Exam 11: Personality

Suppose you develop a new self-report measure of the broad personality trait of extraversion. Distinguish between reliability and validity. Describe how you would establish the reliability and validity of your new test.

Hans Eysenck suggested that a person's level of introversion or extraversion relates to the level of activation in that person's brain's reticular formation.

One of the first psychologists to theorize about the potential effects of birth order was:

During the oral stage of psychosexual development, potential conflict centers on weaning.

Dustin believes that landing a good job largely depends on luck and the overall state of the economy. Jennifer believes that getting her "dream job" depends mainly on her education, job search skills, and attitude. Dustin displays an _____ locus of control, whereas Jennifer exhibits an _____ locus of control.

Which statement BEST expresses the relationship between personality and character?

How do the theories of the neo-Freudian psychoanalytic theorists differ from Freud's views? Identify two neo-Freudians and describe some of their major contributions to psychological theory.

Freud based his theories largely on the results of survey research.

Stephanie smokes cigarettes and tends to overeat; Saul is rigid, organized, and stingy; Shirley is flirtatious, promiscuous, and seems to have little regard for "the rules." Which choice correctly matches each individual with the psychosexual stage at which he or she is fixated?

Bradley knows that an "A" on tomorrow's final examination is critical if he hopes to keep his scholarship. He feels confident that he is well-prepared and knows the material inside and out. Which phrase would Julian Rotter use to summarize Bradley's situation?

_____ reliability refers to the consistency of a test's results when it is scored by more than one person.

A measure that is not valid gives inconsistent results.

Dr. Delmonte develops a questionnaire to assess the personality trait of impulsivity among adults. In a journal article, she presents evidence that college students tend to get essentially the same score if they take the test twice, 2 months apart. However, when a reviewer examines the sample questionnaire items included in the article, it seems that they relate more to whether a person is sociable, outgoing, and fun-loving than to whether an individual is impulsive. Dr. Delmonte's questionnaire may lack:

Barry is looking at an abstract collage of colors, lines, and shapes, trying to come up with an interpretation of it. Barry may be taking a(n) _____ personality test.

Albert Bandura's criticisms of the traditional behavioral approach to personality were similar to Julian Rotter's.

The _____ consists of 20 cards with black-and-white illustrations of ambiguous scenes.

Rose Marie describes herself as an "ESTJ." Rose Marie is referring to her scores on the:

The textbook states that, "caregivers who place too much emphasis on rules . . . [and ignore] a child's innate goodness can create conditions of worth." Think back to the discussion of parenting styles in Chapter 8 of the textbook. Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is probably MOST likely to create conditions of worth?

Which is NOT one of the five-factor personality dimensions?

Liz has become more responsive to her partner's advances since she noticed an attractive woman moved in next door. Liz is using a defense mechanism called: