Question 1

Among preschoolers, younger children's play is

Accepted Answer

A)  more cognitively and socially mature in single-age classrooms than in mixed-aged classrooms. 
B)  more cognitively and socially mature in mixed-age classrooms than in single-age classrooms. 
C)  often characterized by competition and object assertion. 
D)  often immature and functional, particularly for boys. 
A)  more cognitively and socially mature in single-age classrooms than in mixed-aged classrooms. 
B)  more cognitively and socially mature in mixed-age classrooms than in single-age classrooms. 
C)  often characterized by competition and object assertion. 
D)  often immature and functional, particularly for boys.

Question 2

Describe the differences between cliques and crowds, and how they develop.

Accepted Answer

In early adolescence, peer groups become

Question 3

Ephraim has an above-average IQ, but has extreme difficulty in reading. Ephraim most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  has mild mental retardation. 
B)  has a learning disability. 
C)  has a hearing impairment. 
D)  is an underachiever. 
A)  has mild mental retardation. 
B)  has a learning disability. 
C)  has a hearing impairment. 
D)  is an underachiever.

Question 4

On an international scale, reading, math, and science performance of U.S. students is

Accepted Answer

A)  higher than that of Japan or Korea. 
B)  at a high-performing level. 
C)  the lowest of all industrialized nations. 
D)  at or below average. 
A)  higher than that of Japan or Korea. 
B)  at a high-performing level. 
C)  the lowest of all industrialized nations. 
D)  at or below average.

Question 5

Chronic victims of bullying tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  require therapy later in life. 
B)  have parents who use an uninvolved or permissive child-rearing style. 
C)  be passive and have overprotecting mothers. 
D)  be relationally aggressive with peers and adults alike. 
A)  require therapy later in life. 
B)  have parents who use an uninvolved or permissive child-rearing style. 
C)  be passive and have overprotecting mothers. 
D)  be relationally aggressive with peers and adults alike.

Question 6

Which of the following interventions is most effective for changing the behavior of victimized children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use tutors who specialize in social skills. 
B)  Change victims' negative opinions of themselves. 
C)  Move aggressive children to an alternative school. 
D)  Develop a school code against bullying. 
A)  Use tutors who specialize in social skills. 
B)  Change victims' negative opinions of themselves. 
C)  Move aggressive children to an alternative school. 
D)  Develop a school code against bullying.

Question 7

Once a dominance hierarchy is established,

Accepted Answer

A)  hostility is rare. 
B)  hostility increases. 
C)  antisocial behavior emerges. 
D)  cliques begin to form. 
A)  hostility is rare. 
B)  hostility increases. 
C)  antisocial behavior emerges. 
D)  cliques begin to form.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true regarding boys' and girls' use of computers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Girls more often than boys connect to the Internet to download music. 
B)  Girls more often than boys use spreadsheets and graphics programs. 
C)  By the end of elementary school, girls spend more time with computers than boys. 
D)  More boys than girls rate their computer skills as "excellent." 
A)  Girls more often than boys connect to the Internet to download music. 
B)  Girls more often than boys use spreadsheets and graphics programs. 
C)  By the end of elementary school, girls spend more time with computers than boys. 
D)  More boys than girls rate their computer skills as "excellent."

Question 9

Close friends behave more prosocially toward each other

Accepted Answer

A)  when they are rewarded for helping and sharing. 
B)  when other people are observing them. 
C)  but they also disagree and compete with each other more than nonfriends. 
D)  but have difficulty expressing hurt feelings during conflict. 
A)  when they are rewarded for helping and sharing. 
B)  when other people are observing them. 
C)  but they also disagree and compete with each other more than nonfriends. 
D)  but have difficulty expressing hurt feelings during conflict.

Question 10

Twelve-year-old Luca comes from a middle-class Italian-American family. With which of the following individuals is Luca most likely to be friends?

