Question 1

Which of the following statements is true about attachment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contemporary research indicates that an infant's emotional tie to the mother is the foundation of all later relationships. 
B)  Because feeding is an important context for building a relationship, attachment depends on hunger satisfaction. 
C)  Although the parent-infant bond is vitally important, later development is influenced not just by early attachment experiences but also by the continuing quality of the parent-child relationship. 
D)  Rhesus monkeys reared with terry-cloth and wire-mesh "surrogate mothers" clung to whichever mother-substitute held their bottle and fed them, regardless of the substitute's softness. 
A)  Contemporary research indicates that an infant's emotional tie to the mother is the foundation of all later relationships. 
B)  Because feeding is an important context for building a relationship, attachment depends on hunger satisfaction. 
C)  Although the parent-infant bond is vitally important, later development is influenced not just by early attachment experiences but also by the continuing quality of the parent-child relationship. 
D)  Rhesus monkeys reared with terry-cloth and wire-mesh "surrogate mothers" clung to whichever mother-substitute held their bottle and fed them, regardless of the substitute's softness.

Question 2

Which of the following children is likely to display the most intense anger reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  a hungry newborn 
B)  a bored 6-month-old 
C)  a 12-month-old who has just had a toy taken away by a playmate 
D)  an 18-month-old who has been put down for an unwanted nap 
A)  a hungry newborn 
B)  a bored 6-month-old 
C)  a 12-month-old who has just had a toy taken away by a playmate 
D)  an 18-month-old who has been put down for an unwanted nap

Question 3

One-year-old Dominic demonstrates a high level of persistence. This temperamental characteristic correlates with

Accepted Answer

A)  frustration and overreaction. 
B)  infant mental test scores and preschool IQ. 
C)  poor social skills. 
D)  strong interpersonal skills. 
A)  frustration and overreaction. 
B)  infant mental test scores and preschool IQ. 
C)  poor social skills. 
D)  strong interpersonal skills.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a self-conscious emotion?

Accepted Answer

A)  pride 
B)  happiness 
C)  sadness 
D)  anger 
A)  pride 
B)  happiness 
C)  sadness 
D)  anger

Question 5

U.S. child-care settings providing the very worst care tend to serve __________ families.

Accepted Answer

A)  low-SES 
B)  middle-SES 
C)  high-SES 
D)  ethnic minority 
A)  low-SES 
B)  middle-SES 
C)  high-SES 
D)  ethnic minority

Question 6

One criticism of parental reports of temperament is that

Accepted Answer

A)  most parents do not understand the measures used in temperament research. 
B)  they are inconvenient for researchers to administer. 
C)  depressed mothers perceive their babies as less difficult than they really are. 
D)  information from parents is biased. 
A)  most parents do not understand the measures used in temperament research. 
B)  they are inconvenient for researchers to administer. 
C)  depressed mothers perceive their babies as less difficult than they really are. 
D)  information from parents is biased.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true about the Attachment Q-Sort?

Accepted Answer

A)  It taps only a small number of attachment-related behaviors. 
B)  Results cannot be used to determine real-life interventions for insecure children. 
C)  It taps a wider array of attachment-related behaviors than the Strange Situation. 
D)  It is efficient because the nonparent informant spends just a few minutes observing the child. 
A)  It taps only a small number of attachment-related behaviors. 
B)  Results cannot be used to determine real-life interventions for insecure children. 
C)  It taps a wider array of attachment-related behaviors than the Strange Situation. 
D)  It is efficient because the nonparent informant spends just a few minutes observing the child.

Question 8

As Toshio approaches any situation, he rapidly appraises its personal significance, which prepares him for action. What does Toshio's appraisal represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotion 
B)  theory 
C)  attitude 
D)  temperament 
A)  emotion 
B)  theory 
C)  attitude 
D)  temperament

Question 9

Self-conscious emotions

Accepted Answer

A)  appear in the middle of the first year. 
B)  are universal in humans and other primates. 
C)  involve injury to or enhancement of our sense of self. 
D)  predict academic achievement during adolescence. 
A)  appear in the middle of the first year. 
B)  are universal in humans and other primates. 
C)  involve injury to or enhancement of our sense of self. 
D)  predict academic achievement during adolescence.

