Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the four clusters of symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Recurrent reexperiencing of the traumatic event 
B)  Exposure to a traumatic event 
C)  Persistent symptoms of increased arousal 
D)  Avoidance of trauma-related stimuli 
E)  Repeated and unwanted thoughts 
A)  Recurrent reexperiencing of the traumatic event 
B)  Exposure to a traumatic event 
C)  Persistent symptoms of increased arousal 
D)  Avoidance of trauma-related stimuli 
E)  Repeated and unwanted thoughts E

Question 2

Panic is defined as an extreme ___________ reaction that is triggered by a(n) ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anxiety; future-oriented threat 
B)  emotional; perceived threat 
C)  fear; false alarm 
D)  anxiety; false alarm 
E)  emotional; imagined threat 
A)  anxiety; future-oriented threat 
B)  emotional; perceived threat 
C)  fear; false alarm 
D)  anxiety; false alarm 
E)  emotional; imagined threat C

Question 3

According to DSM-IV-TR, a(n) __________ is defined as a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort accompanied by at least 4 of the 13 somatic, behavioural and cognitive symptoms listed (such as palpitations and fear of dying).

Accepted Answer

A)  panic attack 
B)  anxiety attack 
C)  panic episode 
D)  acute attack 
E)  anxiety episode 
A)  panic attack 
B)  anxiety attack 
C)  panic episode 
D)  acute attack 
E)  anxiety episode A

Question 4

What two reasons does the Cognitive-Behavioral model advance to explain why compulsions tend to persist and to be excessive? Provide an example consistent with these two reasons.

Accepted Answer

1) They are negatively reinfor

Question 5

Cognitive factors associated with social phobia appear to involve

Accepted Answer

A)  normal social information processing but negative beliefs about self and others. 
B)  abnormal social information processing despite generally positive beliefs about self and others. 
C)  abnormal social information processing. 
D)  abnormal social information processing and negative beliefs about self and others. 
E)  negative beliefs about self and others. 
A)  normal social information processing but negative beliefs about self and others. 
B)  abnormal social information processing despite generally positive beliefs about self and others. 
C)  abnormal social information processing. 
D)  abnormal social information processing and negative beliefs about self and others. 
E)  negative beliefs about self and others.

Question 6

The nonassociative model of phobias claims that

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution endowed humans not to respond fearfully to any kind of stimuli and that learning was necessary for very specific phobias to develop. 
B)  evolution endowed humans to respond fearfully to a select group of stimuli but that learning is necessary to develop the phobia. 
C)  evolution endowed humans to respond fearfully to a select group of stimuli but that learning is not necessary to develop the phobia. 
D)  evolution endowed humans to respond fearfully to any kind of stimuli but that personal experience was necessary for a phobia to develop. 
E)  evolution endowed humans not to respond fearfully to any kind of stimuli and that personal experience is necessary for a phobia to develop. 
A)  evolution endowed humans not to respond fearfully to any kind of stimuli and that learning was necessary for very specific phobias to develop. 
B)  evolution endowed humans to respond fearfully to a select group of stimuli but that learning is necessary to develop the phobia. 
C)  evolution endowed humans to respond fearfully to a select group of stimuli but that learning is not necessary to develop the phobia. 
D)  evolution endowed humans to respond fearfully to any kind of stimuli but that personal experience was necessary for a phobia to develop. 
E)  evolution endowed humans not to respond fearfully to any kind of stimuli and that personal experience is necessary for a phobia to develop.

Question 7

Support for the two-factor theory of fear was found in the case of __________, who developed a fear of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Little Albert, spiders 
B)  Little Hans; horses 
C)  Little Albert; horses 
D)  Little Albert; rats 
E)  Little Hans; spiders 
A)  Little Albert, spiders 
B)  Little Hans; horses 
C)  Little Albert; horses 
D)  Little Albert; rats 
E)  Little Hans; spiders

Question 8

__________ has a prevalence rate comparable to unipolar depression.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social phobia 
B)  PTSD 
C)  Generalized anxiety disorder 
D)  OCD 
E)  Panic disorder 
A)  Social phobia 
B)  PTSD 
C)  Generalized anxiety disorder 
D)  OCD 
E)  Panic disorder

Question 9

With regard to PTSD, two important and proposed changes in DSM-5 include:

