Exam 11: Racism and the Criminal Justice System
Which is true of the crime rate in the U.S.?
B
W. E. B. Du Bois likened the prison system to "slavery in private hands." What did he mean?
Du Bois meant that at the end of slavery, the numbers of Black convicts in the South rose substantially because of vagrancy laws. Police officers used vagrancy laws to arrest African Americans they called vagrants or drifters. Because there were not enough prisons, a convict-lease system allowed convicts to be leased to the highest bidder to work as slaves.
What is the story of Sandra Bland?
Sandra Bland was a Black woman who graduated from Prairie View A&M University, an HBCU. She applied for a job at her beloved alma mater and got it. On her way back from the interview, a Texas state trooper pulled her over because she "failed to use her turn signal." She explained that she was trying to let him pass. As he was writing her a ticket, he asked her to put out her cigarette. Ms. Bland said no because it was her private car. The police officer asked her to get out of the car. She refused. He used force against her and arrested her. When she asked what for, he pulled a gun and yelled at her to get out of the car. She was arrested, taken to jail, and did not have enough money for bail. Three days later she was found dead in her cell and it was ruled a suicide.
At the federal level, three major laws were passed that marked the new era in criminal justice. What were they?
Mass incarceration has affected women in three distinct ways from men. What are they?
The use of race or ethnicity as grounds for suspicion is known as:
In the United States, it is illegal to discriminate against people because of their race, color, or national origin. But Black men are routinely discriminated against because of what kind of discrimination is allowed?
When a community process that addresses not only the needs of the person who was harmed, but also the conditions that enabled this harm is called:
In 2017, the rate of U.S. residents were incarcerated, a rate nearly _____ times that of western Europe's average rate.
What are two reasons African Americans are punished the most when it comes to drug laws?
By the end of 2016, almost ____________ people were under correctional supervision in the United States.
Much of the racial disparity in mass incarceration has to do with imprisonment for drug crimes. Why is this problematic?
What is the term often used to describe relying on increased policing, prosecution, and imprisonment as the primary solution to gender-based violence?
Which political activist and scholar said, "Mass incarceration is not a solution to unemployment, nor is it a solution to the vast array of social problems that are hidden away in a rapidly growing network of prison and jails."
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