Question 1

What can result in speciation within a few generations?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​development of a physical barrier 
B)  ​polyploidy arising in a plant species 
C)  ​postzygotic isolating mechanisms 
D)  ​change in environmental conditions 
E)  ​the introduction of a new predator into an area 
A)  ​development of a physical barrier 
B)  ​polyploidy arising in a plant species 
C)  ​postzygotic isolating mechanisms 
D)  ​change in environmental conditions 
E)  ​the introduction of a new predator into an area

Question 2

The effectiveness of geographic barriers in promoting speciation is related most to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the absolute size of the barrier 
B)  ​the inability of the organisms to overcome the barrier 
C)  ​the speed at which the barrier forms 
D)  ​how long the barrier exists 
E)  ​the size of the population it separates 
A)  ​the absolute size of the barrier 
B)  ​the inability of the organisms to overcome the barrier 
C)  ​the speed at which the barrier forms 
D)  ​how long the barrier exists 
E)  ​the size of the population it separates

Question 3

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.​
-gene pool

Accepted Answer

A) ​a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) ​encompasses all of those actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups 
C) ​the genes of an entire population 
D) ​the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) ​the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)​the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)​the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)​heterozygote advantage in regions where malaria is found
I)​pesticide-resistant pests 
A) ​a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) ​encompasses all of those actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups 
C) ​the genes of an entire population 
D) ​the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) ​the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)​the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)​the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)​heterozygote advantage in regions where malaria is found
I)​pesticide-resistant pests

Question 4

Two or more alleles of a gene present at relatively high frequencies in a population's gene pool is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​disruptive selection 
B)  ​sexual dimorphism 
C)  ​directional selection 
D)  ​stabilizing selection 
E)  ​balanced polymorphism 
A)  ​disruptive selection 
B)  ​sexual dimorphism 
C)  ​directional selection 
D)  ​stabilizing selection 
E)  ​balanced polymorphism

Question 5

__________ occurs when two species act as agents of selection upon one another.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ occurs when two species act as...

Question 6

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
-genetic equilibrium

Accepted Answer

A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) encompasses all of those actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)heterozygote advantage in regions where malaria is found
I)pesticide-resistant pests 
A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) encompasses all of those actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)heterozygote advantage in regions where malaria is found
I)pesticide-resistant pests

Question 7

In the United States, superbugs cause serious illness in over ____ people per year.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1000 
B)  ​100,000 
C)  ​1,000,000 
D)  ​2,000,000 
E)  ​5,000,000 
A)  ​1000 
B)  ​100,000 
C)  ​1,000,000 
D)  ​2,000,000 
E)  ​5,000,000

Question 8

​Figure 17.6
  
-As the trees in England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories, which of the moths in the accompanying figure will be selected against?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​The dark moth on the dark tree 
B)  ​The light moth on the light tree 
C)  ​All of the light moths equally 
D)  ​The dark moth on the light tree 
E)  ​All of the dark moths equally 
A)  ​The dark moth on the dark tree 
B)  ​The light moth on the light tree 
C)  ​All of the light moths equally 
D)  ​The dark moth on the light tree 
E)  ​All of the dark moths equally

Question 9

Four of the following maintain genetic equilibrium and allele frequencies. Which one is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​lack of gene flow 
B)  ​large population interbreeding freely 
C)  ​differential survival and reproduction 
D)  ​random mating 
E)  ​absence of mutations 
A)  ​lack of gene flow 
B)  ​large population interbreeding freely 
C)  ​differential survival and reproduction 
D)  ​random mating 
E)  ​absence of mutations

Question 10

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.​
-This is most likely to lead to the loss of genetic variation in a small population.

Accepted Answer

A) ​Mutation 
B) ​gene flow 
C) ​genetic drift 
D) ​natural selection 
A) ​Mutation 
B) ​gene flow 
C) ​genetic drift 
D) ​natural selection

Question 11

Microevolution is change in the __________ of a population.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Microevolution is change in the __________ of...

Question 12

The Hardy-Weinberg law is

Accepted Answer

A)  ​useful in determining the extent to which a sexually reproducing population is evolving. 
B)  ​used to predict when genetic drift will occur in a sexually reproducing population. 
C)  ​useful in determining the extent to which polyploidy is occurring in specific plant populations. 
D)  ​used to predict when specific groups of organisms will become extinct. 
E)  ​useful in determining if a patient has a genetic disease. 
A)  ​useful in determining the extent to which a sexually reproducing population is evolving. 
B)  ​used to predict when genetic drift will occur in a sexually reproducing population. 
C)  ​useful in determining the extent to which polyploidy is occurring in specific plant populations. 
D)  ​used to predict when specific groups of organisms will become extinct. 
E)  ​useful in determining if a patient has a genetic disease.

