Question 1

Schema control units are

Accepted Answer

A) mental representations of semantic networks. 
B) stored autobiographical information. 
C) stored information about the temporal order of events. 
D) mental representations of possible responses. 
A) mental representations of semantic networks. 
B) stored autobiographical information. 
C) stored information about the temporal order of events. 
D) mental representations of possible responses.

Question 2

The lateral prefrontal cortex is important for working memory tasks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In a stop-signal task,participants are asked to

Accepted Answer

A) choose between two responses but abort their response when signaled to do so. 
B) identify the color (red,yellow,or green)in which color words have been written. 
C) sort cards into piles but change the sorting rule when the stop signal appears. 
D) drive a virtual car through crowded London streets,obeying all traffic signals. 
A) choose between two responses but abort their response when signaled to do so. 
B) identify the color (red,yellow,or green)in which color words have been written. 
C) sort cards into piles but change the sorting rule when the stop signal appears. 
D) drive a virtual car through crowded London streets,obeying all traffic signals.

Question 4

At any given time,many different schema control units may be activated.However,we can rarely carry out more than one unit at a time and must select the most appropriate one to translate into action.The units are mutually inhibitory,and only the most activated one wins the competition for expression.This type of selection mechanism is called

Accepted Answer

A) the supervisory attentional system. 
B) contention scheduling. 
C) the somatic marker hypothesis. 
D) utilization behavior. 
A) the supervisory attentional system. 
B) contention scheduling. 
C) the somatic marker hypothesis. 
D) utilization behavior.

Question 5

People with frontal lobe injuries and control participants learned a series of facts in the laboratory and returned about a week later to be tested for fact recall.Which of the following best describes the results of this study?

Accepted Answer

A) The participants with frontal lobe injuries recalled significantly fewer facts than the control participants did,but they had similar source memory for the facts. 
B) The participants with frontal lobe injuries recalled the same number of facts as the control participants did,but they had poorer source memory for the facts. 
C) The participants with frontal lobe injuries had both poorer recall and poorer source memory for the facts relative to the control participants. 
D) The participants with frontal lobe injuries performed similarly to the control participants on fact recall and source memory. 
A) The participants with frontal lobe injuries recalled significantly fewer facts than the control participants did,but they had similar source memory for the facts. 
B) The participants with frontal lobe injuries recalled the same number of facts as the control participants did,but they had poorer source memory for the facts. 
C) The participants with frontal lobe injuries had both poorer recall and poorer source memory for the facts relative to the control participants. 
D) The participants with frontal lobe injuries performed similarly to the control participants on fact recall and source memory.

Question 6

Dynamic filtering is one view of the prefrontal cortex,in which this area is a repository of representations and selects information most relevant to the current task.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Although the prefrontal cortex is not essential for working memory,it is particularly important for the storage of associative knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Patients with prefrontal injuries may fail to engage successfully in goal-oriented behavior for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) they may be easily distractible because of attentional impairment. 
B) they may have deficits in temporal memory. 
C) they may have difficulty in consolidating explicit memory. 
D) they may have deficits in using emotional information to guide behavior. 
A) they may be easily distractible because of attentional impairment. 
B) they may have deficits in temporal memory. 
C) they may have difficulty in consolidating explicit memory. 
D) they may have deficits in using emotional information to guide behavior.

Question 9

The error-related negativity (ERN)has been localized to the anterior cingulate cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The n-back task differs from some other commonly used working memory tasks in that it involves

Accepted Answer

A) both maintenance and manipulation. 
B) maintenance but not manipulation. 
C) manipulation but not maintenance. 
D) neither maintenance nor manipulation. 
A) both maintenance and manipulation. 
B) maintenance but not manipulation. 
C) manipulation but not maintenance. 
D) neither maintenance nor manipulation.

Question 11

Provide an example of a delayed-response task.How has this task informed our understanding of the prefrontal cortex?

Accepted Answer

An example of a delayed-response task is

Question 12

Which of the following experimental tasks would be best for testing deficits in task switching?

Accepted Answer

A) The delayed response task 
B) The semantic generation task 
C) The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task 
D) The Stroop task 
A) The delayed response task 
B) The semantic generation task 
C) The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task 
D) The Stroop task

Question 13

An experiment that requires participants to respond based on one goal,such as naming digits,on some trials and another goal,such as naming letters,on other trials is an example of a(n)________ paradigm.

Accepted Answer

A) error-monitoring 
B) task-switching 
C) Stroop 
D) contention-scheduling 
A) error-monitoring 
B) task-switching 
C) Stroop 
D) contention-scheduling

Question 14

The information that you are currently thinking about,perceiving,or using to guide responding is held in this type of memory store.

Accepted Answer

A) Source memory 
B) Anterograde memory 
C) Working memory 
D) Implicit memory 
A) Source memory 
B) Anterograde memory 
C) Working memory 
D) Implicit memory

Question 15

In what ways might we consider drug addiction to be an issue of cognitive control? In what ways might this characterization be problematic? What result would you expect to find if you extended cognitive control experiments to people who chronically use drugs?

Accepted Answer

Drug addiction can be considered an issu

Question 16

Brodmann's area 46 corresponds to which of the following brain regions?

