Question 1

Which structure is located between the apex of the heart and the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cardiac orifice 
B)  Falciform ligament 
C)  Hemidiaphragm 
D)  Left lobe of the liver 
A)  Cardiac orifice 
B)  Falciform ligament 
C)  Hemidiaphragm 
D)  Left lobe of the liver C

Question 2

The juncture of the greater and lesser curvatures of the stomach occurs at the

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac orifice. 
B)  esophageal orifice. 
C)  entrance of the esophagus into the stomach. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  cardiac orifice. 
B)  esophageal orifice. 
C)  entrance of the esophagus into the stomach. 
D)  all of the above D

Question 3

The middle third of the descending duodenum is crossed anteriorly by the _____ portion of the colon.

Accepted Answer

A)  ascending 
B)  descending 
C)  transverse 
D)  sigmoid 
A)  ascending 
B)  descending 
C)  transverse 
D)  sigmoid C

Question 4

After the major food products have been mixed with digestive secretions and enzymes, carbohydrates are reduced to monosaccharides and disaccharides, proteins to amino acids and peptides, and fats to monoglycerides and fatty acids. These nutrients are then

Accepted Answer

A)  absorbed through intestinal mucosa into the bloodstream. 
B)  propelled into the duodenum for digestion. 
C)  released into the large bowel for elimination. 
D)  transported into the portal system via intestinal lymphatics. 
A)  absorbed through intestinal mucosa into the bloodstream. 
B)  propelled into the duodenum for digestion. 
C)  released into the large bowel for elimination. 
D)  transported into the portal system via intestinal lymphatics.

Question 5

The splenic flexure refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the inferior border of the stomach as it empties into the pylorus, anterior to the body of the pancreas. 
B)  the curvature of the transverse colon as it crosses the abdomen anterior to the duodenum, below the transpyloric plane. 
C)  that portion of the ascending colon in the epigastric region that courses toward the right side of the body from the region of the splenic hilum. 
D)  the transverse colon bending to descend on the left, inferior to the spleen and coursing caudally into the left iliac fossa. 
A)  the inferior border of the stomach as it empties into the pylorus, anterior to the body of the pancreas. 
B)  the curvature of the transverse colon as it crosses the abdomen anterior to the duodenum, below the transpyloric plane. 
C)  that portion of the ascending colon in the epigastric region that courses toward the right side of the body from the region of the splenic hilum. 
D)  the transverse colon bending to descend on the left, inferior to the spleen and coursing caudally into the left iliac fossa.

Question 6

Sonographic visualization of the bowel is impeded by

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid. 
B)  air. 
C)  bone. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  fluid. 
B)  air. 
C)  bone. 
D)  none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a part of the small bowel ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Duodenum 
B)  Ileum 
C)  Cecum 
D)  Jejunum 
A)  Duodenum 
B)  Ileum 
C)  Cecum 
D)  Jejunum

Question 8

The stomach is a retroperitoneal structure. ____

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Abnormal bowel loops demonstrate peristalsis and are compressible; normal loops are noncompressible. ____

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The ascending colon is anterolateral to the

Accepted Answer

A)  tail of the pancreas. 
B)  neck of the gallbladder. 
C)  left iliac crest. 
D)  lower pole of the right kidney. 
A)  tail of the pancreas. 
B)  neck of the gallbladder. 
C)  left iliac crest. 
D)  lower pole of the right kidney.

Question 11

The bulb of the duodenum is found _____ to the common bile duct.

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior 
B)  medial 
C)  lateral 
D)  anterior 
A)  posterior 
B)  medial 
C)  lateral 
D)  anterior

Question 12

The layers of the bowel wall create a characteristic sonographic appearance called a "gut signature." Up to _____ layers usually can be visualized.

Accepted Answer

A)  three 
B)  four 
C)  five 
D)  six 
A)  three 
B)  four 
C)  five 
D)  six

Question 13

The widest, most _____ portion of the small intestine is the duodenum.

