Exam 15: The Ever-Changing Us Mosaic

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Ethnic identity and assimilation are both influenced by educational achievement.

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Immigration lowered wages for U.S. workers because immigrants and low-skilled U.S. workers fill the same roles in the economy.

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Explain the "ethnic tribalism" argument regarding bilingual education.

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The "ethnic tribalism" argument regarding bilingual education is a perspective that suggests that promoting bilingual education may lead to the reinforcement of ethnic tribalism within a society. Proponents of this argument believe that by encouraging the use of multiple languages in educational settings, it may inadvertently perpetuate divisions between different ethnic or cultural groups. They argue that allowing students to be instructed in their native language alongside the dominant language of the country could lead to the formation of separate linguistic and cultural communities, which could potentially lead to social fragmentation and conflict.

Critics of this argument, however, argue that promoting bilingual education is not about fostering ethnic tribalism, but rather about recognizing and respecting the linguistic and cultural diversity within a society. They argue that bilingual education can actually promote inclusivity and understanding between different ethnic groups by allowing students to learn and maintain their native language while also acquiring proficiency in the dominant language of the society. Additionally, bilingual education can also provide opportunities for cross-cultural exchange and collaboration, ultimately contributing to a more cohesive and harmonious society.

Overall, the "ethnic tribalism" argument regarding bilingual education is a complex and contested issue, with proponents and critics offering differing perspectives on the potential impact of bilingual education on ethnic and cultural dynamics within a society.

Most Asian and Hispanic Americans are too recently part of U.S. society to apply the three-generation hypothesis.

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As of January 2013, how many states have passed English-only legislation?

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__________ assumes that the second generation perceives its ethnicity as a disadvantage in being accepted in U.S. society.

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What factors make it easy for recent immigrants to have plural identities, including dual citizenship?

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Discuss the divergent views about the three-generation hypothesis. Use examples to construct an argument for or against the hypothesis.

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__________ play(s) an important role in segmented assimilation.

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Today, most undocumented migrants are coming from __________.

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According to recent public-opinion polls, Americans have __________ opinions about immigration.

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The three-generation hypothesis suggests that __________.

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Echoing xenophobic fears of earlier generations, immigration opponents worry that U.S. citizens will lose control of the country to foreigners.

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Opponents of multiculturalism argue that __________.

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Studies show that immigrants __________.

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Generally speaking, the number of school children speaking a language other than English in the United States has ___________ in recent decades.

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In its early phase, during the 1970s, __________ meant including material in the school curriculum that related the contributions of non-European peoples to U.S. history.

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According to Hansen, the process of assimilation is__________.

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Over __________ million immigrant children who speak a language other than English at home presently are enrolled in public schools.

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African Americans express __________ through such elements as musical styles, fashion and dress styles, cuisine, etc.

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