Exam 7: Ethics

__________ claims that everyone always acts to his or her own advantage and that the only reason why a person performs a morally good action is because it serves his or her own interests. In popular language, this is called selfishness.

How plausible is the idea that men and women make their moral choices using different rules and criteria? Given the choice between saving your own child's life and the life of someone else's child, what would you do, and why? What would Mill do? Kant?

Nietzsche is often viewed as the most extreme of the __________.

Bentham said that "nature has placed mankind under two sovereign masters." They are __________.

The whole enterprise of mothering has been historically left out of moral theory until recently, as if it were a purely biological function without a rational, philosophical component.

Hume argued that there was no distinction between reason and sentiment.

Morality can be defined as a set of fundamental rules that guides our actions.

Aristotle based his view of morality on the concept of "virtue" and his idea that man is by nature a social and irrational wild animal.

Aristotle's conception of happiness (eudaimonia) is a possible state for anyone to achieve.

Utilitarianism is often characterized as a kind of __________.