Question 1

Compared with popular-aggressive children, rejected-aggressive children are

Accepted Answer

A)  more socially skilled. 
B)  more antagonistic. 
C)  less antagonistic. 
D)  more likely to be identified as controversial. 
A)  more socially skilled. 
B)  more antagonistic. 
C)  less antagonistic. 
D)  more likely to be identified as controversial.

Question 2

Which of the following types of peer sociability develops first?

Accepted Answer

A)  coordinated interaction in the form of mutual imitation, such as jumping, chasing, or banging a toy 
B)  an occasional reciprocal exchange with a grin, gesture, or imitation of a playmate's behavior 
C)  using words and gestures to influence a peer's behavior 
D)  imitative, turn-taking gestures and body movement 
A)  coordinated interaction in the form of mutual imitation, such as jumping, chasing, or banging a toy 
B)  an occasional reciprocal exchange with a grin, gesture, or imitation of a playmate's behavior 
C)  using words and gestures to influence a peer's behavior 
D)  imitative, turn-taking gestures and body movement

Question 3

Define educational self-fulfilling prophecies, and discuss how teacher bias affects students.

Accepted Answer

Educational self-fulfilling prophecies a

Question 4

As mutual trust and loyalty increase in importance, school-age children's friendships become more

Accepted Answer

A)  complex. 
B)  intimate. 
C)  unstable. 
D)  selective. 
A)  complex. 
B)  intimate. 
C)  unstable. 
D)  selective.

Question 5

American teenagers spend considerably more of their free time with peers than do Asian adolescents. What cultural factor accounts for this difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  American parents' encouragement of extracurricular activities 
B)  less demanding academic standards in the United States 
C)  the different roles of peer interaction in industrialized versus nonindustrialized nations 
D)  greater access to activities and organizations designed specifically for teenagers in the United States 
A)  American parents' encouragement of extracurricular activities 
B)  less demanding academic standards in the United States 
C)  the different roles of peer interaction in industrialized versus nonindustrialized nations 
D)  greater access to activities and organizations designed specifically for teenagers in the United States

Question 6

Research on neglected children indicates that they

Accepted Answer

A)  display a blend of positive and negative social behaviors. 
B)  often report feeling lonely and unhappy. 
C)  are deficient in social understanding and regulation of negative emotion. 
D)  are usually well-adjusted. 
A)  display a blend of positive and negative social behaviors. 
B)  often report feeling lonely and unhappy. 
C)  are deficient in social understanding and regulation of negative emotion. 
D)  are usually well-adjusted.

Question 7

Karina has just been placed in a "low-ability" reading group. What is a probable outcome of this placement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Karina will view herself as more intelligent than others in the group. 
B)  Karina will exhibit a drop in academic self-esteem. 
C)  Karina will exhibit an increase in academic motivation. 
D)  Karina's reading achievement will quickly improve, which will increase her self-esteem. 
A)  Karina will view herself as more intelligent than others in the group. 
B)  Karina will exhibit a drop in academic self-esteem. 
C)  Karina will exhibit an increase in academic motivation. 
D)  Karina's reading achievement will quickly improve, which will increase her self-esteem.

Question 8

When their teacher asks them what a friend is, Bonita and the other preschoolers in her class will most likely say that a friend is someone

Accepted Answer

A)  "who likes you." 
B)  "who makes me laugh when I am depressed." 
C)  like "my mommy." 
D)  "I can tell my thoughts to." 
A)  "who likes you." 
B)  "who makes me laugh when I am depressed." 
C)  like "my mommy." 
D)  "I can tell my thoughts to."

Question 9

Teacher expectations

Accepted Answer

A)  have a greater impact on girls than boys. 
B)  are most effective when they emphasize competition and publicly compare children. 
C)  are usually slanted in a positive direction. 
D)  have a greater impact on low-achieving than high-achieving students. 
A)  have a greater impact on girls than boys. 
B)  are most effective when they emphasize competition and publicly compare children. 
C)  are usually slanted in a positive direction. 
D)  have a greater impact on low-achieving than high-achieving students.

