Question 1

All of the following statements are true about transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM)except

Accepted Answer

A) Cause remains unproven. 
B) First recognized in liver transplant recipients. 
C) Possible deleterious effects include increased recurrence of cancer. 
D) Refers to immune suppression following transfusion of allogeneic blood products. 
A) Cause remains unproven. 
B) First recognized in liver transplant recipients. 
C) Possible deleterious effects include increased recurrence of cancer. 
D) Refers to immune suppression following transfusion of allogeneic blood products. B

Question 2

Hypothermia occurs when the body temperature drops below

Accepted Answer

A) 92° F (33° 
C)  
B) 95° F (35° 
C)  
C) 98° F (37° 
C)  
D) 101° F (38° 
C)  
A) 92° F (33° 
C)  
B) 95° F (35° 
C)  
C) 98° F (37° 
C)  
D) 101° F (38° 
C)  B

Question 3

Hypotensive transfusion reactions are identified as a drop in blood pressure of

Accepted Answer

A) >10 mm Hg 
B) >20 mm Hg 
C) >30 mm Hg 
D) >40 mm Hg 
A) >10 mm Hg 
B) >20 mm Hg 
C) >30 mm Hg 
D) >40 mm Hg C

Question 4

What causes allergic transfusion reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) Patient antibodies that are directed against antigens present on the transfused red blood cells. 
B) Patient antibodies to non-ABO red blood cell antigens. 
C) Preformed plasma antibodies that react with protein-based allergens. 
D) Pulmonary infiltrates caused by antibodies to HLA antigens. 
A) Patient antibodies that are directed against antigens present on the transfused red blood cells. 
B) Patient antibodies to non-ABO red blood cell antigens. 
C) Preformed plasma antibodies that react with protein-based allergens. 
D) Pulmonary infiltrates caused by antibodies to HLA antigens.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of delayed hemolytic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) Are associated with complement-mediated intravascular hemolysis. 
B) Are associated with extravascular hemolysis. 
C) Are the most common reactions to occur during blood transfusion. 
D) Occur immediately after exposure to a transfused component. 
A) Are associated with complement-mediated intravascular hemolysis. 
B) Are associated with extravascular hemolysis. 
C) Are the most common reactions to occur during blood transfusion. 
D) Occur immediately after exposure to a transfused component.

Question 6

In the United States,transfusion-associated fatalities must be reported to which regulatory agency?

Accepted Answer

A) American Medical Association 
B) Centre for Biologics EvaLuation and Research 
C) Food and Drug Administration 
D) Haemovigilance network 
A) American Medical Association 
B) Centre for Biologics EvaLuation and Research 
C) Food and Drug Administration 
D) Haemovigilance network

Question 7

Which of the following defines hyperhemoloysis?

Accepted Answer

A) The patient's red blood cells are destroyed in addition to transfused donor cells. 
B) The patient's white blood cells are destroyed in addition to transfused donor cells. 
C) The presence of hemoglobin in the patient's urine. 
D) The presence of free hemoglobin in the patient's plasma. 
A) The patient's red blood cells are destroyed in addition to transfused donor cells. 
B) The patient's white blood cells are destroyed in addition to transfused donor cells. 
C) The presence of hemoglobin in the patient's urine. 
D) The presence of free hemoglobin in the patient's plasma.

Question 8

Over half the hypotensive transfusion reactions reported have been associated with which type of treatment?

Accepted Answer

A) ACE inhibitor 
B) Angiotensin 
C) Antihistamine 
D) Antipyretic 
A) ACE inhibitor 
B) Angiotensin 
C) Antihistamine 
D) Antipyretic

Question 9

All of the following are signs and symptoms of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction except

Accepted Answer

A) Fever 
B) Muscle cramps 
C) Chest pain 
D) Dyspnea 
A) Fever 
B) Muscle cramps 
C) Chest pain 
D) Dyspnea

Question 10

Initial laboratory investigation of a suspected transfusion reaction includes all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) ABO testing of post-transfusion blood specimen 
B) Clerical check of label and tags on transfused component 
C) Direct antiglobulin test on post-transfusion blood specimen 
D) Inspection for visible hemolysis in pretransfusion urine specimen 
A) ABO testing of post-transfusion blood specimen 
B) Clerical check of label and tags on transfused component 
C) Direct antiglobulin test on post-transfusion blood specimen 
D) Inspection for visible hemolysis in pretransfusion urine specimen

Question 11

Regarding febrile,nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR),all of the following statements are true except

Accepted Answer

A) After an initial reaction,recurrence is uncommon. 
B) Onset of symptoms occurs during or up to 4 hours after transfusion. 
C) Prestorage filtration has been shown to be effective in reducing incidences. 
D) Symptoms cause discomfort but are not life-threatening. 
A) After an initial reaction,recurrence is uncommon. 
B) Onset of symptoms occurs during or up to 4 hours after transfusion. 
C) Prestorage filtration has been shown to be effective in reducing incidences. 
D) Symptoms cause discomfort but are not life-threatening.

Question 12

Approximately how many milligrams of iron does a single red blood cell unit contain?