Accepted Answer

A)  tighten the criteria such that fewer people can be diagnosed with PTSD; behaviorally specify a number of terms that are currently vague 
B)  add symptoms and behaviors to better incorporate the variety of reactions to trauma; distinguish between avoidance symptoms and negative alterations in cognition and mood 
C)  remove the criterion that the person be directly exposed to the traumatic event; create subtypes based on type of avoidance 
D)  increase the duration requirement to 2 months; broaden the way that impairment may manifest 
E)  increase the duration requirement to 6 months; broaden the way that impairment may manifest 
A)  tighten the criteria such that fewer people can be diagnosed with PTSD; behaviorally specify a number of terms that are currently vague 
B)  add symptoms and behaviors to better incorporate the variety of reactions to trauma; distinguish between avoidance symptoms and negative alterations in cognition and mood 
C)  remove the criterion that the person be directly exposed to the traumatic event; create subtypes based on type of avoidance 
D)  increase the duration requirement to 2 months; broaden the way that impairment may manifest 
E)  increase the duration requirement to 6 months; broaden the way that impairment may manifest

Question 10

We now know that GABA is the neurotransmitter system solely dedicated to the fear and anxiety response

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The role of GABA in anxiety was discovered after it was found that a class of drugs known as __________ reduce anxiety through their action on GABA.

Accepted Answer

A)  tricyclics 
B)  benzodiazepines 
C)  SSRIs 
D)  bicyclics 
E)  monoamine oxidase inhibitors 
A)  tricyclics 
B)  benzodiazepines 
C)  SSRIs 
D)  bicyclics 
E)  monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Question 12

The concept of biological preparedness helps to explain why

Accepted Answer

A)  learning to fear snakes is just as easy as learning to fear lamps. 
B)  it is impossible to develop two fears at the same time. 
C)  all stimuli have an equal potential for becoming specific phobias. 
D)  learning to fear snakes is easier than learning to fear lamps. 
E)  learning is not a necessary component in the development of phobias. 
A)  learning to fear snakes is just as easy as learning to fear lamps. 
B)  it is impossible to develop two fears at the same time. 
C)  all stimuli have an equal potential for becoming specific phobias. 
D)  learning to fear snakes is easier than learning to fear lamps. 
E)  learning is not a necessary component in the development of phobias.

Question 13

Family studies indicate that up to 50% of those suffering from anxiety disorders have an immediate family member who also suffers from an anxiety disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Salkovskis proposed that cognitive intrusions develop into obsessions only when intrusions are appraised as posing a threat for which the person is personally responsible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

According to the text, biological theories of anxiety emphasize all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroanatomy. 
B)  structural brain damage. 
C)  family history. 
D)  neurotransmitters. 
E)  genetics. 
A)  neuroanatomy. 
B)  structural brain damage. 
C)  family history. 
D)  neurotransmitters. 
E)  genetics.

Question 16

Proposed for DSM-5 is that the anxiety disorders will have which three categories?

Accepted Answer

A)  anxiety disorders; obsessive-compulsive-related disorders; and phobic disorders 
B)  anxiety disorders; obsessive-compulsive-related disorders; trauma-related disorders 
C)  obsessive-compulsive-related disorders; trauma-related disorders; phobic disorders 
D)  anxiety disorders; trauma-related disorders; phobic disorders 
E)  anxiety-related disorders; phobic disorders; hoarding-related disorders 
A)  anxiety disorders; obsessive-compulsive-related disorders; and phobic disorders 
B)  anxiety disorders; obsessive-compulsive-related disorders; trauma-related disorders 
C)  obsessive-compulsive-related disorders; trauma-related disorders; phobic disorders 
D)  anxiety disorders; trauma-related disorders; phobic disorders 
E)  anxiety-related disorders; phobic disorders; hoarding-related disorders

Question 17

Research on disgust sensitivity supports the notion that

Accepted Answer

A)  the fear of death is also an important component. 
B)  the cause of phobias may not always involve only fear of danger. 
C)  other emotions, such as anger, are necessary, for some phobias. 
D)  the cause of phobias must also always include a fear of contamination. 
E)  beliefs about being harmed are critical to the onset of some phobias. 
A)  the fear of death is also an important component. 
B)  the cause of phobias may not always involve only fear of danger. 
C)  other emotions, such as anger, are necessary, for some phobias. 
D)  the cause of phobias must also always include a fear of contamination. 
E)  beliefs about being harmed are critical to the onset of some phobias.

Question 18

The rationale underlying systematic desensitization is that

Accepted Answer

A)  anxiety is due to uncontrollable thoughts or worries. 
B)  anxiety is an outcome of an abnormally functioning HPA-axis. 
C)  anxiety is a learned or conditioned response. 
D)  anxiety is due to a history of child abuse. 
E)  anxiety is due to poor interpersonal skills. 
A)  anxiety is due to uncontrollable thoughts or worries. 
B)  anxiety is an outcome of an abnormally functioning HPA-axis. 
C)  anxiety is a learned or conditioned response. 
D)  anxiety is due to a history of child abuse. 
E)  anxiety is due to poor interpersonal skills.

