Question 1

Which is an example of an authigenic sediment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quartz sand 
B)  Manganese nodules 
C)  Volcanic dust 
D)  Diatomaceous earth 
A)  Quartz sand 
B)  Manganese nodules 
C)  Volcanic dust 
D)  Diatomaceous earth B

Question 2

Even in a rare area in which there are no overlying sediments, there are sediments found in the water above.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

In addition to information gained from stratigraphy, what contributed to the emergence of paleoceanography?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seismic profiling 
B)  The identification of various oozes 
C)  The advent of deep sea drilling 
D)  Paleomagnetic dating 
A)  Seismic profiling 
B)  The identification of various oozes 
C)  The advent of deep sea drilling 
D)  Paleomagnetic dating C

Question 4

The ____ has/have a low ratio of volume in comparison to its area in the ocean.

Accepted Answer

A)  Continental shelves 
B)  Submarine canyons 
C)  Continental rises 
D)  Deep ocean floor 
A)  Continental shelves 
B)  Submarine canyons 
C)  Continental rises 
D)  Deep ocean floor

Question 5

What is a main source of terrigenous sediments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Volcanic eruptions 
B)  Rivers 
C)  Dust and ash 
D)  Cosmic dust 
A)  Volcanic eruptions 
B)  Rivers 
C)  Dust and ash 
D)  Cosmic dust

Question 6

What valuable commodity has yet to be commercially mined from ocean sediments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural gas 
B)  Gravel 
C)  Diatomaceous earth 
D)  Manganese nodules 
A)  Natural gas 
B)  Gravel 
C)  Diatomaceous earth 
D)  Manganese nodules

Question 7

What is an example of terrigenous sediment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diatomaceous earth 
B)  Manganese nodules 
C)  Oolite sand 
D)  Quartz 
A)  Diatomaceous earth 
B)  Manganese nodules 
C)  Oolite sand 
D)  Quartz

Question 8

What kind of information can marine microfossils not provide?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperature variations in the surface and deep water. 
B)  Patterns in ocean circulation 
C)  The orientation of the magnetic poles based on trace metals found within the shells 
D)  Productivity of the marine biosphere and upwelling 
A)  Temperature variations in the surface and deep water. 
B)  Patterns in ocean circulation 
C)  The orientation of the magnetic poles based on trace metals found within the shells 
D)  Productivity of the marine biosphere and upwelling

Question 9

What kind of sediments are igneous rocks associated with?

Accepted Answer

A)  Terrigenous 
B)  Biogenous 
C)  Hydrogenous 
D)  Cosmogenous 
A)  Terrigenous 
B)  Biogenous 
C)  Hydrogenous 
D)  Cosmogenous

Question 10

What can cause hydrogenous calcium carbonate deposits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evaporation 
B)  A decrease in the acidity of seawater 
C)  An increase in seawater temperature 
D)  All of these choices 
A)  Evaporation 
B)  A decrease in the acidity of seawater 
C)  An increase in seawater temperature 
D)  All of these choices

Question 11

Manganese and phosphorite nodules can only be observed in areas of high sediment accumulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Although most of biological productivity occurs close to land, a greater proportion is found in pelagic sediments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which is not a common particle size for most marine sediments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clay 
B)  Silt 
C)  Sand 
D)  Pebbles 
A)  Clay 
B)  Silt 
C)  Sand 
D)  Pebbles

Question 14

The west coast of South America is known for its seasonal upwelling. What kind of sediment is likely to be abundant based on this information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Terrigenous 
B)  Hydrogenous 
C)  Biogenous 
D)  Cosmogenous 
A)  Terrigenous 
B)  Hydrogenous 
C)  Biogenous 
D)  Cosmogenous

Question 15

Most sediments have a composition derived from a mixture of origins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What statement is true of biogenous and terrigenous sediments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biogenous sediments comprise a larger area than terrigenous sediments. 
B)  Biogenous sediments cover more volume than terrigenous sediments. 
C)  Terrigenous sediments make up a larger area than biogenous sediments. 
D)  Terrigenous and biogenous sediments are equal in area and volume. 
A)  Biogenous sediments comprise a larger area than terrigenous sediments. 
B)  Biogenous sediments cover more volume than terrigenous sediments. 
C)  Terrigenous sediments make up a larger area than biogenous sediments. 
D)  Terrigenous and biogenous sediments are equal in area and volume.

Question 17

Which statement describes turbidites?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are graded layers of terrigenous sand mixed with finer pelagic sediments. 
B)  They are propelled into position by gravity rather than water currents. 
C)  They are composed of distinct layers that represent various turbidity current events. 
D)  All of these choices are true about turbidites. 
A)  They are graded layers of terrigenous sand mixed with finer pelagic sediments. 
B)  They are propelled into position by gravity rather than water currents. 
C)  They are composed of distinct layers that represent various turbidity current events. 
D)  All of these choices are true about turbidites.

Question 18

Compare the thickness of pelagic sediments in the Pacific Ocean to that of the Atlantic. What reasons account for the differences? Using information from Chapter 4, would the type of margin have an effect? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Answer should include:
•	The sediments i

Question 19

Approximately how much of the world's estimated oil and gas reserves can be found within the sediments of the continental margins?

Accepted Answer

A)  One-third 
B)  One-half 
C)  Two-thirds 
D)  Three-quarters 
A)  One-third 
B)  One-half 
C)  Two-thirds 
D)  Three-quarters

Question 20

Why is the study of sediments so important? What kind of information can be discovered by studying sediments? How have tools and equipment evolved to expand the study of sediments?

Accepted Answer

Answer should include:
•	Sediments are a

Which is an example of an authigenic sediment?

Even in a rare area in which there are no overlying sediments, there are sediments found in the water above.

In addition to information gained from stratigraphy, what contributed to the emergence of paleoceanography?

The ____ has/have a low ratio of volume in comparison to its area in the ocean.

What is a main source of terrigenous sediments?

What valuable commodity has yet to be commercially mined from ocean sediments?

What is an example of terrigenous sediment?

What kind of information can marine microfossils not provide?

What kind of sediments are igneous rocks associated with?

What can cause hydrogenous calcium carbonate deposits?

Manganese and phosphorite nodules can only be observed in areas of high sediment accumulation.

Although most of biological productivity occurs close to land, a greater proportion is found in pelagic sediments.

Which is not a common particle size for most marine sediments?

The west coast of South America is known for its seasonal upwelling. What kind of sediment is likely to be abundant based on this information?

Most sediments have a composition derived from a mixture of origins.

What statement is true of biogenous and terrigenous sediments?

Which statement describes turbidites?

Compare the thickness of pelagic sediments in the Pacific Ocean to that of the Atlantic. What reasons account for the differences? Using information from Chapter 4, would the type of margin have an effect? Why or why not?

Approximately how much of the world's estimated oil and gas reserves can be found within the sediments of the continental margins?

Why is the study of sediments so important? What kind of information can be discovered by studying sediments? How have tools and equipment evolved to expand the study of sediments?

The Origin of the Ocean

A History of Marine Science

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

Ocean Basins

Water and Ocean Structure

Ocean Chemistry

Circulation of the Atmosphere

Circulation of the Ocean

Waves

Tides

Coasts

Life in the Ocean

Plankton, Algae, and Plants

Marine Animals

Marine Communities

Marine Resources

The Ocean and The Environment

Filters

Exam 5: Ocean Sediments

Which is an example of an authigenic sediment?

Even in a rare area in which there are no overlying sediments, there are sediments found in the water above.

In addition to information gained from stratigraphy, what contributed to the emergence of paleoceanography?

The ____ has/have a low ratio of volume in comparison to its area in the ocean.

What is a main source of terrigenous sediments?

What valuable commodity has yet to be commercially mined from ocean sediments?

What is an example of terrigenous sediment?

What kind of information can marine microfossils not provide?

What kind of sediments are igneous rocks associated with?

What can cause hydrogenous calcium carbonate deposits?

Manganese and phosphorite nodules can only be observed in areas of high sediment accumulation.

Although most of biological productivity occurs close to land, a greater proportion is found in pelagic sediments.

Which is not a common particle size for most marine sediments?

The west coast of South America is known for its seasonal upwelling. What kind of sediment is likely to be abundant based on this information?

Most sediments have a composition derived from a mixture of origins.

What statement is true of biogenous and terrigenous sediments?

Which statement describes turbidites?

Compare the thickness of pelagic sediments in the Pacific Ocean to that of the Atlantic. What reasons account for the differences? Using information from Chapter 4, would the type of margin have an effect? Why or why not?

Approximately how much of the world's estimated oil and gas reserves can be found within the sediments of the continental margins?

Why is the study of sediments so important? What kind of information can be discovered by studying sediments? How have tools and equipment evolved to expand the study of sediments?

The Origin of the Ocean

A History of Marine Science

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

Ocean Basins

Water and Ocean Structure

Ocean Chemistry

Circulation of the Atmosphere

Circulation of the Ocean

Waves

Tides

Coasts

Life in the Ocean

Plankton, Algae, and Plants

Marine Animals

Marine Communities

Marine Resources

The Ocean and The Environment

Filters