Question 1

Muscarinic receptors respond to​

Accepted Answer

A) muscarine, a substance found in tobacco, and acetylcholine. 
B) muscarine, a substance found in some mushrooms, and acetylcholine. 
C) muscarine, nicotine, and acetylcholine. 
D) acetylcholine only. 
A) muscarine, a substance found in tobacco, and acetylcholine. 
B) muscarine, a substance found in some mushrooms, and acetylcholine. 
C) muscarine, nicotine, and acetylcholine. 
D) acetylcholine only.

Question 2

Monoamine oxidase would break down all of the following neurotransmitters except​

Accepted Answer

A) serotonin. 
B) epinephrine. 
C) norepinephrine. 
D) acetylcholine (ACh). 
A) serotonin. 
B) epinephrine. 
C) norepinephrine. 
D) acetylcholine (ACh).

Question 3

Botulinum,and its deactivated version Botox,causes muscle paralysis by​

Accepted Answer

A) interfering with the synthesis of ACh. 
B) preventing the release of ACh. 
C) blocking ACh receptors. 
D) blocking the action of acetylcholinesterase. 
A) interfering with the synthesis of ACh. 
B) preventing the release of ACh. 
C) blocking ACh receptors. 
D) blocking the action of acetylcholinesterase.

Question 4

Modern antidepressants such as fluoxetine (Prozac)exert their effects by​

Accepted Answer

A) promoting serotonin synthesis. 
B) enhancing serotonin release. 
C) inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin. 
D) activating serotonin receptors. 
A) promoting serotonin synthesis. 
B) enhancing serotonin release. 
C) inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin. 
D) activating serotonin receptors.

Question 5

Describe the action of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)in the brain,and relate this mode of action to the behavioral effects of the drug.​

Accepted Answer

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a po

Question 6

Which of the following neurotransmitters undergoes its final synthesis step within synaptic vesicles?​

Accepted Answer

A) ACh 
B) norepinephrine 
C) epinephrine 
D) dopamine 
A) ACh 
B) norepinephrine 
C) epinephrine 
D) dopamine

Question 7

This chemical is released from a neuron and diffuses away to influence neurons somewhat distant from the releasing neuron.The chemical is a(n)​

Accepted Answer

A) neurotransmitter. 
B) neuromodulator. 
C) neurohormone. 
D) enzyme. 
A) neurotransmitter. 
B) neuromodulator. 
C) neurohormone. 
D) enzyme.

Question 8

Caffeine use is correlated with lower rates of​

Accepted Answer

A) Parkinson's disease. 
B) Alzheimer's disease. 
C) Huntington's disease. 
D) multiple sclerosis. 
A) Parkinson's disease. 
B) Alzheimer's disease. 
C) Huntington's disease. 
D) multiple sclerosis.

Question 9

In posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),people often feel hypervigilant,or unable to relax even when they're in a very safe situation.Which of the following neurotransmitters might be involved in this unusual state?​

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine 
B) serotonin 
C) dopamine 
D) norepinephrine 
A) acetylcholine 
B) serotonin 
C) dopamine 
D) norepinephrine

Question 10

Within the brain,nitric oxide (NO)​

Accepted Answer

A) does not appear to play an important role in any system. 
B) appears to play an important role in regulating breathing and blood pressure. 
C) appears to play an important role in higher cognitive functions, such as attention. 
D) appears to play an important role in regulating sensory input to the cortex. 
A) does not appear to play an important role in any system. 
B) appears to play an important role in regulating breathing and blood pressure. 
C) appears to play an important role in higher cognitive functions, such as attention. 
D) appears to play an important role in regulating sensory input to the cortex.

Question 11

Suppose that a researcher has developed a new drug for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.How would you design an appropriate test to ensure that the drug was effective?​

Accepted Answer

To ensure that the new drug for the trea

Question 12

In a medication trial,a participant with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)acted very relaxed and focused after trying a new medication that he believed would calm him down.However,the "medication" was really just a sugar pill.Given what you've learned in this chapter,which of the following explanations makes the most sense?​

Accepted Answer

A) This would not have happened, because you have to have had a drug in order to feel its effects. 
B) This could happen because the placebo effect is real and can result in actual physical symptoms. 
C) The only way this could happen would be if the participant really didn't have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADH
D) . 
D) The participant didn't really feel relaxed and focused, but didn't want to disappoint the doctors. 
A) This would not have happened, because you have to have had a drug in order to feel its effects. 
B) This could happen because the placebo effect is real and can result in actual physical symptoms. 
C) The only way this could happen would be if the participant really didn't have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADH
D) . 
D) The participant didn't really feel relaxed and focused, but didn't want to disappoint the doctors.