Accepted Answer

A)  10-year-old Frank, who lives near Luca's cousin 
B)  12-year-old Sam, a low-SES Italian immigrant 
C)  13-year-old Aiden, who also comes from a middle-class Italian-American family 
D)  14-year-old Hannah, a popular Hispanic girl who plays softball with Luca's older sister 
A)  10-year-old Frank, who lives near Luca's cousin 
B)  12-year-old Sam, a low-SES Italian immigrant 
C)  13-year-old Aiden, who also comes from a middle-class Italian-American family 
D)  14-year-old Hannah, a popular Hispanic girl who plays softball with Luca's older sister

Question 11

Research shows that school recess

Accepted Answer

A)  subtracts from classroom learning. 
B)  offers few benefits to children over the age of 8. 
C)  boosts classroom learning. 
D)  only benefits students who are in good physical shape. 
A)  subtracts from classroom learning. 
B)  offers few benefits to children over the age of 8. 
C)  boosts classroom learning. 
D)  only benefits students who are in good physical shape.

Question 12

As Aria begins dating, the security of her romantic relationships will be affected by

Accepted Answer

A)  peer pressure to have sex. 
B)  her comfort with her own sexuality. 
C)  the intensity of her emotional attachment to her boyfriend. 
D)  the level and security of her attachment to her parents. 
A)  peer pressure to have sex. 
B)  her comfort with her own sexuality. 
C)  the intensity of her emotional attachment to her boyfriend. 
D)  the level and security of her attachment to her parents.

Question 13

Elementary and secondary school students describe good teachers as __________, __________, and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fun; easy graders; positive role models 
B)  laid back; not too serious; funny 
C)  caring; helpful; stimulating 
D)  authoritarian; professional; challenging 
A)  fun; easy graders; positive role models 
B)  laid back; not too serious; funny 
C)  caring; helpful; stimulating 
D)  authoritarian; professional; challenging

Question 14

__________ and __________ use is somewhat greater among European than among U.S. adolescents.

Accepted Answer

A)  Tobacco; alcohol 
B)  Alcohol; marijuana 
C)  Tobacco; marijuana 
D)  Marijuana; other illegal drug 
A)  Tobacco; alcohol 
B)  Alcohol; marijuana 
C)  Tobacco; marijuana 
D)  Marijuana; other illegal drug

Question 15

Which of the following has hampered efforts to regulate TV broadcasting in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of funding 
B)  intense pressure from parents 
C)  successful lobbying by television and film studios 
D)  the First Amendment right to free speech 
A)  lack of funding 
B)  intense pressure from parents 
C)  successful lobbying by television and film studios 
D)  the First Amendment right to free speech

Question 16

Whereas American parents and teachers tend to regard __________ as the key to academic success, Japanese, Korean, and Taiwanese parents and teachers believe that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  native ability; all children can succeed academically as long as they try hard 
B)  social forces; repetitive drills lead to greater math understanding 
C)  stimulating, academically demanding classrooms; native ability determines success 
D)  student motivation and parental guidance; work outside the classroom is essential 
A)  native ability; all children can succeed academically as long as they try hard 
B)  social forces; repetitive drills lead to greater math understanding 
C)  stimulating, academically demanding classrooms; native ability determines success 
D)  student motivation and parental guidance; work outside the classroom is essential

Question 17

When aggressive children make friends,

Accepted Answer

A)  their aggressive behavior declines and prosocial behavior increases. 
B)  they often seek playmates of the other sex. 
C)  the relationship is often riddled with hostile interaction. 
D)  they develop age-appropriate outlets for their aggressive behavior. 
A)  their aggressive behavior declines and prosocial behavior increases. 
B)  they often seek playmates of the other sex. 
C)  the relationship is often riddled with hostile interaction. 
D)  they develop age-appropriate outlets for their aggressive behavior.

Question 18

A small group of fifth-grade boys frequently picks on Dan, calling him names, hitting and tripping him, and taking his lunch money. Dan is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  peer victimization. 
B)  a dominance hierarchy. 
C)  gender harassment. 
D)  typical male aggression. 
A)  peer victimization. 
B)  a dominance hierarchy. 
C)  gender harassment. 
D)  typical male aggression.