Accepted Answer

A)  flexible and longest 
B)  convoluted 
C)  fixed and smallest 
D)  detached 
A)  flexible and longest 
B)  convoluted 
C)  fixed and smallest 
D)  detached

Question 14

The esophageal wall normally measures _____ at the esophagogastric (EG) junction.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 cm 
B)  3 mm 
C)  5 mm 
D)  10 mm 
A)  2 cm 
B)  3 mm 
C)  5 mm 
D)  10 mm

Question 15

The pylorus of the stomach is subdivided into three regions, which include all of the following except the

Accepted Answer

A)  antrum. 
B)  body. 
C)  canal. 
D)  sphincter. 
A)  antrum. 
B)  body. 
C)  canal. 
D)  sphincter.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT part of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Appendix 
B)  Cecum 
C)  Rectum 
D)  Ileum 
A)  Appendix 
B)  Cecum 
C)  Rectum 
D)  Ileum

Question 17

The duodenum is located within the peritoneal cavity. ____

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

On transverse scans of the thyroid gland, the esophagus normally is visualized as

Accepted Answer

A)  a hypoechoic density with posterior acoustic enhancement, medial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. 
B)  a high echogenic mass proximal to the superior parathyroid gland on the left. 
C)  a target lesion inferior to the lower pole of the right lobe. 
D)  posterior to the gland on the left, with a bull's eye appearance. 
A)  a hypoechoic density with posterior acoustic enhancement, medial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. 
B)  a high echogenic mass proximal to the superior parathyroid gland on the left. 
C)  a target lesion inferior to the lower pole of the right lobe. 
D)  posterior to the gland on the left, with a bull's eye appearance.

Question 19

Which of the following muscles does the rectum penetrate as it travels inferiorly to become the anal canal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Levator ani 
B)  Iliacus 
C)  Piriformis 
D)  Obturator internus 
A)  Levator ani 
B)  Iliacus 
C)  Piriformis 
D)  Obturator internus

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT part of the stomach

Accepted Answer

A)  neck 
B)  body 
C)  pylorus 
D)  fundus 
A)  neck 
B)  body 
C)  pylorus 
D)  fundus

Exam 17: The Gastrointestinal System

Which structure is located between the apex of the heart and the stomach?

The juncture of the greater and lesser curvatures of the stomach occurs at the

The middle third of the descending duodenum is crossed anteriorly by the _____ portion of the colon.

After the major food products have been mixed with digestive secretions and enzymes, carbohydrates are reduced to monosaccharides and disaccharides, proteins to amino acids and peptides, and fats to monoglycerides and fatty acids. These nutrients are then

The splenic flexure refers to

Sonographic visualization of the bowel is impeded by

Which of the following is NOT a part of the small bowel ?

The stomach is a retroperitoneal structure. ____

Abnormal bowel loops demonstrate peristalsis and are compressible; normal loops are noncompressible. ____

The ascending colon is anterolateral to the

The bulb of the duodenum is found _____ to the common bile duct.

The layers of the bowel wall create a characteristic sonographic appearance called a "gut signature." Up to _____ layers usually can be visualized.

The widest, most _____ portion of the small intestine is the duodenum.

The esophageal wall normally measures _____ at the esophagogastric (EG) junction.

The pylorus of the stomach is subdivided into three regions, which include all of the following except the

Which of the following is NOT part of the large intestine?

The duodenum is located within the peritoneal cavity. ____

On transverse scans of the thyroid gland, the esophagus normally is visualized as

Which of the following muscles does the rectum penetrate as it travels inferiorly to become the anal canal?

Which of the following is NOT part of the stomach

Before and After the Ultrasound Examination

Ultrasound Instrumentation: Knobology, Imaging Processing, and Storage

General Patient Care

First Scanning Experience

Interdependent Body Systems

Anatomy Layering and Sectional Anatomy

Embryology

The Abdominal Aorta

The Inferior Vena Cava

The Portal Venous System

Abdominal Vasculature

The Liver

The Biliary System

The Pancreas

The Urinary System

The Spleen

The Prostate Gland and Seminal Vesicles

The Female Pelvis

First Trimester Obstetrics 0 to 12 Weeks

Second and Third Trimester Obstetrics 13 to 42 Weeks

High-Risk Obstetric Sonography

The Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands

Breast Sonography

Penile and Scrotal Ultrasound

The Neonatal Brain

Pediatric Echocardiography

Adult Echocardiography

Vascular Technology

Three-Dimensional Ultrasound

Interventional and Intraoperative Ultrasound

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