Exam 18: The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

Which of the following pairs of traits represents analogous characteristics?

Structures present in two different species that both have been inherited from a common ancestor are said to exhibit ________.

Which of these is a correct order of taxonomic categories from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Temporal and behavioral isolation are examples of premating isolating mechanisms.Mechanical isolation,gametic isolation,and hybrid inviability are examples of postmating isolating mechanisms.Premating isolating mechanisms are considered much more important in keeping closely related species genetically separate than are postmating isolating mechanisms.Do you agree? Why or why not?

If a hybrid is unable to produce sperm because meiosis does not proceed correctly,gene flow between the populations is restricted by:

The taxonomic science that stresses the presence of shared derived characters in related organisms is called ________.

What causes geographic isolation for one kind of organism may not be isolating for another kind of organism.

Which of the following situations describes a scenario in which allopatric speciation might occur?

Moss A produces gametes in May,and moss B produces gametes in June.This is an example of a/an ________ isolating mechanism.

When the London underground (subway)system was built in the nineteenth century,mosquitoes moved into the tunnels and became adapted to biting the customers and small animals that inhabit the subway system.Like people,mosquitoes can freely enter and leave through the tunnel entrances.Recently,DNA analysis and attempts to cross-breed above-ground mosquitoes with underground mosquitoes indicate that there are now two different species.The underground insects are visibly larger.Which term best describes what has happened?

When an insect arrives on an island and evolves into a new species that is different from its ancestor on the mainland,the two species are kept apart by ________ isolation.

Interbreeding two different species of lovebirds produces offspring unable to build a nest after they mature because they lack the innate knowledge needed to carry the nesting materials.The hybrid offspring do not reproduce,and this limits genetic mixing of the two species.This is an example of:

Two species of pines,Pinus radiata and Pinus muricota,live together in California and are capable of forming hybrids under laboratory conditions.However,they do not interbreed because one releases pollen in February and the other in April.What is the genetic isolating mechanism involved?

It is desirable for a classification system to be based on the evolutionary history of the organisms being studied.

It has been decided,by a group of scientific experts,that lack of internal temperature regulation,presence of waterproof skin made of scales,and a waterproof egg are the three main characteristics that should be used to classify organisms as reptiles.This decision is most consistent with:

Pollen of one plant species will not germinate on the flower of another species.This is an example of:

Which of the following would be an example of mechanical isolation?

Even through they are separate species,lions and tigers can interbreed.

Where would a researcher most likely find examples of allopatric speciation?

If hybrid organisms result from the mating of two different species,they may not live long.This is an example of: