Question 1

Which of the following is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The closer a person is to his or her goal, the more likely frustration is to foster aggression. 
B)  The more unexpected the frustration, the more likely it is to lead to aggression. 
C)  The size, strength, and ability to retaliate of the person responsible for the frustration influence whether not frustration will tend to lead to aggression. 
D)  A frustration that has an excuse or justification is no more likely to lead to aggression than no frustration at all; only unjustified frustrations lead to aggression. 
A)  The closer a person is to his or her goal, the more likely frustration is to foster aggression. 
B)  The more unexpected the frustration, the more likely it is to lead to aggression. 
C)  The size, strength, and ability to retaliate of the person responsible for the frustration influence whether not frustration will tend to lead to aggression. 
D)  A frustration that has an excuse or justification is no more likely to lead to aggression than no frustration at all; only unjustified frustrations lead to aggression.

Question 2

According to research presented by the authors of your text, humans' two closest primate relatives (sharing 98 percent of DNA with humans) are the ________, known for their aggressive nature, and the ________, known for their peaceful nature.

Accepted Answer

A) bonobos; chimpanzees 
B) pygmy chimps; bonobos 
C) chimpanzees; bonobos 
D) bonobos; pygmy chimps 
A) bonobos; chimpanzees 
B) pygmy chimps; bonobos 
C) chimpanzees; bonobos 
D) bonobos; pygmy chimps

Question 3

Dehumanizing an enemy (e.g., referring to Germans as "Krauts" or Japanese as "Nips" or "Japs" during World War II or referring to Vietnamese as "gooks" during the Vietnam War) can contribute to further aggression and even wartime atrocities by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing frustration. 
B)  reducing our ability to empathize. 
C)  increasing cognitive dissonance. 
D)  increasing inhibitions. 
A)  increasing frustration. 
B)  reducing our ability to empathize. 
C)  increasing cognitive dissonance. 
D)  increasing inhibitions.

Question 4

Evolutionary explanations for behavior are controversial for several reasons.Nonetheless, how true are the evolutionary explanations for aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) Experiments have been conducted, so they are proven facts. 
B) The theory has been supported by substantial experimental research. 
C) All the research is correlational, so they are speculations. 
D) There is no data to support evolutionary explanations, so they have been disproven. 
A) Experiments have been conducted, so they are proven facts. 
B) The theory has been supported by substantial experimental research. 
C) All the research is correlational, so they are speculations. 
D) There is no data to support evolutionary explanations, so they have been disproven.

Question 5

To try and increase a child's ability to take the perspective of others and hence increase his or her empathic concern, one could ask that child to answer questions like

Accepted Answer

A)  "What would each person in your house like best for Christmas?" 
B)  "Who is the most helpful person you know?" 
C)  "What benefits do you get when you help other people?" 
D)  "What is the Golden Rule?" 
A)  "What would each person in your house like best for Christmas?" 
B)  "Who is the most helpful person you know?" 
C)  "What benefits do you get when you help other people?" 
D)  "What is the Golden Rule?"

Question 6

Researchers (Barker, Dembo, & Lewin, 1941) frustrated some children in a study by making them view attractive toys that were kept out of their reach.Based on research presented in the chapter, what is most likely to happen when they did allow the children to play with the toys? They found that these frustrated children were more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  play with the forbidden toys longer. 
B)  ignore the forbidden toys. 
C)  act aggressively with the toys. 
D)  aggress toward the adult experimenters. 
A)  play with the forbidden toys longer. 
B)  ignore the forbidden toys. 
C)  act aggressively with the toys. 
D)  aggress toward the adult experimenters.

Question 7

What, according to the social-psychological point of view, is inherited about aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  nothing; aggression is completely learned from one's parents, peers, and culture 
B)  a tendency to respond to provocation against an aggressor, which can be overridden 
C)  fixed action patterns of responding to certain "trigger" cues 
D)  patterns of threat and attack in response to challenge 
A)  nothing; aggression is completely learned from one's parents, peers, and culture 
B)  a tendency to respond to provocation against an aggressor, which can be overridden 
C)  fixed action patterns of responding to certain "trigger" cues 
D)  patterns of threat and attack in response to challenge

Question 8

When children were randomly assigned to watch either a violent film or an exciting film about bicycle racing and then played floor hockey (Josephson, 1987), children who

Accepted Answer

A)  were aggressive to begin with and watched the violent film were the most aggressive. 
B)  had never been aggressive became the most aggressive after watching the violent film. 
C)  watched the violent film used verbal aggression, but not physical aggression. 
D)  watched the bicycle race became frustrated and actually behaved more aggressively. 
A)  were aggressive to begin with and watched the violent film were the most aggressive. 
B)  had never been aggressive became the most aggressive after watching the violent film. 
C)  watched the violent film used verbal aggression, but not physical aggression. 
D)  watched the bicycle race became frustrated and actually behaved more aggressively.

Question 9

Recall that participants in a research experiment presented in the text were insulted by an alleged medical technician and that those who were allowed to vent their hostility to the technician's supervisor subsequently felt even greater dislike and hostility towards the technician than did those who did not get a chance to complain.This increase in dislike after complaining is most likely due to

Accepted Answer

A)  dissonance reduction processes. 
B)  the anchoring/adjustment heuristic. 
C)  the frustration-aggression effect. 
D)  social learning theory. 
A)  dissonance reduction processes. 
B)  the anchoring/adjustment heuristic. 
C)  the frustration-aggression effect. 
D)  social learning theory.

Question 10

Author Eliot Aronson (2000) suggests that the Columbine massacre was not simply a product of deviant individuals.Although certainly not excusing this behavior, he points to the role of ________ as a significant factor in the recent spate of school shootings.

Accepted Answer

A)  the increase in violence on television 
B)  a school atmosphere of exclusion and mockery 
C)  the information on weaponry easily available over the internet 
D)  an increase in school testing and consequent frustration 
A)  the increase in violence on television 
B)  a school atmosphere of exclusion and mockery 
C)  the information on weaponry easily available over the internet 
D)  an increase in school testing and consequent frustration

Question 11

________ theory can be used to explain why participants will derogate victims after they have done those victims physical or psychological harm.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive dissonance 
B)  Self-affirmation 
C)  Social learning 
D)  Psychoanalytic 
A)  Cognitive dissonance 
B)  Self-affirmation 
C)  Social learning 
D)  Psychoanalytic

Question 12

Suzanne is a master of relationship aggression.Her tools for being aggressive would include

Accepted Answer

A)  spreading rumors. 
B)  punching. 
C)  stealing. 
D)  hitting. 
A)  spreading rumors. 
B)  punching. 
C)  stealing. 
D)  hitting.

Question 13

According to evolutionary psychologists, aggression may be (or may have been) adaptive in humans.Explain how aggression could help a male pass on his genes.

Accepted Answer

There are two proposed reasons as to how

Question 14

In Bandura's famous "Bobo" doll study, he had some children watch a woman aggress against an inflated doll, while other children did not watch an aggressive act.Bandura found that the children who watched someone beat up the doll were later

Accepted Answer

A) just as likely as the control-group children to aggress against a similar doll. 
B) less likely than control-group children to behave aggressively against a similar doll. 
C) more likely than control-group children to behave aggressively against a similar doll. 
D) likely to behave more aggressively in general. 
A) just as likely as the control-group children to aggress against a similar doll. 
B) less likely than control-group children to behave aggressively against a similar doll. 
C) more likely than control-group children to behave aggressively against a similar doll. 
D) likely to behave more aggressively in general.

Question 15

Researchers have found that testosterone levels are significantly higher in men ________, suggesting a ________ contribution to aggression in humans.

Accepted Answer

A)  from abusive homes; biological 
B)  convicted of violent crimes; biological 
C)  from lower socioeconomic backgrounds; social 
D)  convicted of property crimes; biological 
A)  from abusive homes; biological 
B)  convicted of violent crimes; biological 
C)  from lower socioeconomic backgrounds; social 
D)  convicted of property crimes; biological

Question 16

Most of the experimental evidence regarding violent media demonstrates that watching violence increases the frequency of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) aggressive behavior 
B) aggressive behavior and angry emotions 
C) aggressive behavior and hostile thoughts 
D) aggressive behavior, angry emotions, and hostile thoughts 
A) aggressive behavior 
B) aggressive behavior and angry emotions 
C) aggressive behavior and hostile thoughts 
D) aggressive behavior, angry emotions, and hostile thoughts

Question 17

Explain the nature of the gender differences in aggression in humans.

Accepted Answer

Men tend to be more physically aggressiv

Question 18

Chip and Dale get into a bitter fight over who owes what for their large phone bill.Chip is frustrated that Dale won't see his side of the argument.Which of the following will increase the odds that Chip will resort to physical aggression against Dale? Dale

Accepted Answer

A)  pulls out his checkbook, but then refuses to write the check to Chip. 
B)  admits that he might have forgotten a few of his long-distance calls. 
C)  outweighs Chip by twenty-five pounds. 
D)  is the only legal tenant of the apartment. 
A)  pulls out his checkbook, but then refuses to write the check to Chip. 
B)  admits that he might have forgotten a few of his long-distance calls. 
C)  outweighs Chip by twenty-five pounds. 
D)  is the only legal tenant of the apartment.

Question 19

According to research presented in the chapter, what do exposure to media violence and guns have in common in terms of aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both prime aggressive tendencies. 
B)  Both are used by females more often than males. 
C)  Both require practice to use effectively. 
D)  Both demonstrate status to others in the group. 
A)  Both prime aggressive tendencies. 
B)  Both are used by females more often than males. 
C)  Both require practice to use effectively. 
D)  Both demonstrate status to others in the group.

Question 20

According to evolutionary theory, some psychologists argue that men are programmed to be aggressive.What is their explanation for this claim?

Accepted Answer

A) Men are stronger than women, thus more aggressive. 
B) Men are socialized to be more aggressive. 
C) Aggression may help men perpetuate their genes. 
D) Acts of aggression and violence are attractive to many women. 
A) Men are stronger than women, thus more aggressive. 
B) Men are socialized to be more aggressive. 
C) Aggression may help men perpetuate their genes. 
D) Acts of aggression and violence are attractive to many women.

Which of the following is FALSE?

According to research presented by the authors of your text, humans' two closest primate relatives (sharing 98 percent of DNA with humans) are the , known for their aggressive nature, and the , known for their peaceful nature.

Dehumanizing an enemy (e.g., referring to Germans as "Krauts" or Japanese as "Nips" or "Japs" during World War II or referring to Vietnamese as "gooks" during the Vietnam War) can contribute to further aggression and even wartime atrocities by

Evolutionary explanations for behavior are controversial for several reasons.Nonetheless, how true are the evolutionary explanations for aggression?

To try and increase a child's ability to take the perspective of others and hence increase his or her empathic concern, one could ask that child to answer questions like

What, according to the social-psychological point of view, is inherited about aggression?

When children were randomly assigned to watch either a violent film or an exciting film about bicycle racing and then played floor hockey (Josephson, 1987), children who

Author Eliot Aronson (2000) suggests that the Columbine massacre was not simply a product of deviant individuals.Although certainly not excusing this behavior, he points to the role of ________ as a significant factor in the recent spate of school shootings.

________ theory can be used to explain why participants will derogate victims after they have done those victims physical or psychological harm.

Suzanne is a master of relationship aggression.Her tools for being aggressive would include

According to evolutionary psychologists, aggression may be (or may have been) adaptive in humans.Explain how aggression could help a male pass on his genes.

In Bandura's famous "Bobo" doll study, he had some children watch a woman aggress against an inflated doll, while other children did not watch an aggressive act.Bandura found that the children who watched someone beat up the doll were later

Researchers have found that testosterone levels are significantly higher in men , suggesting a contribution to aggression in humans.

Most of the experimental evidence regarding violent media demonstrates that watching violence increases the frequency of which of the following?

Explain the nature of the gender differences in aggression in humans.

Chip and Dale get into a bitter fight over who owes what for their large phone bill.Chip is frustrated that Dale won't see his side of the argument.Which of the following will increase the odds that Chip will resort to physical aggression against Dale? Dale

According to research presented in the chapter, what do exposure to media violence and guns have in common in terms of aggression?

According to evolutionary theory, some psychologists argue that men are programmed to be aggressive.What is their explanation for this claim?

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Prejudice: Causes Consequences and Cures

Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Exam 12: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Which of the following is FALSE?

According to research presented by the authors of your text, humans' two closest primate relatives (sharing 98 percent of DNA with humans) are the ________, known for their aggressive nature, and the ________, known for their peaceful nature.

Dehumanizing an enemy (e.g., referring to Germans as "Krauts" or Japanese as "Nips" or "Japs" during World War II or referring to Vietnamese as "gooks" during the Vietnam War) can contribute to further aggression and even wartime atrocities by

Evolutionary explanations for behavior are controversial for several reasons.Nonetheless, how true are the evolutionary explanations for aggression?

To try and increase a child's ability to take the perspective of others and hence increase his or her empathic concern, one could ask that child to answer questions like

What, according to the social-psychological point of view, is inherited about aggression?

When children were randomly assigned to watch either a violent film or an exciting film about bicycle racing and then played floor hockey (Josephson, 1987), children who

Author Eliot Aronson (2000) suggests that the Columbine massacre was not simply a product of deviant individuals.Although certainly not excusing this behavior, he points to the role of ________ as a significant factor in the recent spate of school shootings.

________ theory can be used to explain why participants will derogate victims after they have done those victims physical or psychological harm.

Suzanne is a master of relationship aggression.Her tools for being aggressive would include

According to evolutionary psychologists, aggression may be (or may have been) adaptive in humans.Explain how aggression could help a male pass on his genes.

In Bandura's famous "Bobo" doll study, he had some children watch a woman aggress against an inflated doll, while other children did not watch an aggressive act.Bandura found that the children who watched someone beat up the doll were later

Researchers have found that testosterone levels are significantly higher in men ________, suggesting a ________ contribution to aggression in humans.

Most of the experimental evidence regarding violent media demonstrates that watching violence increases the frequency of which of the following?

Explain the nature of the gender differences in aggression in humans.

Chip and Dale get into a bitter fight over who owes what for their large phone bill.Chip is frustrated that Dale won't see his side of the argument.Which of the following will increase the odds that Chip will resort to physical aggression against Dale? Dale

According to research presented in the chapter, what do exposure to media violence and guns have in common in terms of aggression?

According to evolutionary theory, some psychologists argue that men are programmed to be aggressive.What is their explanation for this claim?

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Prejudice: Causes Consequences and Cures

Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

According to research presented by the authors of your text, humans' two closest primate relatives (sharing 98 percent of DNA with humans) are the , known for their aggressive nature, and the , known for their peaceful nature.

Researchers have found that testosterone levels are significantly higher in men , suggesting a contribution to aggression in humans.