Accepted Answer

A) The superior temporal cortex 
B) The precentral gyrus 
C) The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 
D) The anterior cingulate 
A) The superior temporal cortex 
B) The precentral gyrus 
C) The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 
D) The anterior cingulate

Question 17

A person who has difficulty with "recency memory" tasks would have the most difficulty with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Remembering a list of items to purchase at the market 
B) Setting a table with forks,knives,and spoons 
C) Recognizing the difference between two similar ingredients 
D) Entering the ingredients for a recipe in the correct order 
A) Remembering a list of items to purchase at the market 
B) Setting a table with forks,knives,and spoons 
C) Recognizing the difference between two similar ingredients 
D) Entering the ingredients for a recipe in the correct order

Question 18

The supervisory attentional system is probably localized to this region of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 
B) The anterior cingulate gyrus 
C) The medial temporal lobe 
D) The ventromedial prefrontal cortex 
A) The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 
B) The anterior cingulate gyrus 
C) The medial temporal lobe 
D) The ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Question 19

Appropriate goal-oriented behavior is typically described as stimulus-driven.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The hypothesis that different regions of the brain process visuospatial and verbal information is an example of a ________ account of brain specialization.

Accepted Answer

A) domain-general 
B) process-general 
C) content-based 
D) process-based 
A) domain-general 
B) process-general 
C) content-based 
D) process-based

Schema control units are

The lateral prefrontal cortex is important for working memory tasks.

In a stop-signal task,participants are asked to

People with frontal lobe injuries and control participants learned a series of facts in the laboratory and returned about a week later to be tested for fact recall.Which of the following best describes the results of this study?

Dynamic filtering is one view of the prefrontal cortex,in which this area is a repository of representations and selects information most relevant to the current task.

Although the prefrontal cortex is not essential for working memory,it is particularly important for the storage of associative knowledge.

Patients with prefrontal injuries may fail to engage successfully in goal-oriented behavior for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

The error-related negativity (ERN)has been localized to the anterior cingulate cortex.

The n-back task differs from some other commonly used working memory tasks in that it involves

Provide an example of a delayed-response task.How has this task informed our understanding of the prefrontal cortex?

Which of the following experimental tasks would be best for testing deficits in task switching?

An experiment that requires participants to respond based on one goal,such as naming digits,on some trials and another goal,such as naming letters,on other trials is an example of a(n)________ paradigm.

The information that you are currently thinking about,perceiving,or using to guide responding is held in this type of memory store.

In what ways might we consider drug addiction to be an issue of cognitive control? In what ways might this characterization be problematic? What result would you expect to find if you extended cognitive control experiments to people who chronically use drugs?

Brodmann's area 46 corresponds to which of the following brain regions?

A person who has difficulty with "recency memory" tasks would have the most difficulty with which of the following?

The supervisory attentional system is probably localized to this region of the brain.

Appropriate goal-oriented behavior is typically described as stimulus-driven.

The hypothesis that different regions of the brain process visuospatial and verbal information is an example of a ________ account of brain specialization.

A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Cellular Mechanisms and Cognition

Neuroanatomy and Development

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Sensation and Perception

Object Recognition

The Control of Action

Learning and Memory

Emotion

Language

Hemispheric Specialization

Attention and Consciousness

Social Cognition

Evolutionary Perspectives

Filters

Exam 13: Cognitive Control

Schema control units are

The lateral prefrontal cortex is important for working memory tasks.

In a stop-signal task,participants are asked to

People with frontal lobe injuries and control participants learned a series of facts in the laboratory and returned about a week later to be tested for fact recall.Which of the following best describes the results of this study?

Dynamic filtering is one view of the prefrontal cortex,in which this area is a repository of representations and selects information most relevant to the current task.

Although the prefrontal cortex is not essential for working memory,it is particularly important for the storage of associative knowledge.

Patients with prefrontal injuries may fail to engage successfully in goal-oriented behavior for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

The error-related negativity (ERN)has been localized to the anterior cingulate cortex.

The n-back task differs from some other commonly used working memory tasks in that it involves

Provide an example of a delayed-response task.How has this task informed our understanding of the prefrontal cortex?

Which of the following experimental tasks would be best for testing deficits in task switching?

An experiment that requires participants to respond based on one goal,such as naming digits,on some trials and another goal,such as naming letters,on other trials is an example of a(n)________ paradigm.

The information that you are currently thinking about,perceiving,or using to guide responding is held in this type of memory store.

In what ways might we consider drug addiction to be an issue of cognitive control? In what ways might this characterization be problematic? What result would you expect to find if you extended cognitive control experiments to people who chronically use drugs?

Brodmann's area 46 corresponds to which of the following brain regions?

A person who has difficulty with "recency memory" tasks would have the most difficulty with which of the following?

The supervisory attentional system is probably localized to this region of the brain.

Appropriate goal-oriented behavior is typically described as stimulus-driven.

The hypothesis that different regions of the brain process visuospatial and verbal information is an example of a ________ account of brain specialization.

A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Cellular Mechanisms and Cognition

Neuroanatomy and Development

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Sensation and Perception

Object Recognition

The Control of Action

Learning and Memory

Emotion

Language

Hemispheric Specialization

Attention and Consciousness

Social Cognition

Evolutionary Perspectives

Filters