Question 13

When NMDA channels are opened,they allow the passage of charged _________ ions.​

Accepted Answer

A) chloride 
B) sodium and chloride 
C) calcium 
D) sodium and calcium 
A) chloride 
B) sodium and chloride 
C) calcium 
D) sodium and calcium

Question 14

Professor Stevenson and his colleagues observed the motor behavior of children following the administration of a drink with food additives or a drink without the additives.Neither the children nor their observers knew which kind of drink each consumed.This experimental procedure is designed to control for

Accepted Answer

A) placebo effects. 
B) tolerance. 
C) withdrawal. 
D) the likelihood that some of the children might have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 
A) placebo effects. 
B) tolerance. 
C) withdrawal. 
D) the likelihood that some of the children might have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Question 15

LSD is structurally similar to the neurotransmitter​

Accepted Answer

A) dopamine. 
B) glutamate. 
C) serotonin. 
D) GABA. 
A) dopamine. 
B) glutamate. 
C) serotonin. 
D) GABA.

Question 16

(see Figure 4.11c)​
  
-This image illustrates the activation of which of the following types of receptor?​

Accepted Answer

A) an NMDA glutamate receptor 
B) a kainate glutamate receptor 
C) a nicotinic dopamine receptor 
D) a GABAA receptor 
A) an NMDA glutamate receptor 
B) a kainate glutamate receptor 
C) a nicotinic dopamine receptor 
D) a GABAA receptor

Question 17

Symptoms of caffeine withdrawal include​

Accepted Answer

A) cardiac arrhythmias. 
B) severe headaches. 
C) muscle tremors. 
D) lack of sleep. 
A) cardiac arrhythmias. 
B) severe headaches. 
C) muscle tremors. 
D) lack of sleep.

Question 18

Release of norepinephrine by cells in the locus coeruleus results in arousal and vigilance.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Lisa and Tom both weigh 160 pounds,and both consumed two beers in the last hour.What can we conclude about their blood alcohol levels?​

Accepted Answer

A) Because they are the same weight, both should have the same blood alcohol levels. 
B) Neither will show any evidence of having consumed alcohol, because one hour is plenty of time for a 160 lb. person to metabolize the alcohol contained in two beers. 
C) Tom's blood alcohol level will probably be higher than Lisa's, because alcohol is absorbed by fat, and women usually have more fat than men. 
D) Lisa's blood alcohol level will probably be higher than Tom's, because alcohol is diluted by muscle, and men usually have more muscle than women. 
A) Because they are the same weight, both should have the same blood alcohol levels. 
B) Neither will show any evidence of having consumed alcohol, because one hour is plenty of time for a 160 lb. person to metabolize the alcohol contained in two beers. 
C) Tom's blood alcohol level will probably be higher than Lisa's, because alcohol is absorbed by fat, and women usually have more fat than men. 
D) Lisa's blood alcohol level will probably be higher than Tom's, because alcohol is diluted by muscle, and men usually have more muscle than women.

Question 20

Endorphins are a type of neuropeptide.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Muscarinic receptors respond to

Monoamine oxidase would break down all of the following neurotransmitters except

Botulinum,and its deactivated version Botox,causes muscle paralysis by

Modern antidepressants such as fluoxetine (Prozac)exert their effects by

Describe the action of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)in the brain,and relate this mode of action to the behavioral effects of the drug.

Which of the following neurotransmitters undergoes its final synthesis step within synaptic vesicles?

This chemical is released from a neuron and diffuses away to influence neurons somewhat distant from the releasing neuron.The chemical is a(n)

Caffeine use is correlated with lower rates of

In posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),people often feel hypervigilant,or unable to relax even when they're in a very safe situation.Which of the following neurotransmitters might be involved in this unusual state?

Within the brain,nitric oxide (NO)

Suppose that a researcher has developed a new drug for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.How would you design an appropriate test to ensure that the drug was effective?

When NMDA channels are opened,they allow the passage of charged _________ ions.

LSD is structurally similar to the neurotransmitter

(see Figure 4.11c) -This image illustrates the activation of which of the following types of receptor?

Symptoms of caffeine withdrawal include

Release of norepinephrine by cells in the locus coeruleus results in arousal and vigilance.

Lisa and Tom both weigh 160 pounds,and both consumed two beers in the last hour.What can we conclude about their blood alcohol levels?

Endorphins are a type of neuropeptide.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: the Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis and Motivation

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Hemispheric Asymmetry, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

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Exam 4: Psychopharmacology