Exam 42: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

A nurse is caring for a patient with peripheral intravenous (IV) therapy. Which task will the nurse assign to the nursing assistive personnel?

The nurse observes edema in a patient who has venous congestion from right heart failure. Which type of pressure facilitated the formation of the patient's edema?

In which patient will the nurse expect to see a positive Chvostek sign?

A patient presents to the emergency department with reports of vomiting and diarrhea for the past 48 hours. The health care provider orders isotonic intravenous (IV) therapy. Which IV will the nurse prepare?

The nurse administers an intravenous (IV) hypertonic solution to a patient. In which direction will the fluid shift?

A nurse is preparing to start peripheral intravenous (IV) therapy. In which order will the nurse perform the steps starting with the first one? 1) Clean site. 2) Select vein. 3) Apply tourniquet. 4) Release tourniquet. 5) Reapply tourniquet. 6) Advance and secure. 7) Insert vascular access device.

A nurse begins infusing a 250-mL bag of IV fluid at 1845 on Monday and programs the pump to infuse at 50 mL/hr. At what time should the infusion be completed?

A nurse is selecting a site to insert an intravenous (IV) catheter on an adult. Which actions will the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

The patient has an intravenous (IV) line and the nurse needs to remove the gown. In which order will the nurse perform the steps, starting with the first one? 1) Remove the sleeve of the gown from the arm without the IV. 2) Remove the sleeve of the gown from the arm with the IV. 3) Remove the IV solution container from its stand. 4) Pass the IV bag and tubing through the sleeve.

The nurse is teaching about the process of passively moving water from an area of lower particle concentration to an area of higher particle concentration. Which process is the nurse describing?

A nurse is monitoring patients for fluid and electrolyte and acid-base imbalances. Match the body's regulators to the function it provides. -Antidiuretic hormone

The nurse is reviewing laboratory results. Which cation will the nurse observe is the most abundant in the blood?

A nurse is caring for a diabetic patient with a bowel obstruction and has orders to ensure that the volume of intake matches the output. In the past 4 hours, the patient received dextrose 5% with 0.9% sodium chloride through a 22-gauge catheter infusing at 150 mL/hr and has eaten 200 mL of ice chips. The patient also has an NG suction tube set to low continuous suction that had 300-mL output. The patient has voided 400 mL of urine. After reporting these values to the health care provider, which order does the nurse anticipate?

A patient is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which organ system is responsible for compensation in this patient?

A nurse is caring for a cancer patient who presents with anorexia, blood pressure 100/60, and elevated white blood cell count. Which primary purpose for starting total parenteral nutrition (TPN) will the nurse add to the care plan?

The health care provider asks the nurse to monitor the fluid volume status of a heart failure patient and a patient at risk for clinical dehydration. Which is the most effective nursing intervention for monitoring both of these patients?

A patient is admitted for a bowel obstruction and has had a nasogastric tube set to low intermittent suction for the past 3 days. Which arterial blood gas values will the nurse expect to observe?

A nurse is administering a diuretic to a patient and teaching the patient about foods to increase. Which food choices by the patient will best indicate successful teaching?

A patient is to receive 1000 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride intravenously at a rate of 125 mL/hr. The nurse is using microdrip gravity drip tubing. Which rate will the nurse calculate for the minute flow rate (drops/min)?

A 2-year-old child is brought into the emergency department after ingesting a medication that causes respiratory depression. For which acid-base imbalance will the nurse most closely monitor this child?