Exam 8: Local Government Powers

_________________ programs treat development as a commodity separate from the land itself.

For hazard mitigation purposes, local zoning maps may be accompanied by regulations that restrict inappropriate uses in:

A significant problem in many communities involves _____________ that do not reflect actual flood risks in the jurisdiction, often because new development has changed stormwater flows, which can increase flood levels dramatically.

Under the ___________________ local and state governments are required to prepare hazard mitigation plans in order to receive federal mitigation funds in the future.

_____________ taxes have traditionally been the largest single source of revenue for most local governments, sometimes providing more than half of all receipts.

Regulatory powers granted by the State to local governments are the most basic way that a local government can control growth and development within its jurisdiction.

Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) is a complex system, which often makes it difficult for local governments to implement and for landowners to understand and accept. Describe failures that occurred in Collier, Florida in the early 80's, and what actions would have made the TDR successful.

Purchase of Development Rights (PDR) as a strategy to mitigate hazards is best used by promoting high-rise development along ocean beaches because of the increased value for tourism.

The number of Americans at risk from earthquakes, landslides, and inland flooding has increased dramatically but the trend for future risks have leveled off considerably.

Among the powers held by local governments is the authority, and even the duty, to educate the community. Discuss the importance of using the power of education to mitigate the impacts of hazards and include several different methods that local communities can use to promote community awareness.

________________________ is used to keep inappropriate development out of hazard-prone areas, and can be accomplished by increasing minimum lot size or reducing the number of dwelling units permitted per acre.

Differential Assessment is a technique for reducing the _______________ on land facing development pressure by recognizing that undeveloped properties require fewer public services.

When discussing land use management tools, _____________ is referred to as the intensity of development in terms of distance between structures, lot size, building height and number of people and structures per acre.

Councils of Government (COGs) are legally mandated organizations of county and municipal governments that provide services that are handled on a regional basis rather than by individual local governments.

There are several different methods that local communities can use to promote community awareness, including:

Sustainable development is development that is best defined as:

Legislation in some states allows municipalities and counties to enter into inter-local agreements known as Mutual Aid Agreements to cooperatively perform any function that can be carried out as an individual local government.

__________ regulates how property within the jurisdiction may be used by dividing the community into different districts or zones and specifying the use, density, bulk, or other factors associated with future development.

Typical services provided by Councils of Government COGs include programs for senior citizens, land use planning, economic development, environmental protection, and other types of collaborative efforts.

______________ are typically one-time, up-front charges (although some jurisdictions allow payments over time) against new development to pay for off-site improvements, including schools, sewer and water treatment plants, fire stations, community centers and other local facilities.