-esteem tend to be very similar across different cultures. 
A)  We creatively build our self-concepts out of daily experiences and revise them as we have new experiences. 
B)  Once a stable self-concept exists, it tends to guide what we pay attention to, remember, and think about. 
C)  Self-concepts can greatly affect our behavior, personal adjustment, and self-esteem, especially when these self-concepts are inaccurate. 
D)  The reasons for having high self-esteem tend to be very similar across different cultures.

Question 7

Which of the following theories focus on the inner workings of personality,especially internal conflicts and struggles?

Accepted Answer

A)  humanistic theories 
B)  psychodynamic theories 
C)  behaviorist theories 
D)  trait theories 
A)  humanistic theories 
B)  psychodynamic theories 
C)  behaviorist theories 
D)  trait theories

Question 8

Suppose the superego were a hungry person in a crowded cafeteria.The superego would most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  walk out. 
B)  wait in line. 
C)  push to the head of the line. 
D)  feel guilty about not letting other people go ahead of him or her in the line. 
A)  walk out. 
B)  wait in line. 
C)  push to the head of the line. 
D)  feel guilty about not letting other people go ahead of him or her in the line.

Question 9

What psychodynamic theorists tend to share in common with trait theorists is the view that human personality is based on

Accepted Answer

A)  learning and expectancies. 
B)  personal growth and self-actualization. 
C)  a set of biological dispositions. 
D)  unconscious drives. 
A)  learning and expectancies. 
B)  personal growth and self-actualization. 
C)  a set of biological dispositions. 
D)  unconscious drives.

Question 10

According to Freud,when the standards of the ego ideal are met,we feel

Accepted Answer

A)  pride. 
B)  guilt. 
C)  envy. 
D)  fear and confusion. 
A)  pride. 
B)  guilt. 
C)  envy. 
D)  fear and confusion.

Question 11

Regarding personality types,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two categories or even several are often inadequate to fully capture differences in personality. 
B)  Rating people on a list of traits tends to be more informative than classifying people into two or three types. 
C)  Types tend to oversimplify people. 
D)  The personality types of introversion and extroversion were first proposed by Abraham Maslow. 
A)  Two categories or even several are often inadequate to fully capture differences in personality. 
B)  Rating people on a list of traits tends to be more informative than classifying people into two or three types. 
C)  Types tend to oversimplify people. 
D)  The personality types of introversion and extroversion were first proposed by Abraham Maslow.

Question 12

One problem psychologists have with personality types is they

Accepted Answer

A)  are hereditary constructs. 
B)  oversimplify personality. 
C)  describe character, not personality. 
D)  are not observable or measurable. 
A)  are hereditary constructs. 
B)  oversimplify personality. 
C)  describe character, not personality. 
D)  are not observable or measurable.

Question 13

Regarding personality traits,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The dimensions of the five-factor model of personality can be used to predict how people will act in various circumstances. 
B)  The Big Five traits appear to be related to different brain systems and chemicals. 
C)  Being extremely perfectionistic tends to increase one's overall success at school and elsewhere. 
D)  Persons high in conscientiousness tend to live longer than those low in this trait. 
A)  The dimensions of the five-factor model of personality can be used to predict how people will act in various circumstances. 
B)  The Big Five traits appear to be related to different brain systems and chemicals. 
C)  Being extremely perfectionistic tends to increase one's overall success at school and elsewhere. 
D)  Persons high in conscientiousness tend to live longer than those low in this trait.

Question 14

If you like studying where there is more socializing and a higher noise level,you are probably

Accepted Answer

A)  more of an introvert. 
B)  more of an extrovert. 
C)  a Type A personality. 
D)  a Type B personality. 
A)  more of an introvert. 
B)  more of an extrovert. 
C)  a Type A personality. 
D)  a Type B personality.

Question 15

According to the Big Five model of personality,people high in which of the following traits tend to attract more friends and enjoy strong social support from others,but often put the interests of friends and family ahead of their own?

Accepted Answer

A)  conscientiousness 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  neuroticism 
D)  extroversion 
A)  conscientiousness 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  neuroticism 
D)  extroversion

Question 16

In Freudian theory,the force that energizes the personality and underlies our efforts to survive,our sexual desires,and our pleasure-seeking is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  psyche. 
B)  libido. 
C)  ego. 
D)  ideal self. 
A)  psyche. 
B)  libido. 
C)  ego. 
D)  ideal self.

Question 17

Marian is a college freshman who is so self-critical of herself that she feels like she is a failure when she makes a B on an assignment rather than her usual A.She is so terrified of making mistakes that she kept rewriting an essay during class so many times that she did not finish it.Marian is now worried "sick" that she will make a "bad" grade on this essay.According to your textbook,Marian would best be described having

Accepted Answer

A)  a low score on neuroticism. 
B)  severe test anxiety. 
C)  maladaptive perfectionism. 
D)  the "freshman college jitters." 
A)  a low score on neuroticism. 
B)  severe test anxiety. 
C)  maladaptive perfectionism. 
D)  the "freshman college jitters."

Question 18

If a person is fixated early during the first psychosexual stage,he or she will develop an __________ personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  anal-retentive 
B)  oral-aggressive 
C)  anal-expulsive 
D)  oral-dependent 
A)  anal-retentive 
B)  oral-aggressive 
C)  anal-expulsive 
D)  oral-dependent

Question 19

Dr.Armad explains that his patient's anxiety is the result of hidden,or unconscious conflicts,thoughts,emotions and unfulfilled needs.Dr.Armad is using the __________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalytic 
B)  behavioral 
C)  medical 
D)  humanistic 
A)  psychoanalytic 
B)  behavioral 
C)  medical 
D)  humanistic

Question 20

The source traits identified by Cattell can be measured using a test known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  MMPI-2. 
B)  16 PF. 
C)  TAT. 
D)  WAIS. 
A)  MMPI-2. 
B)  16 PF. 
C)  TAT. 
D)  WAIS.

Exam 12: A: Personality

According to Freud,in order to reduce the anxieties resulting from an imbalance among the three parts of the personality,the ego often employs

According to Gordon Allport,the personality traits that define a particular person's unique qualities are termed __________ traits.

According to Freud,the use of mental processes to deny,distort,or otherwise block out sources of threat and anxiety are referred to as

An individual's unique and enduring patterns of thinking,feeling,and behaving are called

Ben,who is intelligent and creative,would most likely score high on which dimension of the Big Five trait model?

Regarding self-concept,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following theories focus on the inner workings of personality,especially internal conflicts and struggles?

Suppose the superego were a hungry person in a crowded cafeteria.The superego would most likely

What psychodynamic theorists tend to share in common with trait theorists is the view that human personality is based on

According to Freud,when the standards of the ego ideal are met,we feel

Regarding personality types,which of the following statements is FALSE?

One problem psychologists have with personality types is they

Regarding personality traits,which of the following statements is FALSE?

If you like studying where there is more socializing and a higher noise level,you are probably

According to the Big Five model of personality,people high in which of the following traits tend to attract more friends and enjoy strong social support from others,but often put the interests of friends and family ahead of their own?

In Freudian theory,the force that energizes the personality and underlies our efforts to survive,our sexual desires,and our pleasure-seeking is known as the

If a person is fixated early during the first psychosexual stage,he or she will develop an __________ personality.

Dr.Armad explains that his patient's anxiety is the result of hidden,or unconscious conflicts,thoughts,emotions and unfulfilled needs.Dr.Armad is using the __________ approach.

The source traits identified by Cattell can be measured using a test known as the

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology

B: Applied Psychology