Question 10

It is the __________, not the __________, of solitary and parallel play that changes during early childhood.

Accepted Answer

A)  amount; type 
B)  type; amount 
C)  amount; context 
D)  theme; context 
A)  amount; type 
B)  type; amount 
C)  amount; context 
D)  theme; context

Question 11

Gender stereotypes are especially prevalent in

Accepted Answer

A)  late night television. 
B)  talk shows. 
C)  cartoons and music television. 
D)  the news and educational programs. 
A)  late night television. 
B)  talk shows. 
C)  cartoons and music television. 
D)  the news and educational programs.

Question 12

Children first acquire skills for interacting with peers

Accepted Answer

A)  from cartoon characters. 
B)  from child-care workers. 
C)  when they begin formal schooling. 
D)  within the family. 
A)  from cartoon characters. 
B)  from child-care workers. 
C)  when they begin formal schooling. 
D)  within the family.

Question 13

About __________ percent of adolescents are physically or sexually abused by dating partners.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 10 
B)  10 to 20 
C)  20 to 30 
D)  30 to 40 
A)  5 to 10 
B)  10 to 20 
C)  20 to 30 
D)  30 to 40

Question 14

Magnet schools offer

Accepted Answer

A)  education to ethnically diverse students, although achievement results remain similar to more segregated schools. 
B)  more exclusive education to high-SES students who are able to afford it. 
C)  the usual curriculum, plus an emphasis on a specific area of interest. 
D)  education in a specific area of interest to select groups of homogeneous students. 
A)  education to ethnically diverse students, although achievement results remain similar to more segregated schools. 
B)  more exclusive education to high-SES students who are able to afford it. 
C)  the usual curriculum, plus an emphasis on a specific area of interest. 
D)  education in a specific area of interest to select groups of homogeneous students.

Question 15

If Evita has a history of drug use, delinquency, and aggression in peer relationships, the likelihood that she will

Accepted Answer

A)  engage in unhealthy weight control tactics decreases. 
B)  experience a satisfying, long-term relationship increases. 
C)  experience dating violence increases. 
D)  engage in risky sexual behavior decreases. 
A)  engage in unhealthy weight control tactics decreases. 
B)  experience a satisfying, long-term relationship increases. 
C)  experience dating violence increases. 
D)  engage in risky sexual behavior decreases.

Question 16

While playing at the park, Sam and Carlos run after one another, wrestle, and pretend to fight. The boys are engaged in

Accepted Answer

A)  functional play. 
B)  a hostile interaction. 
C)  rough-and-tumble play. 
D)  repetitive motor action. 
A)  functional play. 
B)  a hostile interaction. 
C)  rough-and-tumble play. 
D)  repetitive motor action.

Question 17

When Mario leans in to take his turn at marbles, his knee repeatedly knocks the marbles askew. Talbot says, "It's frustrating when you do that. Try kneeling over here so that you don't mess up the game." Talbot's statement is reflective of a __________ child.

Accepted Answer

A)  popular-prosocial 
B)  rejected-aggressive 
C)  rejected-withdrawn 
D)  popular-antisocial 
A)  popular-prosocial 
B)  rejected-aggressive 
C)  rejected-withdrawn 
D)  popular-antisocial

Question 18

Children in a preschool classroom are more likely to work in small groups and collaborate when __________ than in other pursuits.

Accepted Answer

A)  trying to read a story without a teacher's assistance 
B)  working on computer activities 
C)  playing with technology, such as iPods or iPads, 
D)  playing in the "home living" area of the classroom 
A)  trying to read a story without a teacher's assistance 
B)  working on computer activities 
C)  playing with technology, such as iPods or iPads, 
D)  playing in the "home living" area of the classroom

Question 19

Angelina is a teenager with high levels of conflict with her parents. When asked by an online friend to meet in person, Angelina is more likely than her peers to

Accepted Answer

A)  end the online friendship without ever meeting the person face-to-face. 
B)  ask a sibling or friend to attend the meeting with her. 
C)  attend the meeting without telling her parents. 
D)  maintain the online friendship but avoid meeting the person. 
A)  end the online friendship without ever meeting the person face-to-face. 
B)  ask a sibling or friend to attend the meeting with her. 
C)  attend the meeting without telling her parents. 
D)  maintain the online friendship but avoid meeting the person.

