Exam 3: Socialization.

In the "nature versus nurture" argument regarding socialization, the "nurture" component refers to __________.

Define agents of socialization, identity the major agents of socialization, and describe their effects on children's development.

Sociologist George Herbert Mead linked the idea of self-concept to role-taking. He believed that role-taking often occurs through play and games, as children try out different roles (such as being mommy, daddy, doctor, or teacher) and gain an appreciation for them.

A person with very long hair plans to enlist in the armed forces. Prior to the date of his/her enlistment, this individual goes to a stylist and instructs the barber or beautician to cut his/her hair to military specifications. This exemplifies __________ socialization.

According to psychologist Jean Piaget, in the __________ stage, children are limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems or to realize that physical objects may change in shape or appearance while still retaining their physical properties.

Sociologist __________ divided the self into the "I" and the "me."

__________ occurs when children's basic needs including emotional warmth and security, adequate shelter, food, health care, education, clothing, and protection are not met, regardless of cause.

According to sociologist Charles Horton Cooley, the __________ refers to the way in which a person's sense of self is derived from the perceptions of others.

Briefly discuss the role of the mass media in the socialization process.

The __________ functions as a socializing agent in several ways: (1) they inform us about events; (2) they introduce us to a wide variety of people; (3) they provide an array of viewpoints on current issues; (4) they make us aware of products and services; and (5) they entertain us by providing the opportunity to live vicariously (through other people's experiences).

The "I" is the __________ element of the self and represents the spontaneous and unique traits of each person.

__________ is the aspect of socialization that contains specific messages and practices concerning the nature of one's racial or ethnic status as it relates to our identity, interpersonal relationships, and location in the social hierarchy.

According to psychologist Jean Piaget, in the __________ stage, children understand the world only through sensory contact and immediate action because they cannot engage in symbolic thought or use language.

You are studying for an important exam. Three of your friends convince you to go out drinking although your really feel like you should study. You have experienced

In psychologist Jean Piaget's theory, during the __________ stage, children think in terms of tangible objects and actual events. They can draw conclusions about the likely physical consequences of an action without always having to try the action out. Additionally, they begin to take the role of others and start to empathize with the viewpoints of others.

Psychologists Harry and Margaret Harlow observed that infant rhesus monkeys, having been deprived of social contact with other monkeys during their first six months of life, never learned how to relate to other monkeys or to become well-adjusted adult monkeys.

Discuss the issue of child maltreatment and what we can do when we become aware of its existence.

Explain why cases of isolated children are important to understanding the socialization process.

Psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg elaborated on Piaget's theories by conducting a series of studies in which children, adolescents, and adults were presented with a(n) __________ that took the form of stories.

A young woman decides that she wants to become a professional basketball player. She joins her school basketball team, reads articles about the best basketball players, and attends basketball camps. This is an example of __________.