Question 19

Which of the following options is best for Sally, a child with an above-average IQ who is experiencing extreme difficulty in math?

Accepted Answer

A)  Keep her in a regular classroom and assign extra math homework. 
B)  Place her in a special education class instead of a regular classroom. 
C)  Place her in a resource room for math and in a regular classroom for the rest of the day. 
D)  Tell her to study harder or she will be placed in a special education class. 
A)  Keep her in a regular classroom and assign extra math homework. 
B)  Place her in a special education class instead of a regular classroom. 
C)  Place her in a resource room for math and in a regular classroom for the rest of the day. 
D)  Tell her to study harder or she will be placed in a special education class.

Question 20

Prosocial TV programs promote children's kind and helpful acts

Accepted Answer

A)  up to several years later. 
B)  when shown in conjunction with violent programs. 
C)  only in real-life situations that imitate the TV programs. 
D)  only when they are free of violent content. 
A)  up to several years later. 
B)  when shown in conjunction with violent programs. 
C)  only in real-life situations that imitate the TV programs. 
D)  only when they are free of violent content.

Among preschoolers, younger children's play is

Describe the differences between cliques and crowds, and how they develop.

Ephraim has an above-average IQ, but has extreme difficulty in reading. Ephraim most likely

On an international scale, reading, math, and science performance of U.S. students is

Chronic victims of bullying tend to

Which of the following interventions is most effective for changing the behavior of victimized children?

Once a dominance hierarchy is established,

Which of the following statements is true regarding boys' and girls' use of computers?

Close friends behave more prosocially toward each other

Twelve-year-old Luca comes from a middle-class Italian-American family. With which of the following individuals is Luca most likely to be friends?

Research shows that school recess

As Aria begins dating, the security of her romantic relationships will be affected by

Elementary and secondary school students describe good teachers as , , and __.

and use is somewhat greater among European than among U.S. adolescents.

Which of the following has hampered efforts to regulate TV broadcasting in the United States?

Whereas American parents and teachers tend to regard as the key to academic success, Japanese, Korean, and Taiwanese parents and teachers believe that .

When aggressive children make friends,

A small group of fifth-grade boys frequently picks on Dan, calling him names, hitting and tripping him, and taking his lunch money. Dan is experiencing

Which of the following options is best for Sally, a child with an above-average IQ who is experiencing extreme difficulty in math?

Prosocial TV programs promote children's kind and helpful acts

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Filters

Exam 15: Peers, Media, and Schooling

Among preschoolers, younger children's play is

Describe the differences between cliques and crowds, and how they develop.

Ephraim has an above-average IQ, but has extreme difficulty in reading. Ephraim most likely

On an international scale, reading, math, and science performance of U.S. students is

Chronic victims of bullying tend to

Which of the following interventions is most effective for changing the behavior of victimized children?

Once a dominance hierarchy is established,

Which of the following statements is true regarding boys' and girls' use of computers?

Close friends behave more prosocially toward each other

Twelve-year-old Luca comes from a middle-class Italian-American family. With which of the following individuals is Luca most likely to be friends?

Research shows that school recess

As Aria begins dating, the security of her romantic relationships will be affected by

Elementary and secondary school students describe good teachers as __________, __________, and __________.

__________ and __________ use is somewhat greater among European than among U.S. adolescents.

Which of the following has hampered efforts to regulate TV broadcasting in the United States?

Whereas American parents and teachers tend to regard __________ as the key to academic success, Japanese, Korean, and Taiwanese parents and teachers believe that __________.

When aggressive children make friends,

A small group of fifth-grade boys frequently picks on Dan, calling him names, hitting and tripping him, and taking his lunch money. Dan is experiencing

Which of the following options is best for Sally, a child with an above-average IQ who is experiencing extreme difficulty in math?

Prosocial TV programs promote children's kind and helpful acts

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Filters

Elementary and secondary school students describe good teachers as , , and __.

and use is somewhat greater among European than among U.S. adolescents.

Whereas American parents and teachers tend to regard as the key to academic success, Japanese, Korean, and Taiwanese parents and teachers believe that .