Question 20

Since the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education decision ordering schools to desegregate, school integration has

Accepted Answer

A)  been detrimental to both majority and minority student achievement. 
B)  been successfully achieved in most school districts in the United States. 
C)  receded since the late 1980s. 
D)  mostly eliminated the racial divide in U.S. education. 
A)  been detrimental to both majority and minority student achievement. 
B)  been successfully achieved in most school districts in the United States. 
C)  receded since the late 1980s. 
D)  mostly eliminated the racial divide in U.S. education.

Compared with popular-aggressive children, rejected-aggressive children are

Which of the following types of peer sociability develops first?

Define educational self-fulfilling prophecies, and discuss how teacher bias affects students.

As mutual trust and loyalty increase in importance, school-age children's friendships become more

American teenagers spend considerably more of their free time with peers than do Asian adolescents. What cultural factor accounts for this difference?

Research on neglected children indicates that they

Karina has just been placed in a "low-ability" reading group. What is a probable outcome of this placement?

When their teacher asks them what a friend is, Bonita and the other preschoolers in her class will most likely say that a friend is someone

Teacher expectations

It is the , not the , of solitary and parallel play that changes during early childhood.

Gender stereotypes are especially prevalent in

Children first acquire skills for interacting with peers

About __________ percent of adolescents are physically or sexually abused by dating partners.

Magnet schools offer

If Evita has a history of drug use, delinquency, and aggression in peer relationships, the likelihood that she will

While playing at the park, Sam and Carlos run after one another, wrestle, and pretend to fight. The boys are engaged in

When Mario leans in to take his turn at marbles, his knee repeatedly knocks the marbles askew. Talbot says, "It's frustrating when you do that. Try kneeling over here so that you don't mess up the game." Talbot's statement is reflective of a __________ child.

Children in a preschool classroom are more likely to work in small groups and collaborate when __________ than in other pursuits.

Angelina is a teenager with high levels of conflict with her parents. When asked by an online friend to meet in person, Angelina is more likely than her peers to

Since the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education decision ordering schools to desegregate, school integration has

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Filters

Exam 15: Peers, Media, and Schooling

Compared with popular-aggressive children, rejected-aggressive children are

Which of the following types of peer sociability develops first?

Define educational self-fulfilling prophecies, and discuss how teacher bias affects students.

As mutual trust and loyalty increase in importance, school-age children's friendships become more

American teenagers spend considerably more of their free time with peers than do Asian adolescents. What cultural factor accounts for this difference?

Research on neglected children indicates that they

Karina has just been placed in a "low-ability" reading group. What is a probable outcome of this placement?

When their teacher asks them what a friend is, Bonita and the other preschoolers in her class will most likely say that a friend is someone

Teacher expectations

It is the __________, not the __________, of solitary and parallel play that changes during early childhood.

Gender stereotypes are especially prevalent in

Children first acquire skills for interacting with peers

About __________ percent of adolescents are physically or sexually abused by dating partners.

Magnet schools offer

If Evita has a history of drug use, delinquency, and aggression in peer relationships, the likelihood that she will

While playing at the park, Sam and Carlos run after one another, wrestle, and pretend to fight. The boys are engaged in

When Mario leans in to take his turn at marbles, his knee repeatedly knocks the marbles askew. Talbot says, "It's frustrating when you do that. Try kneeling over here so that you don't mess up the game." Talbot's statement is reflective of a __________ child.

Children in a preschool classroom are more likely to work in small groups and collaborate when __________ than in other pursuits.

Angelina is a teenager with high levels of conflict with her parents. When asked by an online friend to meet in person, Angelina is more likely than her peers to

Since the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education decision ordering schools to desegregate, school integration has

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Filters

It is the , not the , of solitary and parallel play that changes during early childhood.