Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of creative persons?

Accepted Answer

A)  prefer complexity and enjoy symbolic thoughts, ideas, concepts, and possibilities 
B)  tend to be overly dependent on others 
C)  tend to use broad categories and find order in chaos 
D)  experience more unusual states of consciousness, such as vivid dreams and mystical experiences 
A)  prefer complexity and enjoy symbolic thoughts, ideas, concepts, and possibilities 
B)  tend to be overly dependent on others 
C)  tend to use broad categories and find order in chaos 
D)  experience more unusual states of consciousness, such as vivid dreams and mystical experiences

Question 2

You tell your parents about the "funny stories" that your psychology teacher uses to explain various concepts and theories.Your parents respond that they are not sending you to college to hear "funny stories" and that the teacher should lecture on the subject like when they went to college.Which barrier to problem solving is illustrated by your parents' comment?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional barrier 
B)  cultural barrier 
C)  learned barrier 
D)  perceptual barrier 
A)  emotional barrier 
B)  cultural barrier 
C)  learned barrier 
D)  perceptual barrier

Question 3

Jeremy's psychology professor has just assigned a term paper,and Jeremy must select a topic and define the important dimensions of this project.At this point,Jeremy is in which stage of creative thought?

Accepted Answer

A)  verification 
B)  preparation 
C)  orientation 
D)  incubation 
A)  verification 
B)  preparation 
C)  orientation 
D)  incubation

Question 4

According to Psychologist Janet Davidson,the three abilities involved in insight are

Accepted Answer

A)  selective attention, convergent thinking, divergent thinking. 
B)  cognitive assimilation, selective attention, selective encoding. 
C)  selective attention, selective comparison, convergent thinking. 
D)  selective encoding, selective combination, selective comparison. 
A)  selective attention, convergent thinking, divergent thinking. 
B)  cognitive assimilation, selective attention, selective encoding. 
C)  selective attention, selective comparison, convergent thinking. 
D)  selective encoding, selective combination, selective comparison.

Question 5

Selective encoding is the

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to compare new problems with old information or with problems already solved. 
B)  ability to choose information that is relevant to a problem while ignoring distractions. 
C)  ability to bring together seemingly unrelated bits of useful information. 
D)  tendency to get "hung up" on wrong solutions or to become blind to alternatives. 
A)  ability to compare new problems with old information or with problems already solved. 
B)  ability to choose information that is relevant to a problem while ignoring distractions. 
C)  ability to bring together seemingly unrelated bits of useful information. 
D)  tendency to get "hung up" on wrong solutions or to become blind to alternatives.

Question 6

"Try to identify how the current state of affairs differs from the desired goal,and then find steps that will reduce the difference." This advice describes a

Accepted Answer

A)  syllogism. 
B)  heuristic. 
C)  prototype. 
D)  dimension of the semantic differential. 
A)  syllogism. 
B)  heuristic. 
C)  prototype. 
D)  dimension of the semantic differential.

Question 7

Expert chess players can automatically recognize 50,000 to 100,000 patterns,a level of skill that takes about how long to build up?

Accepted Answer

A)  one year 
B)  two years 
C)  five years 
D)  10 years 
A)  one year 
B)  two years 
C)  five years 
D)  10 years

Question 8

How long does it take for expertise in most areas to develop?

Accepted Answer

A)  one year 
B)  two years 
C)  five years 
D)  10 years 
A)  one year 
B)  two years 
C)  five years 
D)  10 years

Question 9

On tests of creativity,the total number of solutions produced indicates one's

Accepted Answer

A)  flexibility. 
B)  fluency. 
C)  originality. 
D)  elaboration. 
A)  flexibility. 
B)  fluency. 
C)  originality. 
D)  elaboration.

Question 10

The textbook problem of how many socks to take out of a drawer to get a matched pair when the drawer contains a four to five mixture of white and black socks requires the reader to realize that the four to five mixture is irrelevant information and that the only relevant information is that there are two colors of socks.Getting the correct answer of three socks requires the reader to first use which of Davidson's insight abilities?

Accepted Answer

A)  selective combination 
B)  selective attention 
C)  selective comparison 
D)  selective encoding 
A)  selective combination 
B)  selective attention 
C)  selective comparison 
D)  selective encoding

Question 11

Heuristics are problem-solving strategies which

Accepted Answer

A)  use a trial and error approach. 
B)  use random search strategies. 
C)  guarantee success in solving a problem. 
D)  reduce the number of alternatives. 
A)  use a trial and error approach. 
B)  use random search strategies. 
C)  guarantee success in solving a problem. 
D)  reduce the number of alternatives.

Question 12

When tested with the candle problem presented in your textbook,five-year-old children showed no signs of functional fixedness because compared to adults,the children

Accepted Answer

A)  could visualize the problem better. 
B)  could physically manipulate the objects with more dexterity. 
C)  had less experience with the uses of the various objects. 
D)  had more experience with the uses of the various objects. 
A)  could visualize the problem better. 
B)  could physically manipulate the objects with more dexterity. 
C)  had less experience with the uses of the various objects. 
D)  had more experience with the uses of the various objects.

