Exam 2: Cellular Mechanisms and Cognition

Indirectly coupled receptors in a cell membrane

The most important function of myelin in the nervous system is to

The general term for a molecule that binds to a protein,such as an ion channel,is a(n)

What are the major differences between electrotonic conduction and the action potential? Describe how these two processes play out in neural transmission.

The poison tetraethylammonium (TEA)interferes with normal neural communication.The toxin binds to and blocks voltage-gated potassium channels in the neuron cell membrane.Which of the following best describes the effects of TEA on the action potential?

Drugs that facilitate neurotransmission are sometimes called ________,while drugs that inhibit neurotransmission are sometimes called ________.

The antipsychotic drugs often given to people with schizophrenia are typically

Describe the chemical and electrical properties of an action potential.In your answer,describe the movement of Na⁺ ions and K⁺ ions across the cell membrane and the resulting changes in electrical potential.

Dendrites,which are large treelike processes extending from a neuron,are said to be presynaptic.

Two main types of projections extend from the cell body of a neuron.________ receive inputs from other neurons,while ________ send information to other neurons.

At the resting state,a higher concentration of ________ is found outside a neuron and a higher concentration of ________ is found inside a neuron.

Two principles about neurons were defined by Ramón y Cajal.The principle of connectional specificity states that ________,whereas the principle of dynamic polarization states that ________.

Which of the following cells devour and remove damaged brain cells?

Communication between two neurons is always achieved through chemical,and not electrical,mechanisms.

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for removing a neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft?

Which of the following statements best describes the immediate consequence of neurotransmitter molecules binding to postsynaptic receptors?

The speed at which an action potential could travel down the length of an axon would

Which of the following sequences of steps best represents the events that occur during synaptic transmission?

Explain the concept of electrochemical equilibrium.How does this concept allow us to understand the transmembrane potentials in neurons?

The Hodgkin-Huxley cycle describes how the depolarization of the membrane causes voltage-gated sodium channels to ________,allowing ________ sodium ions to enter the cell.This change in sodium concentration then causes ________ of the cell.