Question 19

To qualify for a diagnosis of PTSD the individual must display symptoms for longer than __________ following a traumatic event.

Accepted Answer

A)  one year 
B)  1 month 
C)  3 months 
D)  6 months 
E)  five years 
A)  one year 
B)  1 month 
C)  3 months 
D)  6 months 
E)  five years

Question 20

Virtual reality technologies have become particularly useful in

Accepted Answer

A)  exposure therapies. 
B)  cognitive therapies. 
C)  psychodynamic therapy. 
D)  drug therapy. 
E)  cognitive and drug therapies. 
A)  exposure therapies. 
B)  cognitive therapies. 
C)  psychodynamic therapy. 
D)  drug therapy. 
E)  cognitive and drug therapies.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four clusters of symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder?

Panic is defined as an extreme _ reaction that is triggered by a(n) ____.

According to DSM-IV-TR, a(n) __________ is defined as a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort accompanied by at least 4 of the 13 somatic, behavioural and cognitive symptoms listed (such as palpitations and fear of dying).

What two reasons does the Cognitive-Behavioral model advance to explain why compulsions tend to persist and to be excessive? Provide an example consistent with these two reasons.

Cognitive factors associated with social phobia appear to involve

The nonassociative model of phobias claims that

Support for the two-factor theory of fear was found in the case of , who developed a fear of .

__________ has a prevalence rate comparable to unipolar depression.

With regard to PTSD, two important and proposed changes in DSM-5 include:

We now know that GABA is the neurotransmitter system solely dedicated to the fear and anxiety response

The role of GABA in anxiety was discovered after it was found that a class of drugs known as __________ reduce anxiety through their action on GABA.

The concept of biological preparedness helps to explain why

Family studies indicate that up to 50% of those suffering from anxiety disorders have an immediate family member who also suffers from an anxiety disorder.

Salkovskis proposed that cognitive intrusions develop into obsessions only when intrusions are appraised as posing a threat for which the person is personally responsible.

According to the text, biological theories of anxiety emphasize all of the following except

Proposed for DSM-5 is that the anxiety disorders will have which three categories?

Research on disgust sensitivity supports the notion that

The rationale underlying systematic desensitization is that

To qualify for a diagnosis of PTSD the individual must display symptoms for longer than __________ following a traumatic event.

Virtual reality technologies have become particularly useful in

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Classification and Diagnosis

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Developmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Mental Disorders and Aging

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

Exam 5: Anxiety and Related Disorders

Which of the following is NOT one of the four clusters of symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder?

Panic is defined as an extreme ___________ reaction that is triggered by a(n) ______________.

According to DSM-IV-TR, a(n) __________ is defined as a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort accompanied by at least 4 of the 13 somatic, behavioural and cognitive symptoms listed (such as palpitations and fear of dying).

What two reasons does the Cognitive-Behavioral model advance to explain why compulsions tend to persist and to be excessive? Provide an example consistent with these two reasons.

Cognitive factors associated with social phobia appear to involve

The nonassociative model of phobias claims that

Support for the two-factor theory of fear was found in the case of __________, who developed a fear of __________.

__________ has a prevalence rate comparable to unipolar depression.

With regard to PTSD, two important and proposed changes in DSM-5 include:

We now know that GABA is the neurotransmitter system solely dedicated to the fear and anxiety response

The role of GABA in anxiety was discovered after it was found that a class of drugs known as __________ reduce anxiety through their action on GABA.

The concept of biological preparedness helps to explain why

Family studies indicate that up to 50% of those suffering from anxiety disorders have an immediate family member who also suffers from an anxiety disorder.

Salkovskis proposed that cognitive intrusions develop into obsessions only when intrusions are appraised as posing a threat for which the person is personally responsible.

According to the text, biological theories of anxiety emphasize all of the following except

Proposed for DSM-5 is that the anxiety disorders will have which three categories?

Research on disgust sensitivity supports the notion that

The rationale underlying systematic desensitization is that

To qualify for a diagnosis of PTSD the individual must display symptoms for longer than __________ following a traumatic event.

Virtual reality technologies have become particularly useful in

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Classification and Diagnosis

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Developmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Mental Disorders and Aging

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

Panic is defined as an extreme _ reaction that is triggered by a(n) ____.

Support for the two-factor theory of fear was found in the case of , who developed a fear of .