Question 1

​What is cultural relativism, and what role does it play in fieldwork?

Accepted Answer

Cultural relativism is the idea that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture, rather than be judged against the criteria of another. It is the principle of regarding the beliefs, values, and practices of a culture as understandable within its own context, rather than as inferior or superior to those of another culture.

In the field of anthropology and ethnography, cultural relativism plays a crucial role in fieldwork. When conducting research in a different culture, anthropologists and ethnographers must approach their subjects with an open mind and without imposing their own cultural biases. This means understanding and respecting the cultural norms, beliefs, and practices of the people they are studying, even if they may seem unfamiliar or contradictory to their own beliefs.

Cultural relativism allows researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the culture they are studying, as it encourages them to view the world from the perspective of the people they are studying. It helps to prevent ethnocentrism, which is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others. By embracing cultural relativism, fieldworkers can build rapport with their subjects, gain their trust, and gather more accurate and meaningful data about their culture. Overall, cultural relativism is essential in fieldwork as it promotes cultural sensitivity, understanding, and respect for diverse ways of life.

Question 2

Which of the following is most relevant to doing any kind of good anthropological research?

Accepted Answer

A) The number of interviews that the researcher can acquire while in the field 
B)  The quality of relationships with the people being studied 
C)  The amount of prior experience the researcher has had before any fieldwork occurs 
D)   The number of fieldworkers working within a site at any given time 
A) The number of interviews that the researcher can acquire while in the field 
B)  The quality of relationships with the people being studied 
C)  The amount of prior experience the researcher has had before any fieldwork occurs 
D)   The number of fieldworkers working within a site at any given time B

Question 3

Boas worked with museums to help them theoretically frame and contextualize the exhibition of artifacts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following is not associated with social evolutionary theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Idea of evolutionary types 
B)  Doctrine of superiority 
C)   Ethnocentrism 
D)   Cultural relativism 
A)   Idea of evolutionary types 
B)  Doctrine of superiority 
C)   Ethnocentrism 
D)   Cultural relativism

Question 5

New mapping techniques have expanded the historical reach of cultural anthropologists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Both Frank Cushing and Matilda Coxe Stevenson worked exclusively with the Hopi Indians in the U.S. Southwest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A mixture of fixed and open-ended questions in an interview is referred to as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)   retrospective interview. 
B)   informal interview. 
C)   mixed media interview. 
D)   semi-structured interview. 
A)   retrospective interview. 
B)   informal interview. 
C)   mixed media interview. 
D)   semi-structured interview.

Question 8

Social evolutionary theory was derived completely from Charles Darwin's theory of biological evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Participant observation is associated with all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)   a prolonged field stay, typically one year. 
B)   a relationship of trust and rapport with those studied. 
C)   a development of positive ethnocentrism for the native society. 
D)   permissions and acceptance from the people being studied. 
A)   a prolonged field stay, typically one year. 
B)   a relationship of trust and rapport with those studied. 
C)   a development of positive ethnocentrism for the native society. 
D)   permissions and acceptance from the people being studied.

Question 10

The concept (term) that refers to changes brought about through contact with other cultural groups is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   cultural holism. 
B)   cultural evolution. 
C)   cultural particularism. 
D)   cultural adaptation. 
A)   cultural holism. 
B)   cultural evolution. 
C)   cultural particularism. 
D)   cultural adaptation.

Question 11

When a semi-structured interview is focused on the historical past, it is called a reflective interview.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When William C. Young worked with the Rashaayda in the Sudan, he was:

Accepted Answer

A) Provided with a ready-made identity that he had to overcome in order to carry out his research. 
B) Measuring culture change since long-term studies began with this group in the 1950s. 
C) Using state-of-the-art fieldwork methods such as geographic information systems (GIS) and Human Terrain System (HTS). 
D) Involved in numerous ethical challenges because his father was a member of this nomadic pastoral group. 
A) Provided with a ready-made identity that he had to overcome in order to carry out his research. 
B) Measuring culture change since long-term studies began with this group in the 1950s. 
C) Using state-of-the-art fieldwork methods such as geographic information systems (GIS) and Human Terrain System (HTS). 
D) Involved in numerous ethical challenges because his father was a member of this nomadic pastoral group.

Question 13

Consulting work in anthropology is often associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)   applied anthropology. 
B)   archaeology. 
C)   ethnology. 
D)   cultural anthropology. 
A)   applied anthropology. 
B)   archaeology. 
C)   ethnology. 
D)   cultural anthropology.

Question 14

Describe the practices involved in contemporary fieldwork and how these have changed over the last century in anthropology.​

Accepted Answer

Contemporary fieldwork in anthropology i

Question 15

What is the primary critique against functionalism today as a theoretical approach?

Accepted Answer

A) The idea of a perfectly integrated and functional culture in a context of globalization is no longer as relevant. 
B) The approach that culture has function is no longer relevant as culture is something that is optional in our global world. 
C) The functional approach was based solely on indigenous societies and has no relevance at all to any urban societies. 
D) Functionalism is criticized today for its evolutionary approach classifying societies as more or less advanced. 
A) The idea of a perfectly integrated and functional culture in a context of globalization is no longer as relevant. 
B) The approach that culture has function is no longer relevant as culture is something that is optional in our global world. 
C) The functional approach was based solely on indigenous societies and has no relevance at all to any urban societies. 
D) Functionalism is criticized today for its evolutionary approach classifying societies as more or less advanced.

