Question 1

A search for the happiness center in the brain is unlikely to be successful because ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) brain areas associated with particular emotions vary considerably 
B) ​happiness is only an epiphenomenon 
C) ​fear activates brain areas identical to those of happiness 
D) no one has been able to define happiness 
A) brain areas associated with particular emotions vary considerably 
B) ​happiness is only an epiphenomenon 
C) ​fear activates brain areas identical to those of happiness 
D) no one has been able to define happiness

Question 2

To measure fear or anxiety in both humans and nonhumans,researchers measure variations in an individual's ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) rate of eyelid blinking 
B) ​attention to a flickering light 
C) ​salivary reflex 
D) startle reflex 
A) rate of eyelid blinking 
B) ​attention to a flickering light 
C) ​salivary reflex 
D) startle reflex

Question 3

According to a number of animal studies,under which condition is the probability of violent behavior greatest?​

Accepted Answer

A) low acetylcholine turnover 
B) ​high acetylcholine turnover 
C) ​low serotonin turnover 
D) high serotonin turnover 
A) low acetylcholine turnover 
B) ​high acetylcholine turnover 
C) ​low serotonin turnover 
D) high serotonin turnover

Question 4

Alcohol decreases anxiety by ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) promoting chloride flow at the GABA-A receptor complex 
B) ​inhibiting chloride flow at the GABA-A receptor complex 
C) ​promoting sodium flow at serotonin synapses 
D) inhibiting sodium flow at serotonin synapses 
A) promoting chloride flow at the GABA-A receptor complex 
B) ​inhibiting chloride flow at the GABA-A receptor complex 
C) ​promoting sodium flow at serotonin synapses 
D) inhibiting sodium flow at serotonin synapses

Question 5

The amygdala is part of the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) pyramidal system 
B) ​sympathetic nervous system 
C) ​parasympathetic nervous system 
D) limbic system 
A) pyramidal system 
B) ​sympathetic nervous system 
C) ​parasympathetic nervous system 
D) limbic system

Question 6

The amygdala send axons to the ____,which in turn sends axons to the pons to control the startle reflex.​

Accepted Answer

A) midbrain 
B) ​caudate nucleus 
C) ​cingulate gyrus 
D) pineal gland 
A) midbrain 
B) ​caudate nucleus 
C) ​cingulate gyrus 
D) pineal gland

Question 7

It is possible to predict (with moderate accuracy)people's political attitudes toward the use of the military,the death penalty,and so forth by monitoring which of the following?​

Accepted Answer

A) differences in fMRI response between the left and right hemispheres 
B) ​size of the hippocampus 
C) ​amygdala responses to a sudden loud noise 
D) fluctuations in testosterone levels between morning and evening 
A) differences in fMRI response between the left and right hemispheres 
B) ​size of the hippocampus 
C) ​amygdala responses to a sudden loud noise 
D) fluctuations in testosterone levels between morning and evening

Question 8

Which type of leukocyte destroys tumor cells and cells infected with viruses?​

Accepted Answer

A) T cells 
B) ​B cells 
C) ​Schwann cells 
D) natural killer cells 
A) T cells 
B) ​B cells 
C) ​Schwann cells 
D) natural killer cells

Question 9

Which of the following is characterized by extreme sympathetic nervous system arousal?​

Accepted Answer

A) locked-in syndrome 
B) ​pure autonomic failure 
C) ​panic attack 
D) prosopagnosia 
A) locked-in syndrome 
B) ​pure autonomic failure 
C) ​panic attack 
D) prosopagnosia

Question 10

According to one hypothesis,if serotonin is released during aggressive behavior,then individuals with low serotonin release are more aggressive because of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) increased depression 
B) ​decreased serotonin synthesis 
C) ​increased serotonin receptor sensitivity 
D) decreased serotonin receptor sensitivity 
A) increased depression 
B) ​decreased serotonin synthesis 
C) ​increased serotonin receptor sensitivity 
D) decreased serotonin receptor sensitivity

Question 11

Briefly describe the role of the HPA axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS)in the stress response.​

Accepted Answer

The ANS reacts very quickly to prepare t

Question 12

The pattern of physiological reactions for each emotion is easily distinguishable by the person who is experiencing them.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

People with damage to either the prefrontal cortex or the amygdala show difficulties processing emotional information.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

At the center of the GABAᴀ receptor is a ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) benzodiazepine 
B) ​neurotransmitter 
C) ​chloride channel 
D) transmitter channel 
A) benzodiazepine 
B) ​neurotransmitter 
C) ​chloride channel 
D) transmitter channel

Question 15

What potential advantage does a moderately aggressive monkey possess?​

Accepted Answer

A) They are more likely to get mates and food. 
B) ​They have better memories of other monkeys they have defeated. 
C) ​They are less depressed. 
D) Their immune system becomes stronger with each fight. 
A) They are more likely to get mates and food. 
B) ​They have better memories of other monkeys they have defeated. 
C) ​They are less depressed. 
D) Their immune system becomes stronger with each fight.

