Question 1

Novae are more closely related to type II than to type I supernovae.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The Crab Nebula is a bright,long-lasting supernova remnant that was made by a ________ supernova.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Crab Nebula is a bright,long-lasting supernova...

Question 3

Two isotopes of the same element differ only in the number of protons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The maximum mass of a white dwarf is about ________ times the mass of the Sun.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The maximum mass of a white dwarf...

Question 5

Where was supernova 1987a located?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the Orion Nebula, M-42 
B)  in Sagittarius, near the Galactic Nucleus 
C)  in our companion galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud 
D)  in M-13, one of the closest of the evolved globular clusters 
E)  near the core of M-31, the Andromeda Galaxy 
A)  in the Orion Nebula, M-42 
B)  in Sagittarius, near the Galactic Nucleus 
C)  in our companion galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud 
D)  in M-13, one of the closest of the evolved globular clusters 
E)  near the core of M-31, the Andromeda Galaxy

Question 6

As a star's evolution approaches the Type II supernova,we find:

Accepted Answer

A)  the heavier the element, the less time it takes to make it. 
B)  the heavier the element, the higher the temperature to fuse it. 
C)  helium to carbon fusion takes at least 100 million K to start. 
D)  photodisintegration of iron nuclei begins at 10 billion K to ignite the supernova. 
E)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  the heavier the element, the less time it takes to make it. 
B)  the heavier the element, the higher the temperature to fuse it. 
C)  helium to carbon fusion takes at least 100 million K to start. 
D)  photodisintegration of iron nuclei begins at 10 billion K to ignite the supernova. 
E)  All of the above are correct.

Question 7

Type I supernovae result from ________ stars which have accreted sufficient additional mass via mass transfer from a close binary companion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Type I supernovae result from ________ stars...

Question 8

The making of abundant iron nuclei is typical of:

Accepted Answer

A)  planetary nebula ejection. 
B)  the helium flash. 
C)  all novae. 
D)  type I supernovae. 
E)  type II supernovae. 
A)  planetary nebula ejection. 
B)  the helium flash. 
C)  all novae. 
D)  type I supernovae. 
E)  type II supernovae.

Question 9

Why does neutron capture work?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrons have no repulsive barrier to overcome in combining with positively charged nuclei. 
B)  Neutrinos, because of their low mass and high speed, easily penetrate nuclei. 
C)  Single protons have little repulsion to heavy nuclei and easily fuse with them. 
D)  Photodisintegration makes many alpha particles, available for capture by nuclei. 
E)  Neutronization captures all the protons and electrons. 
A)  Neutrons have no repulsive barrier to overcome in combining with positively charged nuclei. 
B)  Neutrinos, because of their low mass and high speed, easily penetrate nuclei. 
C)  Single protons have little repulsion to heavy nuclei and easily fuse with them. 
D)  Photodisintegration makes many alpha particles, available for capture by nuclei. 
E)  Neutronization captures all the protons and electrons.

Question 10

What is the importance of 1.4 solar masses in stellar evolution?

Accepted Answer

1.4 solar masses is the Chandraesekhar L

Question 11

Why are neutrinos from a type II supernova detected before photons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrinos travel faster than photons. 
B)  Neutrinos are easier to detect than photons. 
C)  Neutrinos are produced in the explosion before photons. 
D)  Neutrinos are emitted from the outer part of the star; photons come from the core. 
E)  Neutrinos escape from the star quickly because they hardly interact with matter; photons are delayed by interactions with matter. 
A)  Neutrinos travel faster than photons. 
B)  Neutrinos are easier to detect than photons. 
C)  Neutrinos are produced in the explosion before photons. 
D)  Neutrinos are emitted from the outer part of the star; photons come from the core. 
E)  Neutrinos escape from the star quickly because they hardly interact with matter; photons are delayed by interactions with matter.

Question 12

The Chandrasekhar Limit is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the upper mass limit for a white dwarf. 
B)  the temperature at which hydrogen fusion starts. 
C)  the temperature at which helium fusion starts. 
D)  the point at which a planetary nebula forms. 
E)  the lower mass limit for a Type II supernova. 
A)  the upper mass limit for a white dwarf. 
B)  the temperature at which hydrogen fusion starts. 
C)  the temperature at which helium fusion starts. 
D)  the point at which a planetary nebula forms. 
E)  the lower mass limit for a Type II supernova.

Question 13

If a white dwarf gains sufficient mass,it can become a:

Accepted Answer

A)  brown dwarf. 
B)  type II supernova. 
C)  type I supernova. 
D)  planetary nebula. 
E)  black dwarf. 
A)  brown dwarf. 
B)  type II supernova. 
C)  type I supernova. 
D)  planetary nebula. 
E)  black dwarf.

Question 14

A surface explosion on a white dwarf,caused by falling matter from the atmosphere of its binary companion,creates what kind of object?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypernova 
B)  nova 
C)  gamma ray burstar 
D)  type I supernova 
E)  type II supernova 
A)  hypernova 
B)  nova 
C)  gamma ray burstar 
D)  type I supernova 
E)  type II supernova

Question 15

Which of these events is NOT possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  low-mass stars swelling up to produce planetary nebulae 
B)  red giants exploding as Type II supernovae 
C)  close binary stars producing recurrent novae explosions 
D)  white dwarfs and companion stars producing recurrent Type I supernova events 
E)  a white dwarf being found in the center of a planetary nebula 
A)  low-mass stars swelling up to produce planetary nebulae 
B)  red giants exploding as Type II supernovae 
C)  close binary stars producing recurrent novae explosions 
D)  white dwarfs and companion stars producing recurrent Type I supernova events 
E)  a white dwarf being found in the center of a planetary nebula

Question 16

Can our Sun ever become a nova? Why?

Accepted Answer

No,ours is a single star,with

Question 17

As a star evolves,heavier elements tend to form by various processes.Which of the following is NOT one of these processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  proton capture and neutron capture 
B)  fusion of like nuclei 
C)  helium capture 
D)  the s process 
E)  neutronization 
A)  proton capture and neutron capture 
B)  fusion of like nuclei 
C)  helium capture 
D)  the s process 
E)  neutronization

Question 18

The final core collapse of a massive star takes about 13 seconds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Iron is the most stably bonded atomic nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Beyond the formation of iron,nuclear energy can be produced only by:

Accepted Answer

A)  fusion of still heavier elements. 
B)  ionization of the radioactive nuclei. 
C)  fission of heavy nuclei back toward lighter ones. 
D)  gravity. 
E)  the dark force. 
A)  fusion of still heavier elements. 
B)  ionization of the radioactive nuclei. 
C)  fission of heavy nuclei back toward lighter ones. 
D)  gravity. 
E)  the dark force.

Exam 21: Stellar Explosions: Novae,Supernovae,and the Formation of the Elements

Novae are more closely related to type II than to type I supernovae.

The Crab Nebula is a bright,long-lasting supernova remnant that was made by a ________ supernova.

Two isotopes of the same element differ only in the number of protons.

The maximum mass of a white dwarf is about ________ times the mass of the Sun.

Where was supernova 1987a located?

As a star's evolution approaches the Type II supernova,we find:

Type I supernovae result from ________ stars which have accreted sufficient additional mass via mass transfer from a close binary companion.

The making of abundant iron nuclei is typical of:

Why does neutron capture work?

What is the importance of 1.4 solar masses in stellar evolution?

Why are neutrinos from a type II supernova detected before photons?

The Chandrasekhar Limit is:

If a white dwarf gains sufficient mass,it can become a:

A surface explosion on a white dwarf,caused by falling matter from the atmosphere of its binary companion,creates what kind of object?

Which of these events is NOT possible?

Can our Sun ever become a nova? Why?

As a star evolves,heavier elements tend to form by various processes.Which of the following is NOT one of these processes?

The final core collapse of a massive star takes about 13 seconds.

Iron is the most stably bonded atomic nucleus.

Beyond the formation of iron,nuclear energy can be produced only by:

Charting the Heavens: The Foundations of Astronomy

The Copernican Revolution: The Birth of Modern Science

Radiation: Information from the Cosmos

Spectroscopy: The Inner Workings of Atoms

Telescopes: The Tools of Astronomy

The Solar System: Comparative Planetology and Formation Models

Earth: Our Home in Space

The Moon and Mercury: Scorched and Battered Worlds

Venus: Earth's Sister Planet

Mars: A Near Miss for Life?

Jupiter: Giant of the Solar System

Saturn: Spectacular Rings and Mysterious Moons

Uranus and Neptune: The Outer Worlds of the Solar System

Solar System Debris: Keys to Our Origin

Exoplanets: Planetary Systems Beyond Our Own

The Sun: Our Parent Star

The Stars: Giants,Dwarfs,and the Main Sequence

The Interstellar Medium: Gas and Dust among the Stars

Star Formation: A Traumatic Birth

Stellar Evolution: The Life and Death of a Star

Neutron Stars and Black Holes: Strange States of Matter

The Milky Way Galaxy: A Spiral in Space

Galaxies: Building Blocks of the Universe

Galaxies and Dark Matter: The Large-Scale Structure of the Cosmos

Cosmology: The Big Bang and the Fate of the Universe

The Early Universe: Toward the Beginning of Time

Life in the Universe: Are We Alone?

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