Question 16

The theory of structural-functionalism approached the study of society as a study on how:

Accepted Answer

A)  institutions and structures function to support and maintain society. 
B)  behaviors of individuals function to meet their basic needs. 
C) The function of society works as a cultural whole in order to structure cultures. 
D)   cultural holism allows for cultural adaptation. 
A)  institutions and structures function to support and maintain society. 
B)  behaviors of individuals function to meet their basic needs. 
C) The function of society works as a cultural whole in order to structure cultures. 
D)   cultural holism allows for cultural adaptation.

Question 17

What are the characteristics and advantages of a semi-structured interview?

Accepted Answer

​It utilizes open-ended and flexible que

Question 18

Name at least three primary incentives for Westward Expansion that affected U.S. citizens during the nineteenth century.​

Accepted Answer

​They include availability of

Question 19

Bea Medicine was an early anthropologist who worked with Native Americans. All of the following are associated with her work except:

Accepted Answer

A) Her goals as an anthropologist were to alleviate problems and provide self-help for native peoples. 
B) She served as the head of the Women's Branch of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples in Canada. 
C) Although she was born Lakota, she recognized that native peoples had to learn to operate effectively and accommodate to dominant society. 
D) She worked as an advocate for national museums in order to expand their collections of native artifacts. 
A) Her goals as an anthropologist were to alleviate problems and provide self-help for native peoples. 
B) She served as the head of the Women's Branch of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples in Canada. 
C) Although she was born Lakota, she recognized that native peoples had to learn to operate effectively and accommodate to dominant society. 
D) She worked as an advocate for national museums in order to expand their collections of native artifacts.

Question 20

Much of the early work in anthropology was supported and funded by the U.S. government.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What is cultural relativism, and what role does it play in fieldwork?

Which of the following is most relevant to doing any kind of good anthropological research?

Boas worked with museums to help them theoretically frame and contextualize the exhibition of artifacts.

Which of the following is not associated with social evolutionary theory?

New mapping techniques have expanded the historical reach of cultural anthropologists.

Both Frank Cushing and Matilda Coxe Stevenson worked exclusively with the Hopi Indians in the U.S. Southwest.

A mixture of fixed and open-ended questions in an interview is referred to as a(n):

Social evolutionary theory was derived completely from Charles Darwin's theory of biological evolution.

Participant observation is associated with all of the following except:

The concept (term) that refers to changes brought about through contact with other cultural groups is known as:

When a semi-structured interview is focused on the historical past, it is called a reflective interview.

When William C. Young worked with the Rashaayda in the Sudan, he was:

Consulting work in anthropology is often associated with:

Describe the practices involved in contemporary fieldwork and how these have changed over the last century in anthropology.

What is the primary critique against functionalism today as a theoretical approach?

The theory of structural-functionalism approached the study of society as a study on how:

What are the characteristics and advantages of a semi-structured interview?

Name at least three primary incentives for Westward Expansion that affected U.S. citizens during the nineteenth century.

Bea Medicine was an early anthropologist who worked with Native Americans. All of the following are associated with her work except:

Much of the early work in anthropology was supported and funded by the U.S. government.

Social Groups Stratification and Power

Households and Economies

Kin and Families Forms of Relatedness

Marriage and Residence Practices

Gender Identities

Sexuality and Sexual Identities

Race and Ethnicity

Language and Musical Expression

Religion and Belief Systems

Technologies and Culture Change

Colonialism Modernity and Development

Polities States and Nation States

Migration and Borderlands in the Global ERA

Filters

Exam 1: Culture Fieldwork and American Anthropology

​What is cultural relativism, and what role does it play in fieldwork?

Which of the following is most relevant to doing any kind of good anthropological research?

Boas worked with museums to help them theoretically frame and contextualize the exhibition of artifacts.

Which of the following is not associated with social evolutionary theory?

New mapping techniques have expanded the historical reach of cultural anthropologists.

Both Frank Cushing and Matilda Coxe Stevenson worked exclusively with the Hopi Indians in the U.S. Southwest.

A mixture of fixed and open-ended questions in an interview is referred to as a(n):

Social evolutionary theory was derived completely from Charles Darwin's theory of biological evolution.

Participant observation is associated with all of the following except:

The concept (term) that refers to changes brought about through contact with other cultural groups is known as:

When a semi-structured interview is focused on the historical past, it is called a reflective interview.

When William C. Young worked with the Rashaayda in the Sudan, he was:

Consulting work in anthropology is often associated with:

Describe the practices involved in contemporary fieldwork and how these have changed over the last century in anthropology.​

What is the primary critique against functionalism today as a theoretical approach?

The theory of structural-functionalism approached the study of society as a study on how:

What are the characteristics and advantages of a semi-structured interview?

Name at least three primary incentives for Westward Expansion that affected U.S. citizens during the nineteenth century.​

Bea Medicine was an early anthropologist who worked with Native Americans. All of the following are associated with her work except:

Much of the early work in anthropology was supported and funded by the U.S. government.

Social Groups Stratification and Power

Households and Economies

Kin and Families Forms of Relatedness

Marriage and Residence Practices

Gender Identities

Sexuality and Sexual Identities

Race and Ethnicity

Language and Musical Expression

Religion and Belief Systems

Technologies and Culture Change

Colonialism Modernity and Development

Polities States and Nation States

Migration and Borderlands in the Global ERA

Filters

What is cultural relativism, and what role does it play in fieldwork?

Describe the practices involved in contemporary fieldwork and how these have changed over the last century in anthropology.

Name at least three primary incentives for Westward Expansion that affected U.S. citizens during the nineteenth century.