Exam 9: Aristotle Tragedy

Aristotle tells us that "the plot is the imitation of the action; by 'plot,' I here mean the arrangement of the incidents."

Thomasson tells us that "Perhaps more interestingly still, fixing what is and is not part of the work also determines normative features: establishing how the work is to-be-displayed, to-be-conserved, and what is and is not to-be-considered relevant for interpretation and evaluation."

Thomasson tells us that the artist's sanction plays an ontological role in fixing features of the artwork, and will thus place some indirect constraints on interpretation.

According to Santayana, "Beauty therefore seems to be the clearest manifestation of humanity, and the best evidence of its possibility."

Thomasson tells us that the artist's ________ plays an ontological role in fixing features of the artwork, and will thus place some indirect constraints on interpretation.

Schopenhauer says, "The cooperation of the beholder, which is referred to above, as demanded for the enjoyment of a work of art, depends partly upon the fact that every work of art can only produce its effect through the medium of the fancy; therefore it must excite this, and can never allow it to be left out of the play and remain inactive. This is a condition of the __________ effect, and therefore a fundamental law of all fine arts."

Bergson makes it clear that laughter must be a sort of ...

Santayana says that we can "distinguish the material of things from the various forms it may successively assume; we can distinguish, also, the earlier and the later impressions made by the same object; and we can ascertain the coexistence of one impression with another, or with the memory of others. But aesthetic feeling itself has _________, and this physiology of its causes is not a description of its proper nature."

For Aristotle, "that in virtue of which we ascribe certain qualities to the agents" is called ...

Aristotle says, "tragedy is an imitation not only of a complete action, but of events inspiring ..."

Schopenhauer says that "all the arts speak only the naive and childish language of perception, not the abstract and serious language of ___________; their answer is therefore a fleeting image: not permanent and general knowledge."

Bergson says, "Several have defined man as 'an animal which laughs.' They might equally well have defined him as an animal which is ____________; for if any other animal, or some lifeless object, produces the same effect, it is always because of some resemblance to man, of the stamp he gives it or the use he puts it to."

According to Aristotle, "But most important of all is the structure of the incidents. For tragedy is an imitation, not of men, but of an _______ and of life."

Thomasson tells us that "I have argued elsewhere that the ontological status of paintings, sculptures, symphonies and other familiar kinds of art is at bottom established ______________ by the beliefs and practices of those who ground and reground the reference of the relevant sortal terms."

Santayana says, "Beauty exists for the same reason that the object which is beautiful exists, or the world in which that object lies, or we that look upon both. It is ______________: there is nothing more to say about it."

According to Bergson, "To produce the whole of its effect, then, the comical demands something like a momentary anesthesia of the heart. Its appeal is to intelligence, pure and simple." Do you agree with Bergson? Explain your answer.

According to Santayana, "If our spontaneous thoughts came to run in harmony with the course of nature, if our expectations were then continually fulfilled, the sense of mystery would flourish."

Explain what Schopenhauer means when he says, "The cooperation of the beholder, which is referred to above, as demanded for the enjoyment of a work of art, depends partly upon the fact that every work of art can only produce its effect through the medium of the fancy; therefore it must excite this, and can never allow it to be left out of the play and remain inactive. This is a condition of the aesthetic effect, and therefore a fundamental law of all fine arts."

According to Aristotle, "A beginning is that which does not itself follow anything by causal necessity, but after which something naturally is or comes to be. An end, on the contrary, is that which itself naturally follows some other thing, either by necessity, or as a rule, but has nothing following it."

According to Santayana, "Psychology attempts what is perhaps impossible, namely, the anatomy of life."