Accepted Answer

A) 50 
B) 150 
C) 200 
D) 250 
A) 50 
B) 150 
C) 200 
D) 250

Question 13

Fever is a common symptom in which types of transfusion reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) Acute hemolytic,allergic,febrile nonhemolytic 
B) Acute hemolytic,febrile nonhemolytic,transfusion-related acute lung injury 
C) Allergic,febrile nonhemolytic,transfusion-associated circulatory overload 
D) Anaphylactic,febrile nonhemolytic,transfusion-related immunomodulation 
A) Acute hemolytic,allergic,febrile nonhemolytic 
B) Acute hemolytic,febrile nonhemolytic,transfusion-related acute lung injury 
C) Allergic,febrile nonhemolytic,transfusion-associated circulatory overload 
D) Anaphylactic,febrile nonhemolytic,transfusion-related immunomodulation

Question 14

All of the following statements about anaphylactoid transfusion reactions are true except

Accepted Answer

A) They are serious and  life-threatening 
B) They are triggered by IgE class antibodies that reLease mediators from mast cells 
C) They can be caused by reaction between a protein allergen and its corresponding antibody 
D) They can be caused by IgA in the transfused blood product reacting with anti-IgA in the patient's plasma 
A) They are serious and  life-threatening 
B) They are triggered by IgE class antibodies that reLease mediators from mast cells 
C) They can be caused by reaction between a protein allergen and its corresponding antibody 
D) They can be caused by IgA in the transfused blood product reacting with anti-IgA in the patient's plasma

Question 15

What can be done to prevent transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)in at-risk patients?

Accepted Answer

A) Irradiate blood products before transfusion 
B) Split a red blood cell product in half and transfuse each half over 4 hours 
C) Transfuse only leukoreduced blood products 
D) Wait several hours after medication is given before starting a transfusion 
A) Irradiate blood products before transfusion 
B) Split a red blood cell product in half and transfuse each half over 4 hours 
C) Transfuse only leukoreduced blood products 
D) Wait several hours after medication is given before starting a transfusion

Question 16

According to the 2005 UK SHOT data,the risk of a patient receiving an incorrect blood component is 1 in ____ blood components transfused.

Accepted Answer

A) 100 
B) 5,000 
C) 15,000 
D) 100,000 
A) 100 
B) 5,000 
C) 15,000 
D) 100,000

Question 17

Signs and symptoms of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) Acute onset of respiratory symptoms during or within 6 hours of transfusion 
B) Bilateral infiltrates on chest radiography 
C) Evidence of left atrial hypertension 
D) Hypoxemia 
A) Acute onset of respiratory symptoms during or within 6 hours of transfusion 
B) Bilateral infiltrates on chest radiography 
C) Evidence of left atrial hypertension 
D) Hypoxemia

Question 18

Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD)is a rare complication of transfusion,but the mortality rate is approximately

Accepted Answer

A) 75% 
B) 80% 
C) 85% 
D) 90% 
A) 75% 
B) 80% 
C) 85% 
D) 90%

Question 19

Which of the following is the most commonly reported complication associated with transfusion?

Accepted Answer

A) Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction 
B) Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction 
C) Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction 
D) Immune-mediated hemolytic transfusion reaction 
A) Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction 
B) Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction 
C) Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction 
D) Immune-mediated hemolytic transfusion reaction

Question 20

Patients at a greater risk for transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD)include all the following except

Accepted Answer

A) Fetuses 
B) Older adults 
C) Patients with Hodgkin's disease 
D) Hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients 
A) Fetuses 
B) Older adults 
C) Patients with Hodgkin's disease 
D) Hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

Exam 12: Adverse Reactions to Transfusion

All of the following statements are true about transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM)except

Hypothermia occurs when the body temperature drops below

Hypotensive transfusion reactions are identified as a drop in blood pressure of

What causes allergic transfusion reactions?

Which of the following statements is true of delayed hemolytic reactions?

In the United States,transfusion-associated fatalities must be reported to which regulatory agency?

Which of the following defines hyperhemoloysis?

Over half the hypotensive transfusion reactions reported have been associated with which type of treatment?

All of the following are signs and symptoms of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction except

Initial laboratory investigation of a suspected transfusion reaction includes all of the following except

Regarding febrile,nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR),all of the following statements are true except

Approximately how many milligrams of iron does a single red blood cell unit contain?

Fever is a common symptom in which types of transfusion reactions?

All of the following statements about anaphylactoid transfusion reactions are true except

What can be done to prevent transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)in at-risk patients?

According to the 2005 UK SHOT data,the risk of a patient receiving an incorrect blood component is 1 in ____ blood components transfused.

Signs and symptoms of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)include all of the following except

Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD)is a rare complication of transfusion,but the mortality rate is approximately

Which of the following is the most commonly reported complication associated with transfusion?

Patients at a greater risk for transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD)include all the following except

The Immune Process: the Origin and Interaction Between Antigens and Antibodies

Immunogenetics: the Origin of Antigens

Blood Bank Applications of Antigenantibody Reactions

Abo and Hh Blood Group Systems

Rh, Rhag, and Lw Blood Group Systems

Other Blood Group Systems

Pretransfusion and Compatibility Testing

Identification of Unexpected Antibodies

Donor Selection, Phlebotomy, and Required Testing

Blood Products: Preparation, Storage, and Shipment of Blood Components

Component Therapy and Massive Transfusion

Transfusion-Transmitted Infections

Perinatal and Neonatal Transfusion Issues

Autoimmune and Drug-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemias

Platelet Refractory Patients

Transfusion Support of Selected Patient Populations

Human Histocompatibility

Methods in Parentage Testing

Transfusion Safety and Regulatory Issues

Quality Assurance

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