Question 1

In the classic Sherif study, prejudice was initiated in two groups of boys at summer camp by encouraging _____, and successfully eliminated by creating _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ingroups; mixed groups 
B)  aggressive competition; friendly competition 
C)  competition; common goals 
D)  passive cooperation; active cooperation 
A)  ingroups; mixed groups 
B)  aggressive competition; friendly competition 
C)  competition; common goals 
D)  passive cooperation; active cooperation

Question 2

When someone lacks adequate knowledge about how to behave, they often conform to group pressure if the group provides them with direction and information. This is called _____ social influence.

Accepted Answer

A)  normative 
B)  intellectual 
C)  educational 
D)  informational 
A)  normative 
B)  intellectual 
C)  educational 
D)  informational

Question 3

The frustration-aggression hypothesis predicts that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  anyone who experiences frustration will feel an aggressive urge 
B)  if you get angry with someone you are likely to hurt that person 
C)  if a desired goal is blocked, you may aggress 
D)  aggression cannot occur in the absence of frustration 
A)  anyone who experiences frustration will feel an aggressive urge 
B)  if you get angry with someone you are likely to hurt that person 
C)  if a desired goal is blocked, you may aggress 
D)  aggression cannot occur in the absence of frustration

Question 4

Milgram's participants thought they were participating in an experiment to study the effects of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  obedience to authority 
B)  arousal on memory 
C)  punishment on learning 
D)  electric shock on brain-wave activity 
A)  obedience to authority 
B)  arousal on memory 
C)  punishment on learning 
D)  electric shock on brain-wave activity

Question 5

Lincoln thought he smelled smoke for a second. He looked at others in the classroom and at the teacher. No one seemed concerned, so Lincoln continued taking his test along with his other classmates. This is MOST likely an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stupidity 
B)  focused attention 
C)  informational social influence 
D)  a need for approval 
A)  stupidity 
B)  focused attention 
C)  informational social influence 
D)  a need for approval

Question 6

According to Darley and Latane's decision process of helping:

Accepted Answer

A)  if the answer at each step is yes, help is given 
B)  if the answer at each step is no, help is often given 
C)  there are five steps in the process 
D)  both a and c 
A)  if the answer at each step is yes, help is given 
B)  if the answer at each step is no, help is often given 
C)  there are five steps in the process 
D)  both a and c

Question 7

Define conformity, and explain the three factors that contribute to this behavior, using examples of conformity from your own personal history.

Accepted Answer

Conformity refers to the tendency of ind

Question 8

Whether a group's final decision is risky or conservative depends on _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the intellectual capacity of the group 
B)  the dominant preexisting tendencies of the group 
C)  the group's emotional intelligence 
D)  how many sensation-seekers there are in the group 
A)  the intellectual capacity of the group 
B)  the dominant preexisting tendencies of the group 
C)  the group's emotional intelligence 
D)  how many sensation-seekers there are in the group

Question 9

A constructive way to maintain companionate love is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  be realistic about each other's faults 
B)  overlook each other's faults 
C)  point out each other's faults 
D)  overlook your partner's faults; point out your own 
A)  be realistic about each other's faults 
B)  overlook each other's faults 
C)  point out each other's faults 
D)  overlook your partner's faults; point out your own

Question 10

According to cognitive dissonance theory, which of the following advocates of managed care services for mental health is MOST likely to change his or her attitude?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jeanette, who is paid $1 for arguing against managed care 
B)  Homer, who is paid $50 for arguing against managed care 
C)  Belinda, who had to argue against managed care to save her job 
D)  None of these advocates are likely to change their attitudes about managed care 
A)  Jeanette, who is paid $1 for arguing against managed care 
B)  Homer, who is paid $50 for arguing against managed care 
C)  Belinda, who had to argue against managed care to save her job 
D)  None of these advocates are likely to change their attitudes about managed care

Question 11

According to cognitive dissonance theory, which is easier?

Accepted Answer

A)  Changing the behavior 
B)  Changing the attitude 
C)  It is equally easy to change the attitude and behavior 
D)  Changing the behavior and the attitude at the same time 
A)  Changing the behavior 
B)  Changing the attitude 
C)  It is equally easy to change the attitude and behavior 
D)  Changing the behavior and the attitude at the same time

Question 12

Romantic love has been found in _____ cultures.

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly Western 
B)  few agricultural 
C)  individualistic, but not in collectivist 
D)  147 out of 166 
A)  mostly Western 
B)  few agricultural 
C)  individualistic, but not in collectivist 
D)  147 out of 166

Question 13

What are three factors that explain why people conform?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personality, genetics, and learning 
B)  Motivational level, level of physiological arousal, and level of interpersonal arousal 
C)  Normative social influence, informational social influence, and reference groups 
D)  Introversion-extroversion, bystander bias, and ingroup-outgroup roles 
A)  Personality, genetics, and learning 
B)  Motivational level, level of physiological arousal, and level of interpersonal arousal 
C)  Normative social influence, informational social influence, and reference groups 
D)  Introversion-extroversion, bystander bias, and ingroup-outgroup roles

Question 14

The results of Milgram's research suggest that _____ will follow orders to hurt someone.

Accepted Answer

A)  only "monsters" 
B)  a majority of "normal" people 
C)  everyone 
D)  people with mental disorders 
A)  only "monsters" 
B)  a majority of "normal" people 
C)  everyone 
D)  people with mental disorders

Question 15

Imagine that you are a preschool teacher and you have noticed that several "cliques" of students are showing signs of prejudice and discrimination toward one another. Describe how you could implement cooperation, common goals, increased contact, and cognitive retraining to reduce these attitudes and behaviors.