Question 13

__________ occurs in different patterns depending on the species and selection pressures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ occurs in different patterns depending on...

Question 14

__________ species of many plants (and a few animals) originated by chromosome doublings and hybridizations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ species of many plants (and a...

Question 15

Disruptive selection occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the environment controls which organisms will survive. 
B)  ​humans determine which organisms will survive. 
C)  ​the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive. 
D)  ​the extremes of the population have a better chance to survive. 
E)  ​the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme. 
A)  ​the environment controls which organisms will survive. 
B)  ​humans determine which organisms will survive. 
C)  ​the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive. 
D)  ​the extremes of the population have a better chance to survive. 
E)  ​the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme.

Question 16

Mutations are the original source of new alleles, but may be adaptive, __________ or __________.

Accepted Answer

lethal; ne

Question 17

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.​
-The occurrence of mimicry is best explained as the ultimate result of this process.

Accepted Answer

A) ​Mutation 
B) ​gene flow 
C) ​genetic drift 
D) ​natural selection 
A) ​Mutation 
B) ​gene flow 
C) ​genetic drift 
D) ​natural selection

Question 18

​Figure 17.3
  
-If the frequency of a recessive gene in a population in genetic equilibrium is 40 percent, in the next generation. the frequency of that gene would be ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​20 percent 
B)  ​40 percent 
C)  ​80 percent 
D)  ​2pq 
E)  ​unpredictable 
A)  ​20 percent 
B)  ​40 percent 
C)  ​80 percent 
D)  ​2pq 
E)  ​unpredictable

Question 19

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.​
-The reduced contribution of one phenotype in comparison to another to the next generation is an example of this.

Accepted Answer

A) ​Mutation 
B) ​gene flow 
C) ​genetic drift 
D) ​natural selection 
A) ​Mutation 
B) ​gene flow 
C) ​genetic drift 
D) ​natural selection

Question 20

What is a type of postzygotic reproductive isolating mechanism?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​temporal isolation 
B)  ​mechanical isolation 
C)  ​behavioral isolation 
D)  ​hybrid sterility 
E)  ​sexual deselection 
A)  ​temporal isolation 
B)  ​mechanical isolation 
C)  ​behavioral isolation 
D)  ​hybrid sterility 
E)  ​sexual deselection

Exam 17: Processes of Evolution

What can result in speciation within a few generations?​

The effectiveness of geographic barriers in promoting speciation is related most to ____.

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.​ -gene pool

Two or more alleles of a gene present at relatively high frequencies in a population's gene pool is known as ____.

__________ occurs when two species act as agents of selection upon one another.

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -genetic equilibrium

In the United States, superbugs cause serious illness in over ____ people per year.

​Figure 17.6 -As the trees in England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories, which of the moths in the accompanying figure will be selected against?

Four of the following maintain genetic equilibrium and allele frequencies. Which one is the exception?

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.​ -This is most likely to lead to the loss of genetic variation in a small population.

Microevolution is change in the __________ of a population.

The Hardy-Weinberg law is

__________ occurs in different patterns depending on the species and selection pressures.

__________ species of many plants (and a few animals) originated by chromosome doublings and hybridizations.

Disruptive selection occurs when

Mutations are the original source of new alleles, but may be adaptive, __________ or __________.

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.​ -The occurrence of mimicry is best explained as the ultimate result of this process.

​Figure 17.3 -If the frequency of a recessive gene in a population in genetic equilibrium is 40 percent, in the next generation. the frequency of that gene would be ____.

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.​ -The reduced contribution of one phenotype in comparison to another to the next generation is an example of this.

What is a type of postzygotic reproductive isolating mechanism?​

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

What can result in speciation within a few generations?

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -gene pool

Figure 17.6 -As the trees in England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories, which of the moths in the accompanying figure will be selected against?

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below. -This is most likely to lead to the loss of genetic variation in a small population.

Mutations are the original source of new alleles, but may be adaptive, or .

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below. -The occurrence of mimicry is best explained as the ultimate result of this process.

Figure 17.3 -If the frequency of a recessive gene in a population in genetic equilibrium is 40 percent, in the next generation. the frequency of that gene would be ____.

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below. -The reduced contribution of one phenotype in comparison to another to the next generation is an example of this.

What is a type of postzygotic reproductive isolating mechanism?