Question 10

Long-term prediction from early temperament is best achieved

Accepted Answer

A)  during early infancy. 
B)  before the first birthday. 
C)  during the second year of life. 
D)  after age 3. 
A)  during early infancy. 
B)  before the first birthday. 
C)  during the second year of life. 
D)  after age 3.

Question 11

Cross-cultural evidence reveals that people around the world

Accepted Answer

A)  associate photographs of different facial expressions with emotions in the same way. 
B)  use the same responses to express a particular emotion. 
C)  become freer and more open about emotional expression with age. 
D)  exhibit similar levels of stranger anxiety in infancy. 
A)  associate photographs of different facial expressions with emotions in the same way. 
B)  use the same responses to express a particular emotion. 
C)  become freer and more open about emotional expression with age. 
D)  exhibit similar levels of stranger anxiety in infancy.

Question 12

Research on the Aka of Central Africa reveals that a strong father-infant relationship is due in great part to a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  unusually cooperative and intimate bond between husband and wife. 
B)  lack of respect for women within the tribe. 
C)  lack of respect for men within the tribe. 
D)  strong division of male and female duties in the tribe. 
A)  unusually cooperative and intimate bond between husband and wife. 
B)  lack of respect for women within the tribe. 
C)  lack of respect for men within the tribe. 
D)  strong division of male and female duties in the tribe.

Question 13

Colin is a highly active preschooler. Colin probably tends to be __________ than his agemates.

Accepted Answer

A)  less sociable with peers 
B)  less aggressive 
C)  involved in more conflict 
D)  a higher achiever 
A)  less sociable with peers 
B)  less aggressive 
C)  involved in more conflict 
D)  a higher achiever

Question 14

During __________, advances in perspective taking permit an empathic response not just to people's immediate distress, but also to their general life condition.

Accepted Answer

A)  infancy and toddlerhood 
B)  early childhood 
C)  middle childhood 
D)  late childhood and adolescence 
A)  infancy and toddlerhood 
B)  early childhood 
C)  middle childhood 
D)  late childhood and adolescence

Question 15

Which of the following describes the probable reaction of a 3-month-old who hears another infant crying?

Accepted Answer

A)  cries in response to the infant's crying 
B)  attempts to pat and comfort the other infant 
C)  watches the other infant with a sense of curiosity 
D)  cries louder than the other infant to gain a caregiver's attention 
A)  cries in response to the infant's crying 
B)  attempts to pat and comfort the other infant 
C)  watches the other infant with a sense of curiosity 
D)  cries louder than the other infant to gain a caregiver's attention

Question 16

The most frequent expression of fear is

Accepted Answer

A)  stranger anxiety. 
B)  the fear of falling. 
C)  the fear of unfamiliar objects and toys. 
D)  separation anxiety. 
A)  stranger anxiety. 
B)  the fear of falling. 
C)  the fear of unfamiliar objects and toys. 
D)  separation anxiety.

Question 17

A special form of communication called __________ separates the experiences of secure from insecure babies.

Accepted Answer

A)  interactional synchrony 
B)  harmonious rhythm 
C)  goodness-of-fit 
D)  the maternal waltz 
A)  interactional synchrony 
B)  harmonious rhythm 
C)  goodness-of-fit 
D)  the maternal waltz

Question 18

Which of the following is the most effective method for a caregiver to encourage a wary 18-month old child to play with an unfamiliar toy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quietly place the toy near the child. 
B)  Engage the child in eye contact, smile, and point to the toy. 
C)  Carry the child to the toy and silently put the child down. 
D)  Use vocal encouragement, either alone or with a positive facial expression. 
A)  Quietly place the toy near the child. 
B)  Engage the child in eye contact, smile, and point to the toy. 
C)  Carry the child to the toy and silently put the child down. 
D)  Use vocal encouragement, either alone or with a positive facial expression.