Question 16

One of the main differences between natural killer cells and T cells is that natural killer cells ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) attack normal tissue 
B) ​attack several kinds of intruders 
C) ​are cancer cells 
D) are more specific in their targets 
A) attack normal tissue 
B) ​attack several kinds of intruders 
C) ​are cancer cells 
D) are more specific in their targets

Question 17

Not all children who are abused become violently aggressive in adolescence or adulthood.Of the following,which has been demonstrated to influence violence by these people?​

Accepted Answer

A) genes regulating testosterone receptors 
B) ​genes regulating the suprachiasmatic nucleus 
C) ​genes regulating secretion of aldosterone 
D) genes regulating monoamine oxidase 
A) genes regulating testosterone receptors 
B) ​genes regulating the suprachiasmatic nucleus 
C) ​genes regulating secretion of aldosterone 
D) genes regulating monoamine oxidase

Question 18

When people were forced to smile by clenching a pen between their teeth,how did they rate a cartoon they were reading?​

Accepted Answer

A) funnier than if they were not forced to smile 
B) ​just as funny as when they were frowning 
C) ​not as funny as when they were holding a pen between their lips 
D) as frightening 
A) funnier than if they were not forced to smile 
B) ​just as funny as when they were frowning 
C) ​not as funny as when they were holding a pen between their lips 
D) as frightening

Question 19

In the revised James-Lange theory of emotion,what occurs first?​

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive appraisal 
B) ​actions 
C) ​physiological changes 
D) feeling 
A) cognitive appraisal 
B) ​actions 
C) ​physiological changes 
D) feeling

Question 20

After damage to the amygdala,what happens to a rat's startle reflex?​

Accepted Answer

A) The rat shows no startle reflex. 
B) ​The rat's startle reflex does not vary from one situation to another. 
C) ​The rat shows an exaggerated startle reflex. 
D) The rat shows a startle reflex only when in the presence of danger signals. 
A) The rat shows no startle reflex. 
B) ​The rat's startle reflex does not vary from one situation to another. 
C) ​The rat shows an exaggerated startle reflex. 
D) The rat shows a startle reflex only when in the presence of danger signals.

A search for the happiness center in the brain is unlikely to be successful because ____.

To measure fear or anxiety in both humans and nonhumans,researchers measure variations in an individual's ____.

According to a number of animal studies,under which condition is the probability of violent behavior greatest?

Alcohol decreases anxiety by ____.

The amygdala is part of the ____.

The amygdala send axons to the ____,which in turn sends axons to the pons to control the startle reflex.

It is possible to predict (with moderate accuracy)people's political attitudes toward the use of the military,the death penalty,and so forth by monitoring which of the following?

Which type of leukocyte destroys tumor cells and cells infected with viruses?

Which of the following is characterized by extreme sympathetic nervous system arousal?

According to one hypothesis,if serotonin is released during aggressive behavior,then individuals with low serotonin release are more aggressive because of ____.

Briefly describe the role of the HPA axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS)in the stress response.

The pattern of physiological reactions for each emotion is easily distinguishable by the person who is experiencing them.

People with damage to either the prefrontal cortex or the amygdala show difficulties processing emotional information.

At the center of the GABAᴀ receptor is a ____.

What potential advantage does a moderately aggressive monkey possess?

One of the main differences between natural killer cells and T cells is that natural killer cells ____.

Not all children who are abused become violently aggressive in adolescence or adulthood.Of the following,which has been demonstrated to influence violence by these people?

When people were forced to smile by clenching a pen between their teeth,how did they rate a cartoon they were reading?

In the revised James-Lange theory of emotion,what occurs first?

After damage to the amygdala,what happens to a rat's startle reflex?

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Exam 11: Emotional Behaviors