Question 1

Three-year-old Sara says, "I have three dolls. I have brown hair. I made a tall tower." This demonstrates that Sara is beginning to develop

Accepted Answer

A)  self-esteem. 
B)  a self-concept. 
C)  a gender identity. 
D)  gender typing. 
A)  self-esteem. 
B)  a self-concept. 
C)  a gender identity. 
D)  gender typing.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about gender-role learning in gender-segregated peer groups is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys are especially intolerant of "cross-gender" play in other boys. 
B)  Preschoolers are rarely criticized for engaging in "cross-gender" activities. 
C)  Preschoolers play in mixed-gender groups more than they play in same-sex groups. 
D)  To get their way, girls often rely on commands, threats, and physical force. 
A)  Boys are especially intolerant of "cross-gender" play in other boys. 
B)  Preschoolers are rarely criticized for engaging in "cross-gender" activities. 
C)  Preschoolers play in mixed-gender groups more than they play in same-sex groups. 
D)  To get their way, girls often rely on commands, threats, and physical force.

Question 3

One strategy that has been quite effective in preventing child abuse is to

Accepted Answer

A)  teach child development in the regular high school curriculum. 
B)  provide home visitation with a cognitive problem-solving component. 
C)  arrest child abusers and make sure they serve long sentences. 
D)  remove children from abusive homes. 
A)  teach child development in the regular high school curriculum. 
B)  provide home visitation with a cognitive problem-solving component. 
C)  arrest child abusers and make sure they serve long sentences. 
D)  remove children from abusive homes.

Question 4

__________ is/are vital in managing emotion in early childhood.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social interaction 
B)  Self-conscious emotions 
C)  Phobias 
D)  Effortful control 
A)  Social interaction 
B)  Self-conscious emotions 
C)  Phobias 
D)  Effortful control

Question 5

Which of the following play behaviors is a cause for concern in a child?

Accepted Answer

A)  spending long periods of time in solitary play 
B)  aimless wandering and hovering near peers 
C)  simple, repetitive motor movements without objects 
D)  kneading clay with no intent to make something 
A)  spending long periods of time in solitary play 
B)  aimless wandering and hovering near peers 
C)  simple, repetitive motor movements without objects 
D)  kneading clay with no intent to make something

Question 6

Define self-concept and self-esteem. In what ways might parents foster these aspects of self-understanding in young children?

Accepted Answer

Self-concept is the set of attributes, a

Question 7

In the __________ child-rearing style, parents do not gradually grant autonomy, but rather allow children to make many of their own decisions at an age when they are not yet capable of doing so.

Accepted Answer

A)  authoritarian 
B)  permissive 
C)  authoritative 
D)  uninvolved 
A)  authoritarian 
B)  permissive 
C)  authoritative 
D)  uninvolved

Question 8

Which of the following statements about social experience and moral understanding is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social experiences are not vital to the development of morality. 
B)  Children rarely benefit from adult-child discussions of moral issues. 
C)  Children learn to care about the welfare of others from warm, sensitive parental communication. 
D)  Children who physically assault others tend to have parents who tell stories with moral implications. 
A)  Social experiences are not vital to the development of morality. 
B)  Children rarely benefit from adult-child discussions of moral issues. 
C)  Children learn to care about the welfare of others from warm, sensitive parental communication. 
D)  Children who physically assault others tend to have parents who tell stories with moral implications.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the psychoanalytic perspective and the development of morality is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud believed that young children form a superego by internalizing the other-sex parent's moral standards. 
B)  Most researchers today agree with Freud's view of conscience development. 
C)  In Freud's theory, fear of punishment and loss of parental love motivate moral behavior. 
D)  Freud believed that moral development is largely complete by 10 to 12 years of age. 
A)  Freud believed that young children form a superego by internalizing the other-sex parent's moral standards. 
B)  Most researchers today agree with Freud's view of conscience development. 
C)  In Freud's theory, fear of punishment and loss of parental love motivate moral behavior. 
D)  Freud believed that moral development is largely complete by 10 to 12 years of age.

Question 10

Although verbal aggression is always __________, __________ aggression can be either direct or indirect.

Accepted Answer

A)  indirect; physical 
B)  indirect; relational 
C)  indirect; instrumental 
D)  direct; relational 
A)  indirect; physical 
B)  indirect; relational 
C)  indirect; instrumental 
D)  direct; relational

Question 11

Describe authoritative child rearing, and explain what makes it effective.

Accepted Answer

The authoritative child-rearing style in

Question 12

By age 3,

Accepted Answer

A)  self-conscious emotions are clearly linked to self-evaluation. 
B)  children no longer depend on adults to know when to feel self-conscious emotions. 
C)  children are not yet sensitive to praise and blame. 
D)  children have not yet developed the capacity to feel guilty or ashamed. 
A)  self-conscious emotions are clearly linked to self-evaluation. 
B)  children no longer depend on adults to know when to feel self-conscious emotions. 
C)  children are not yet sensitive to praise and blame. 
D)  children have not yet developed the capacity to feel guilty or ashamed.

Question 13

Four-year-old Christopher has authoritarian parents who sometimes physically abuse him. When his friend Joaquin has a bad day and cries, Christopher is most likely to react with

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic concern. 
B)  anxiety and distress. 
C)  fear and anger. 
D)  strong feelings of empathy. 
A)  sympathetic concern. 
B)  anxiety and distress. 
C)  fear and anger. 
D)  strong feelings of empathy.

