Question 1

Susan has always been praised for hard work and good grades. From a pure behavioral perspective, Susan's pattern of turning in high-quality homework reflects

Accepted Answer

A)  her genetic propensity for conscientiousness. 
B)  sublimation of her less socially valued desires. 
C)  the impact of social modeling. 
D)  a response tendency. 
A)  her genetic propensity for conscientiousness. 
B)  sublimation of her less socially valued desires. 
C)  the impact of social modeling. 
D)  a response tendency.

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.
   
Tyler, a manager at a small software company, took part in a companywide evaluation using the NEO PI-R. The table shows an overview of Tyler's results.
-The nature of the NEO PI-R as a standardized test suggests that Tyler's results

Accepted Answer

A)  fit a somewhat common pattern. 
B)  accurately describe his character. 
C)  could be rated in terms of percentiles. 
D)  are highly reproducible. 
A)  fit a somewhat common pattern. 
B)  accurately describe his character. 
C)  could be rated in terms of percentiles. 
D)  are highly reproducible.

Question 3

Genes account for approximately _______ percent of variation of differences in personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  10-20 
B)  30-40 
C)  40-50 
D)  60-70 
A)  10-20 
B)  30-40 
C)  40-50 
D)  60-70

Question 4

A strength of the social learning perspective is the emphasis on

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical analysis of personality traits. 
B)  the interplay of conscious and unconscious factors. 
C)  environmental influences. 
D)  biological and genetic factors that influence learning. 
A)  statistical analysis of personality traits. 
B)  the interplay of conscious and unconscious factors. 
C)  environmental influences. 
D)  biological and genetic factors that influence learning.

Question 5

Nia comes from a culture that highly values cooperation and shared credit for achievements. Her background means she is likely to be _______ than she might have been if raised in a more competitive culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower in extraversion 
B)  lower in agreeableness 
C)  higher in openness 
D)  higher in neuroticism 
A)  lower in extraversion 
B)  lower in agreeableness 
C)  higher in openness 
D)  higher in neuroticism

Question 6

To identify the most basic personality traits, researchers have relied on

Accepted Answer

A)  opinions of expert theorists. 
B)  projective tests. 
C)  factor analysis. 
D)  genetic predictors. 
A)  opinions of expert theorists. 
B)  projective tests. 
C)  factor analysis. 
D)  genetic predictors.

Question 7

As a child, Lawrence tended to be more solitary and less talkative than most of his peers. As an adult, his personality test results characterized him as introverted. Which conclusion is best supported by the findings of longitudinal studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lawrence was a low reactive baby. 
B)  Lawrence was a low reactive or moderate reactive baby. 
C)  Lawrence was a high reactive baby. 
D)  Lawrence's degree of reactivity cannot be determined. 
A)  Lawrence was a low reactive baby. 
B)  Lawrence was a low reactive or moderate reactive baby. 
C)  Lawrence was a high reactive baby. 
D)  Lawrence's degree of reactivity cannot be determined.

Question 8

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.
   
Tyler, a manager at a small software company, took part in a companywide evaluation using the NEO PI-R. The table shows an overview of Tyler's results.
-In connection with the results, which statement most reasonably explains how an additional finding would bear on the reliability or validity of the NEO PI-R test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tyler enjoys trying new kinds of international cuisine, which tends to support the reliability of the test. 
B)  Tyler tends to be argumentative in meetings at work, which tends to support the validity of the test. 
C)  Tyler has only a few close friends, which tends to weaken the reliability of the test. 
D)  Tyler received a different rating for openness when he took the test five years ago, which tends to weaken the validity of the test. 
A)  Tyler enjoys trying new kinds of international cuisine, which tends to support the reliability of the test. 
B)  Tyler tends to be argumentative in meetings at work, which tends to support the validity of the test. 
C)  Tyler has only a few close friends, which tends to weaken the reliability of the test. 
D)  Tyler received a different rating for openness when he took the test five years ago, which tends to weaken the validity of the test.