Question 13

The city has asked for local citizens to send in creative solutions to the downtown parking problem.Emil's contribution states that the "City should use large coat hangers or helium balloons to suspend cars above the downtown area." Emil's solutions to the parking problem would be considered

Accepted Answer

A)  divergent and creative. 
B)  divergent but not creative. 
C)  aesthetic but not creative. 
D)  aesthetic and creative. 
A)  divergent and creative. 
B)  divergent but not creative. 
C)  aesthetic but not creative. 
D)  aesthetic and creative.

Question 14

On a creativity test,you are asked to list all the uses of a paper clip.Your total number of uses listed would be your__________ score.

Accepted Answer

A)  flexibility 
B)  fluency 
C)  originality 
D)  novelty 
A)  flexibility 
B)  fluency 
C)  originality 
D)  novelty

Question 15

Which of the following types of thought may contribute to creative problem-solving,but can also lead to thinking errors?

Accepted Answer

A)  intuitive 
B)  inductive 
C)  deductive 
D)  convergent 
A)  intuitive 
B)  inductive 
C)  deductive 
D)  convergent

Question 16

Decision-making often can be influenced by the way that a problem is stated or structured,which is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  the base rate. 
B)  framing. 
C)  the denotative meaning. 
D)  transformation. 
A)  the base rate. 
B)  framing. 
C)  the denotative meaning. 
D)  transformation.

Question 17

Regarding a custody matter,two judges are each given profiles of the two parents.One judge is asked,"Which parent should be awarded custody?" while the other judge is asked,"Which parent should be denied custody?" The judges are most likely see this custody situation differently because of the

Accepted Answer

A)  underlying base rates. 
B)  framing of the questions. 
C)  representative heuristics within this situation. 
D)  differing emotionalities of the two judges. 
A)  underlying base rates. 
B)  framing of the questions. 
C)  representative heuristics within this situation. 
D)  differing emotionalities of the two judges.

Question 18

Regarding intuitive thought,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intuitive thought may contribute to creative problem-solving. 
B)  Intuitive thought can lead to thinking errors. 
C)  Intuitive thought often involves algorithms. 
D)  Intuitive thought often involves heuristics. 
A)  Intuitive thought may contribute to creative problem-solving. 
B)  Intuitive thought can lead to thinking errors. 
C)  Intuitive thought often involves algorithms. 
D)  Intuitive thought often involves heuristics.

Question 19

According to Davidson,a person who is able to ignore distractions and focus on information necessary to solve a problem is good at

Accepted Answer

A)  selective attention. 
B)  selective encoding. 
C)  selective combination. 
D)  selective comparison. 
A)  selective attention. 
B)  selective encoding. 
C)  selective combination. 
D)  selective comparison.

Question 20

The way a question is stated before problem-solving begins can affect decision making and is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  the representativeness heuristic. 
B)  framing. 
C)  incubation. 
D)  defining the base rate. 
A)  the representativeness heuristic. 
B)  framing. 
C)  incubation. 
D)  defining the base rate.

Exam 8: B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of creative persons?

Jeremy's psychology professor has just assigned a term paper,and Jeremy must select a topic and define the important dimensions of this project.At this point,Jeremy is in which stage of creative thought?

According to Psychologist Janet Davidson,the three abilities involved in insight are

Selective encoding is the

"Try to identify how the current state of affairs differs from the desired goal,and then find steps that will reduce the difference." This advice describes a

Expert chess players can automatically recognize 50,000 to 100,000 patterns,a level of skill that takes about how long to build up?

How long does it take for expertise in most areas to develop?

On tests of creativity,the total number of solutions produced indicates one's

Heuristics are problem-solving strategies which

When tested with the candle problem presented in your textbook,five-year-old children showed no signs of functional fixedness because compared to adults,the children

The city has asked for local citizens to send in creative solutions to the downtown parking problem.Emil's contribution states that the "City should use large coat hangers or helium balloons to suspend cars above the downtown area." Emil's solutions to the parking problem would be considered

On a creativity test,you are asked to list all the uses of a paper clip.Your total number of uses listed would be your__________ score.

Which of the following types of thought may contribute to creative problem-solving,but can also lead to thinking errors?

Decision-making often can be influenced by the way that a problem is stated or structured,which is referred to as

Regarding a custody matter,two judges are each given profiles of the two parents.One judge is asked,"Which parent should be awarded custody?" while the other judge is asked,"Which parent should be denied custody?" The judges are most likely see this custody situation differently because of the

Regarding intuitive thought,which of the following statements is FALSE?

According to Davidson,a person who is able to ignore distractions and focus on information necessary to solve a problem is good at

The way a question is stated before problem-solving begins can affect decision making and is known as

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology

B: Applied Psychology

C: Applied Psychology