Question 1

Stabilizing selection occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the environment controls which organisms will survive. 
B)  ​humans determine which organisms will survive. 
C)  ​the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive. 
D)  ​the extremes of the population have a better chance to survive. 
E)  ​the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme. 
A)  ​the environment controls which organisms will survive. 
B)  ​humans determine which organisms will survive. 
C)  ​the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive. 
D)  ​the extremes of the population have a better chance to survive. 
E)  ​the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme.

Question 2

Which individuals will be LEAST favored when selection pressures acting on a population result in stabilizing selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​individuals at the lower end of the range of variation only 
B)  ​individuals at the upper end of the range of variation only 
C)  ​individuals distributed randomly within the range of variation 
D)  ​the intermediate individuals within the range of variation 
E)  ​extreme individuals at both ends of the range of variation 
A)  ​individuals at the lower end of the range of variation only 
B)  ​individuals at the upper end of the range of variation only 
C)  ​individuals distributed randomly within the range of variation 
D)  ​the intermediate individuals within the range of variation 
E)  ​extreme individuals at both ends of the range of variation

Question 3

Do human beings meet the five conditions necessary for the Hardy-Weinberg law? Explain.

Accepted Answer

​No species meets all these conditions,

Question 4

Speciation occurs ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​after populations become reproductively isolated 
B)  ​when mutations generate observable differences 
C)  ​when transitional forms develop between different populations 
D)  ​when natural selection pressures reach their maximum 
E)  ​randomly as mutations build up in a population 
A)  ​after populations become reproductively isolated 
B)  ​when mutations generate observable differences 
C)  ​when transitional forms develop between different populations 
D)  ​when natural selection pressures reach their maximum 
E)  ​randomly as mutations build up in a population

Question 5

In __________ speciation, populations in contact along a common border speciate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In __________ speciation, populations in contact along...

Question 6

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.​
-This process produces new genetic variation within a species.

Accepted Answer

A) ​Mutation 
B) ​gene flow 
C) ​genetic drift 
D) ​natural selection 
A) ​Mutation 
B) ​gene flow 
C) ​genetic drift 
D) ​natural selection

Question 7

Four of the following five events shuffles existing alleles into different combinations in sexually reproducing organisms. Which one is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​changes in chromosome number 
B)  ​mutation 
C)  ​independent assortment of chromosomes 
D)  ​crossing over 
E)  ​fertilization 
A)  ​changes in chromosome number 
B)  ​mutation 
C)  ​independent assortment of chromosomes 
D)  ​crossing over 
E)  ​fertilization

Question 8

Adaptive radiation is demonstrated by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the dinosaurs going extinct 
B)  ​coelecanths remaining similar over hundreds of millions of years 
C)  ​the evolution of mammals after dinosaurs went extinct 
D)  ​rats and resistance to warfarin 
E)  ​warbler body mass and survival 
A)  ​the dinosaurs going extinct 
B)  ​coelecanths remaining similar over hundreds of millions of years 
C)  ​the evolution of mammals after dinosaurs went extinct 
D)  ​rats and resistance to warfarin 
E)  ​warbler body mass and survival

Question 9

The persistence of the sickle-cell anemia allele in some African populations is the result of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​a high rate of mutation of the normal allele to the sickle-cell anemia allele 
B)  ​the advantage of the heterozygous form over the homozygous forms 
C)  ​nonrandom mating 
D)  ​a decline in the occurrence of malaria in Africa 
E)  ​genetic drift 
A)  ​a high rate of mutation of the normal allele to the sickle-cell anemia allele 
B)  ​the advantage of the heterozygous form over the homozygous forms 
C)  ​nonrandom mating 
D)  ​a decline in the occurrence of malaria in Africa 
E)  ​genetic drift

Question 10

When the rodenticide warfarin was first introduced, rats were very susceptible to it. The development of resistance to warfarin by rats was the result of​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​special creation. 
B)  ​natural selection of individuals that expressed genes for resistance. 
C)  ​the high biotic potential of insects. 
D)  ​a naturally occurring example of inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
E)  ​mutation induced by DDT. 
A)  ​special creation. 
B)  ​natural selection of individuals that expressed genes for resistance. 
C)  ​the high biotic potential of insects. 
D)  ​a naturally occurring example of inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
E)  ​mutation induced by DDT.

Question 11

Prezygotic reproductive isolation occurs ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​just after the union of the egg and sperm nuclei 
B)  ​during embryo development 
C)  ​during fetal development 
D)  ​after birth 
E)  ​before the mating pair comes into contact 
A)  ​just after the union of the egg and sperm nuclei 
B)  ​during embryo development 
C)  ​during fetal development 
D)  ​after birth 
E)  ​before the mating pair comes into contact

Question 12

​Figure 17.3
  
-If the population of flowers illustrated in the accompanying Punnett square is in genetic equilibrium, the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype in the new generation will be ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​p2 
B)  ​2pq 
C)  ​p2 + q2 
D)  ​q2 
E)  ​p2 + 2pq 
A)  ​p2 
B)  ​2pq 
C)  ​p2 + q2 
D)  ​q2 
E)  ​p2 + 2pq

Question 13

__________ counters the effects of mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ counters the effects of mutation, natural...