Question 9

A new therapy client is interested in how stress-reactive and sociable he is compared to the average person. The most useful assessment tool would be the

Accepted Answer

A)  Rorschach test. 
B)  TAT. 
C)  Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. 
D)  NEO PI-R. 
A)  Rorschach test. 
B)  TAT. 
C)  Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. 
D)  NEO PI-R.

Question 10

Someone considered sanguine, according to Galen's model of humors, would likely score high in

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism. 
B)  extraversion. 
C)  conscientiousness. 
D)  openness. 
A)  neuroticism. 
B)  extraversion. 
C)  conscientiousness. 
D)  openness.

Question 11

Individuals in western societies characterized by individualism tend to score relatively _______ on scales of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  low; neuroticism 
B)  low; extraversion 
C)  high; neuroticism 
D)  high; extraversion 
A)  low; neuroticism 
B)  low; extraversion 
C)  high; neuroticism 
D)  high; extraversion

Question 12

According to Freud, both conscious and unconscious thoughts and feelings are characteristic of the

Accepted Answer

A)  id only. 
B)  superego only. 
C)  id and ego. 
D)  ego and superego. 
A)  id only. 
B)  superego only. 
C)  id and ego. 
D)  ego and superego.

Question 13

Why would a psychoanalyst assume that a dream about turning up at school naked had some psychological significance?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysts believe that th

Question 14

The personality trait of introversion

Accepted Answer

A)  is equivalent to shyness. 
B)  correlates strongly with agreeableness and neuroticism. 
C)  involves enjoyment of solitary activities. 
D)  arises because the brain needs more external stimulation. 
A)  is equivalent to shyness. 
B)  correlates strongly with agreeableness and neuroticism. 
C)  involves enjoyment of solitary activities. 
D)  arises because the brain needs more external stimulation.

Question 15

Which of the following true-false questions would most likely be used on a lie scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Sometimes I worry about my health." 
B)  "I have never disliked anyone." 
C)  "I am a fairly easygoing person." 
D)  "I prefer spending time alone." 
A)  "Sometimes I worry about my health." 
B)  "I have never disliked anyone." 
C)  "I am a fairly easygoing person." 
D)  "I prefer spending time alone."

Question 16

A personality scale includes questions about whether or not a person does a thorough job, tends to be careful, and sticks with jobs until they are finished. This scale is measuring the big five trait of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A personality scale includes questions about whether...

Question 17

Jorge's scores on the NEO PI-R show that he is extremely high in conscientiousness. This information will likely be most useful in predicting his behavior

Accepted Answer

A)  at work. 
B)  at a party. 
C)  during a therapy session. 
D)  averaged across many settings. 
A)  at work. 
B)  at a party. 
C)  during a therapy session. 
D)  averaged across many settings.

Question 18

During a recent exam, Josh copied an answer from a neighbor. When he admitted this to a friend, Josh added, "Everyone does that once in a while. I'm just leveling the playing field." Based on Freud's ideas, which of the following defense mechanisms was Josh employing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regression 
B)  Rationalization 
C)  Projection 
D)  Displacement 
A)  Regression 
B)  Rationalization 
C)  Projection 
D)  Displacement

Question 19

Strict behaviorists like B.F. Skinner see personality as

Accepted Answer

A)  a pattern of behavior based on consistent environmental responses. 
B)  fixed by early childhood environment. 
C)  an irrelevant concept because behavior is so variable. 
D)  rooted in genetic factors. 
A)  a pattern of behavior based on consistent environmental responses. 
B)  fixed by early childhood environment. 
C)  an irrelevant concept because behavior is so variable. 
D)  rooted in genetic factors.

Question 20

Your younger brother is convinced that his teachers write tests that are totally unrelated to lectures and the text. He never studies for tests and blames his bad grades on unfair teachers. His approach most clearly illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  reaction formation. 
B)  social modeling. 
C)  neuroticism. 
D)  an external locus of control. 
A)  reaction formation. 
B)  social modeling. 
C)  neuroticism. 
D)  an external locus of control.

Susan has always been praised for hard work and good grades. From a pure behavioral perspective, Susan's pattern of turning in high-quality homework reflects

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. Tyler, a manager at a small software company, took part in a companywide evaluation using the NEO PI-R. The table shows an overview of Tyler's results. -The nature of the NEO PI-R as a standardized test suggests that Tyler's results

Genes account for approximately _______ percent of variation of differences in personality.

A strength of the social learning perspective is the emphasis on

Nia comes from a culture that highly values cooperation and shared credit for achievements. Her background means she is likely to be _______ than she might have been if raised in a more competitive culture.

To identify the most basic personality traits, researchers have relied on

As a child, Lawrence tended to be more solitary and less talkative than most of his peers. As an adult, his personality test results characterized him as introverted. Which conclusion is best supported by the findings of longitudinal studies?

A new therapy client is interested in how stress-reactive and sociable he is compared to the average person. The most useful assessment tool would be the

Someone considered sanguine, according to Galen's model of humors, would likely score high in

Individuals in western societies characterized by individualism tend to score relatively _ on scales of _.

According to Freud, both conscious and unconscious thoughts and feelings are characteristic of the

Why would a psychoanalyst assume that a dream about turning up at school naked had some psychological significance?

The personality trait of introversion

Which of the following true-false questions would most likely be used on a lie scale?

A personality scale includes questions about whether or not a person does a thorough job, tends to be careful, and sticks with jobs until they are finished. This scale is measuring the big five trait of _______.

Jorge's scores on the NEO PI-R show that he is extremely high in conscientiousness. This information will likely be most useful in predicting his behavior

During a recent exam, Josh copied an answer from a neighbor. When he admitted this to a friend, Josh added, "Everyone does that once in a while. I'm just leveling the playing field." Based on Freud's ideas, which of the following defense mechanisms was Josh employing?

Strict behaviorists like B.F. Skinner see personality as

Your younger brother is convinced that his teachers write tests that are totally unrelated to lectures and the text. He never studies for tests and blames his bad grades on unfair teachers. His approach most clearly illustrates

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

Exam 14: Personality

Susan has always been praised for hard work and good grades. From a pure behavioral perspective, Susan's pattern of turning in high-quality homework reflects

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. Tyler, a manager at a small software company, took part in a companywide evaluation using the NEO PI-R. The table shows an overview of Tyler's results. -The nature of the NEO PI-R as a standardized test suggests that Tyler's results

Genes account for approximately _______ percent of variation of differences in personality.

A strength of the social learning perspective is the emphasis on

Nia comes from a culture that highly values cooperation and shared credit for achievements. Her background means she is likely to be _______ than she might have been if raised in a more competitive culture.

To identify the most basic personality traits, researchers have relied on

As a child, Lawrence tended to be more solitary and less talkative than most of his peers. As an adult, his personality test results characterized him as introverted. Which conclusion is best supported by the findings of longitudinal studies?

A new therapy client is interested in how stress-reactive and sociable he is compared to the average person. The most useful assessment tool would be the

Someone considered sanguine, according to Galen's model of humors, would likely score high in

Individuals in western societies characterized by individualism tend to score relatively _______ on scales of _______.

According to Freud, both conscious and unconscious thoughts and feelings are characteristic of the

Why would a psychoanalyst assume that a dream about turning up at school naked had some psychological significance?

The personality trait of introversion

Which of the following true-false questions would most likely be used on a lie scale?

A personality scale includes questions about whether or not a person does a thorough job, tends to be careful, and sticks with jobs until they are finished. This scale is measuring the big five trait of _______.

Jorge's scores on the NEO PI-R show that he is extremely high in conscientiousness. This information will likely be most useful in predicting his behavior

During a recent exam, Josh copied an answer from a neighbor. When he admitted this to a friend, Josh added, "Everyone does that once in a while. I'm just leveling the playing field." Based on Freud's ideas, which of the following defense mechanisms was Josh employing?

Strict behaviorists like B.F. Skinner see personality as

Your younger brother is convinced that his teachers write tests that are totally unrelated to lectures and the text. He never studies for tests and blames his bad grades on unfair teachers. His approach most clearly illustrates

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

Individuals in western societies characterized by individualism tend to score relatively _ on scales of _.