Question 14

Because preschoolers have difficulty distinguishing between their desired and their actual competence, they

Accepted Answer

A)  tend to overestimate the difficulty of tasks. 
B)  suffer from a constant fluctuation in self-esteem. 
C)  usually rate their own ability as extremely high. 
D)  give up easily when faced with a challenging task. 
A)  tend to overestimate the difficulty of tasks. 
B)  suffer from a constant fluctuation in self-esteem. 
C)  usually rate their own ability as extremely high. 
D)  give up easily when faced with a challenging task.

Question 15

Mild, patient tactics are sufficient to prompt conscience development in __________ children.

Accepted Answer

A)  all 
B)  fearless 
C)  impulsive 
D)  anxious 
A)  all 
B)  fearless 
C)  impulsive 
D)  anxious

Question 16

Describe Mildred Parten's sequence of peer sociability, including follow-up research on the different types of play.

Accepted Answer

Mildred Parten concluded that social dev

Question 17

According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of the preschool years is

Accepted Answer

A)  trust versus mistrust. 
B)  industry versus inferiority. 
C)  initiative versus guilt. 
D)  autonomy versus shame. 
A)  trust versus mistrust. 
B)  industry versus inferiority. 
C)  initiative versus guilt. 
D)  autonomy versus shame.

Question 18

Preschoolers' self-concepts largely consist of

Accepted Answer

A)  talents. 
B)  personality traits. 
C)  observable characteristics. 
D)  temperamental qualities. 
A)  talents. 
B)  personality traits. 
C)  observable characteristics. 
D)  temperamental qualities.

Question 19

Longitudinal evidence indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  play forms do not emerge in a universally ordered sequence. 
B)  later-appearing play forms do not replace earlier ones. 
C)  children who spend many hours in nonsocial activity are at risk of behavior problems. 
D)  most children achieve either associative or cooperative play, but not both. 
A)  play forms do not emerge in a universally ordered sequence. 
B)  later-appearing play forms do not replace earlier ones. 
C)  children who spend many hours in nonsocial activity are at risk of behavior problems. 
D)  most children achieve either associative or cooperative play, but not both.

Question 20

Research shows that interventions designed to teach social problem solving

Accepted Answer

A)  do not benefit children from lower-SES homes. 
B)  often disrupt existing peer relationships. 
C)  offer children a sense of mastery in the face of stressful life events. 
D)  do not reduce the risk of adjustment difficulties for children from troubled families. 
A)  do not benefit children from lower-SES homes. 
B)  often disrupt existing peer relationships. 
C)  offer children a sense of mastery in the face of stressful life events. 
D)  do not reduce the risk of adjustment difficulties for children from troubled families.

Three-year-old Sara says, "I have three dolls. I have brown hair. I made a tall tower." This demonstrates that Sara is beginning to develop

Which of the following statements about gender-role learning in gender-segregated peer groups is true?

One strategy that has been quite effective in preventing child abuse is to

__________ is/are vital in managing emotion in early childhood.

Which of the following play behaviors is a cause for concern in a child?

Define self-concept and self-esteem. In what ways might parents foster these aspects of self-understanding in young children?

In the __________ child-rearing style, parents do not gradually grant autonomy, but rather allow children to make many of their own decisions at an age when they are not yet capable of doing so.

Which of the following statements about social experience and moral understanding is true?

Which of the following statements about the psychoanalytic perspective and the development of morality is true?

Although verbal aggression is always , aggression can be either direct or indirect.

Describe authoritative child rearing, and explain what makes it effective.

By age 3,

Four-year-old Christopher has authoritarian parents who sometimes physically abuse him. When his friend Joaquin has a bad day and cries, Christopher is most likely to react with

Because preschoolers have difficulty distinguishing between their desired and their actual competence, they

Mild, patient tactics are sufficient to prompt conscience development in __________ children.

Describe Mildred Parten's sequence of peer sociability, including follow-up research on the different types of play.

According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of the preschool years is

Preschoolers' self-concepts largely consist of

Longitudinal evidence indicates that

Research shows that interventions designed to teach social problem solving

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Filters

Exam 10: Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Three-year-old Sara says, "I have three dolls. I have brown hair. I made a tall tower." This demonstrates that Sara is beginning to develop

Which of the following statements about gender-role learning in gender-segregated peer groups is true?

One strategy that has been quite effective in preventing child abuse is to

__________ is/are vital in managing emotion in early childhood.

Which of the following play behaviors is a cause for concern in a child?

Define self-concept and self-esteem. In what ways might parents foster these aspects of self-understanding in young children?

In the __________ child-rearing style, parents do not gradually grant autonomy, but rather allow children to make many of their own decisions at an age when they are not yet capable of doing so.

Which of the following statements about social experience and moral understanding is true?

Which of the following statements about the psychoanalytic perspective and the development of morality is true?

Although verbal aggression is always __________, __________ aggression can be either direct or indirect.

Describe authoritative child rearing, and explain what makes it effective.

By age 3,

Four-year-old Christopher has authoritarian parents who sometimes physically abuse him. When his friend Joaquin has a bad day and cries, Christopher is most likely to react with

Because preschoolers have difficulty distinguishing between their desired and their actual competence, they

Mild, patient tactics are sufficient to prompt conscience development in __________ children.

Describe Mildred Parten's sequence of peer sociability, including follow-up research on the different types of play.

According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of the preschool years is

Preschoolers' self-concepts largely consist of

Longitudinal evidence indicates that

Research shows that interventions designed to teach social problem solving

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Filters

Although verbal aggression is always , aggression can be either direct or indirect.