Question 14

Male mallard ducks have had emerald green head feathers and wings with metallic blue patches for hundreds of years, whereas females have been drab, brown-feathered ducks. This phenotypic situation suggests that mallards may be an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​directional selection 
B)  ​Polyploidy 
C)  ​allopatric speciation 
D)  ​disruptive selection 
E)  ​sexual selection 
A)  ​directional selection 
B)  ​Polyploidy 
C)  ​allopatric speciation 
D)  ​disruptive selection 
E)  ​sexual selection

Question 15

Four of the following are characteristics of a species. Which one is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​They exist in one or more groups. 
B)  ​They produce fertile offspring. 
C)  ​They are reproductively isolated from other groups. 
D)  ​They are identical in appearance. 
E)  ​They interbreed. 
A)  ​They exist in one or more groups. 
B)  ​They produce fertile offspring. 
C)  ​They are reproductively isolated from other groups. 
D)  ​They are identical in appearance. 
E)  ​They interbreed.

Question 16

With __________ speciation, populations in physical contact speciate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of With __________ speciation, populations in physical contact...

Question 17

Which statement about gene mutations is FALSE?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​All mutations are transmitted to the next generation. 
B)  ​Mutations are rare but their rates can be predicted. 
C)  ​Mutations with beneficial effects will be favored by natural selection. 
D)  ​Many mutations reduce an individual's chance of surviving and reproducing. 
E)  ​Mutations with neutral effects neither help nor hurt the individual. 
A)  ​All mutations are transmitted to the next generation. 
B)  ​Mutations are rare but their rates can be predicted. 
C)  ​Mutations with beneficial effects will be favored by natural selection. 
D)  ​Many mutations reduce an individual's chance of surviving and reproducing. 
E)  ​Mutations with neutral effects neither help nor hurt the individual.

Question 18

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.​
-directional selection

Accepted Answer

A) ​a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) ​encompasses all of those actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups 
C) ​the genes of an entire population 
D) ​the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) ​the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)​the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)​the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)​heterozygote advantage in regions where malaria is found
I)​pesticide-resistant pests 
A) ​a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) ​encompasses all of those actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups 
C) ​the genes of an entire population 
D) ​the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) ​the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)​the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)​the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)​heterozygote advantage in regions where malaria is found
I)​pesticide-resistant pests

Question 19

What is the type of speciation that can occur in an instant with a change in chromosome number?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​temporal 
B)  ​mechanical 
C)  ​behavioral 
D)  ​ecological 
E)  ​sympatric 
A)  ​temporal 
B)  ​mechanical 
C)  ​behavioral 
D)  ​ecological 
E)  ​sympatric

Question 20

In __________ speciation, a geographic barrier interrupts gene flow between populations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In __________ speciation, a geographic barrier interrupts...

Exam 17: Processes of Evolution

Stabilizing selection occurs when

Which individuals will be LEAST favored when selection pressures acting on a population result in stabilizing selection?

Do human beings meet the five conditions necessary for the Hardy-Weinberg law? Explain.

Speciation occurs ____.

In __________ speciation, populations in contact along a common border speciate.

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.​ -This process produces new genetic variation within a species.

Four of the following five events shuffles existing alleles into different combinations in sexually reproducing organisms. Which one is the exception?

Adaptive radiation is demonstrated by ____.

The persistence of the sickle-cell anemia allele in some African populations is the result of ____.

When the rodenticide warfarin was first introduced, rats were very susceptible to it. The development of resistance to warfarin by rats was the result of​

Prezygotic reproductive isolation occurs ____.

​Figure 17.3 -If the population of flowers illustrated in the accompanying Punnett square is in genetic equilibrium, the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype in the new generation will be ____.

__________ counters the effects of mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift.

Male mallard ducks have had emerald green head feathers and wings with metallic blue patches for hundreds of years, whereas females have been drab, brown-feathered ducks. This phenotypic situation suggests that mallards may be an example of ____.

Four of the following are characteristics of a species. Which one is the exception?

With __________ speciation, populations in physical contact speciate.

Which statement about gene mutations is FALSE?​

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.​ -directional selection

What is the type of speciation that can occur in an instant with a change in chromosome number?

In __________ speciation, a geographic barrier interrupts gene flow between populations.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below. -This process produces new genetic variation within a species.

When the rodenticide warfarin was first introduced, rats were very susceptible to it. The development of resistance to warfarin by rats was the result of

Figure 17.3 -If the population of flowers illustrated in the accompanying Punnett square is in genetic equilibrium, the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype in the new generation will be ____.

Which statement about gene mutations is FALSE?

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -directional selection