Exam 3: Evolutionary and Genetic Foundations of Psychology

Why it's so difficult to obtain the complete genome of a large number of people?

Studies that compare human behaviour with other species are pointless as animal models are highly simplified versions of humans.

A gene that controls for the skin colour of a variety of apples has two alleles A and a. The allele A is dominant and it is associated with the colour red, whereas the allele a is recessive and it is associated with the colour yellow. If two heterozygous apples are crossed with each other, what is the probability of one of the offspring being red?

"The Fight or Flight response is a physiological reaction triggered by fearful events. Fear is a normal emotion felt in response to a threat or imminent danger. The autonomic nervous system is the main mechanism in control of this response and its role is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system activates the physiological changes that occur during the Fight or Flight response, releasing norepinephrine. The parasympathetic nervous system acts together with the sympathetic system, returning the body to homeostasis with the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." This is an example of:

Which is the best known, and more frequent, type of genetic trisomy? Which chromosome is affected?

The Palestine mole rat is an example of biological altruism in mammals.

DNA is organized into:

Provide an example of a constraint on adaptation.

Platek, Burch, Panyavin, Wasserman and Gallup (2002) found that men strongly prefer babies:

It is thanks to a long process of __________ by natural selection that organisms carry on characteristics that appeared to be useful to their survival.

With respect to translation, which of the following statements is ACCURATE?

Mutant alleles act on a behaviour __________.

Define what is a 'negative cognitive bias' and describe a famous experiment which showed that even animals can show signs of it.

"The Fight or Flight response is a physiological reaction triggered by fearful events. Fear is a normal emotion felt in response to a threat or imminent danger. The Fight or Flight response evolved to enable humans to react appropriately to danger, by running away, freezing to become less visible, or fighting." This is an example of:

Down syndrome is a type of trisomy that involves an extra copy of:

Differential reproductive success can be determined by:

Which scientist first realised that the ancestors of the next generation are not a random subset of individuals but consist of individuals who had characteristics beneficial for survival and reproduction?

Which of the following statements CORRECTLY defines what b represents in the Hamilton's rule?

Alleles for __________ have zero __________ since they do not underlie behaviours that promote reproduction. However, these alleles do not extinct because they promote the __________ fitness of other individuals.

At what age do foragers produce a large surplus of food that it is socially redistributed?