Accepted Answer

As a preschool teacher, it is important

Question 16

Romantic love : companionate love :: _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term : long-term 
B)  weaker over time : stronger over time 
C)  knight and princess : real person 
D)  all of these options 
A)  short-term : long-term 
B)  weaker over time : stronger over time 
C)  knight and princess : real person 
D)  all of these options

Question 17

Discuss how group polarization and groupthink affect group decision making. Illustrate your discussion with what might occur during jury deliberations on an accused serial murderer.

Accepted Answer

Group polarization and groupthink are tw

Question 18

Compared to Milgram's original study, when did obedience INCREASE?

Accepted Answer

A)  When orders were given by an ordinary person 
B)  When the teacher chose the shock level 
C)  When the teacher watched two others disobey 
D)  When the teacher read a list of words while another delivered the shock 
A)  When orders were given by an ordinary person 
B)  When the teacher chose the shock level 
C)  When the teacher watched two others disobey 
D)  When the teacher read a list of words while another delivered the shock

Question 19

Regarding reasons people engage in altruistic behaviors, which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Instinct: ensures continuation of genetic code 
B)  Egoistic model: increase in self-esteem 
C)  Empathy-altruism: expectation of later reciprocation 
D)  Egoistic model: avoidance of guilt or distress 
A)  Instinct: ensures continuation of genetic code 
B)  Egoistic model: increase in self-esteem 
C)  Empathy-altruism: expectation of later reciprocation 
D)  Egoistic model: avoidance of guilt or distress

Question 20

This is a cognitive process in which members of an ingroup are viewed more positively than members of an outgroup.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reciprocity of liking 
B)  Positive familiarity 
C)  Ingroup favoritism 
D)  Outgroup prejudice 
A)  Reciprocity of liking 
B)  Positive familiarity 
C)  Ingroup favoritism 
D)  Outgroup prejudice

In the classic Sherif study, prejudice was initiated in two groups of boys at summer camp by encouraging _, and successfully eliminated by creating _.

When someone lacks adequate knowledge about how to behave, they often conform to group pressure if the group provides them with direction and information. This is called _____ social influence.

The frustration-aggression hypothesis predicts that _____.

Milgram's participants thought they were participating in an experiment to study the effects of _____.

Lincoln thought he smelled smoke for a second. He looked at others in the classroom and at the teacher. No one seemed concerned, so Lincoln continued taking his test along with his other classmates. This is MOST likely an example of _____.

According to Darley and Latane's decision process of helping:

Define conformity, and explain the three factors that contribute to this behavior, using examples of conformity from your own personal history.

Whether a group's final decision is risky or conservative depends on _____.

A constructive way to maintain companionate love is to _____.

According to cognitive dissonance theory, which of the following advocates of managed care services for mental health is MOST likely to change his or her attitude?

According to cognitive dissonance theory, which is easier?

Romantic love has been found in _____ cultures.

What are three factors that explain why people conform?

The results of Milgram's research suggest that _____ will follow orders to hurt someone.

Romantic love : companionate love :: _____.

Discuss how group polarization and groupthink affect group decision making. Illustrate your discussion with what might occur during jury deliberations on an accused serial murderer.

Compared to Milgram's original study, when did obedience INCREASE?

Regarding reasons people engage in altruistic behaviors, which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

This is a cognitive process in which members of an ingroup are viewed more positively than members of an outgroup.

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Biological Foundations

Stress and Health Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Life Span Development I

Life Span Development II

Gender and Human Sexuality

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Psychotherapy

Industrial/Organizational Psychology

Psychology at Work in the Global Economy

Filters

Exam 16: Social Psychology

In the classic Sherif study, prejudice was initiated in two groups of boys at summer camp by encouraging _____, and successfully eliminated by creating _____.

When someone lacks adequate knowledge about how to behave, they often conform to group pressure if the group provides them with direction and information. This is called _____ social influence.

The frustration-aggression hypothesis predicts that _____.

Milgram's participants thought they were participating in an experiment to study the effects of _____.

Lincoln thought he smelled smoke for a second. He looked at others in the classroom and at the teacher. No one seemed concerned, so Lincoln continued taking his test along with his other classmates. This is MOST likely an example of _____.

According to Darley and Latane's decision process of helping:

Define conformity, and explain the three factors that contribute to this behavior, using examples of conformity from your own personal history.

Whether a group's final decision is risky or conservative depends on _____.

A constructive way to maintain companionate love is to _____.

According to cognitive dissonance theory, which of the following advocates of managed care services for mental health is MOST likely to change his or her attitude?

According to cognitive dissonance theory, which is easier?

Romantic love has been found in _____ cultures.

What are three factors that explain why people conform?

The results of Milgram's research suggest that _____ will follow orders to hurt someone.

Romantic love : companionate love :: _____.

Discuss how group polarization and groupthink affect group decision making. Illustrate your discussion with what might occur during jury deliberations on an accused serial murderer.

Compared to Milgram's original study, when did obedience INCREASE?

Regarding reasons people engage in altruistic behaviors, which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

This is a cognitive process in which members of an ingroup are viewed more positively than members of an outgroup.

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Biological Foundations

Stress and Health Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Life Span Development I

Life Span Development II

Gender and Human Sexuality

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Psychotherapy

Industrial/Organizational Psychology

Psychology at Work in the Global Economy

Filters

In the classic Sherif study, prejudice was initiated in two groups of boys at summer camp by encouraging _, and successfully eliminated by creating _.