Question 19

Studies of child-care quality in the United States found that __________ percent of child-care centers and family child-care settings provide infants and toddlers with sufficiently positive, stimulating experiences to promote healthy psychological development.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 10 
B)  20 to 25 
C)  35 to 40 
D)  50 to 60 
A)  5 to 10 
B)  20 to 25 
C)  35 to 40 
D)  50 to 60

Question 20

Some researchers claim that young babies respond in kind to others' emotions through a built-in, automatic process of

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional contagion. 
B)  habituation and recovery. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  social referencing. 
A)  emotional contagion. 
B)  habituation and recovery. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  social referencing.

Which of the following statements is true about attachment?

Which of the following children is likely to display the most intense anger reaction?

One-year-old Dominic demonstrates a high level of persistence. This temperamental characteristic correlates with

Which of the following is an example of a self-conscious emotion?

U.S. child-care settings providing the very worst care tend to serve __________ families.

One criticism of parental reports of temperament is that

Which of the following statements is true about the Attachment Q-Sort?

As Toshio approaches any situation, he rapidly appraises its personal significance, which prepares him for action. What does Toshio's appraisal represent?

Self-conscious emotions

Long-term prediction from early temperament is best achieved

Cross-cultural evidence reveals that people around the world

Research on the Aka of Central Africa reveals that a strong father-infant relationship is due in great part to a(n)

Colin is a highly active preschooler. Colin probably tends to be __________ than his agemates.

During __________, advances in perspective taking permit an empathic response not just to people's immediate distress, but also to their general life condition.

Which of the following describes the probable reaction of a 3-month-old who hears another infant crying?

The most frequent expression of fear is

A special form of communication called __________ separates the experiences of secure from insecure babies.

Which of the following is the most effective method for a caregiver to encourage a wary 18-month old child to play with an unfamiliar toy?

Studies of child-care quality in the United States found that __________ percent of child-care centers and family child-care settings provide infants and toddlers with sufficiently positive, stimulating experiences to promote healthy psychological development.

Some researchers claim that young babies respond in kind to others' emotions through a built-in, automatic process of

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 10: Emotional Development

Which of the following statements is true about attachment?

Which of the following children is likely to display the most intense anger reaction?

One-year-old Dominic demonstrates a high level of persistence. This temperamental characteristic correlates with

Which of the following is an example of a self-conscious emotion?

U.S. child-care settings providing the very worst care tend to serve __________ families.

One criticism of parental reports of temperament is that

Which of the following statements is true about the Attachment Q-Sort?

As Toshio approaches any situation, he rapidly appraises its personal significance, which prepares him for action. What does Toshio's appraisal represent?

Self-conscious emotions

Long-term prediction from early temperament is best achieved

Cross-cultural evidence reveals that people around the world

Research on the Aka of Central Africa reveals that a strong father-infant relationship is due in great part to a(n)

Colin is a highly active preschooler. Colin probably tends to be __________ than his agemates.

During __________, advances in perspective taking permit an empathic response not just to people's immediate distress, but also to their general life condition.

Which of the following describes the probable reaction of a 3-month-old who hears another infant crying?

The most frequent expression of fear is

A special form of communication called __________ separates the experiences of secure from insecure babies.

Which of the following is the most effective method for a caregiver to encourage a wary 18-month old child to play with an unfamiliar toy?

Studies of child-care quality in the United States found that __________ percent of child-care centers and family child-care settings provide infants and toddlers with sufficiently positive, stimulating experiences to promote healthy psychological development.

Some researchers claim that young babies respond in kind to others' emotions through a built-in, automatic process of

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters