Question 1

A primary care NP provides primary care for a woman who has HIV.The woman asks the NP if she will ever be able to have children.The NP should tell her:

Accepted Answer

A)  none of the antiretroviral medications are safe to take during pregnancy. 
B)  she will need to take medications throughout her pregnancy and lactation. 
C)  there is no risk of disease transmission to a fetus if she complies with therapy. 
D)  strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy decreases her risk of transmitting HIV to the fetus. 
A)  none of the antiretroviral medications are safe to take during pregnancy. 
B)  she will need to take medications throughout her pregnancy and lactation. 
C)  there is no risk of disease transmission to a fetus if she complies with therapy. 
D)  strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy decreases her risk of transmitting HIV to the fetus. D

Question 2

A female patient who is 8 weeks pregnant is seen by a primary care nurse practitioner (NP)after a routine prenatal screen was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).A CD4 cell count is 750 cells/mm.The NP should:

Accepted Answer

A)  begin immediate therapy with zidovudine and lamivudine. 
B)  begin therapy with zidovudine when she is in her second trimester. 
C)  delay treatment with antiretroviral medications until after her pregnancy. 
D)  initiate therapy with zidovudine if her CD4 cell count decreases to 500 cells/mm. 
A)  begin immediate therapy with zidovudine and lamivudine. 
B)  begin therapy with zidovudine when she is in her second trimester. 
C)  delay treatment with antiretroviral medications until after her pregnancy. 
D)  initiate therapy with zidovudine if her CD4 cell count decreases to 500 cells/mm. B

Question 3

A patient has begun treatment for HIV.The primary care NP should monitor the patient's complete blood count (CBC)at least every _____ months.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 3 
B)  3 to 6 
C)  6 to 9 
D)  9 to 12 
A)  1 to 3 
B)  3 to 6 
C)  6 to 9 
D)  9 to 12 B

Question 4

A patient who has HIV is being treated with Emtriva.The patient develops hepatitis B.The primary care NP should contact the patient's infectious disease specialist to discuss:

Accepted Answer

A)  adding zidovudine. 
B)  changing to Truvada. 
C)  changing to tenofovir. 
D)  ordering Combivir and tenofovir. 
A)  adding zidovudine. 
B)  changing to Truvada. 
C)  changing to tenofovir. 
D)  ordering Combivir and tenofovir.

Question 5

A patient who has HIV has been receiving a two-drug combination therapy for 6 months.At an annual physical examination,the primary care NP notes that the patient has a viral load of 60 copies/mL and a CD4 cell count of 350 cells/mm.The NP should contact the patient's infectious disease specialist to discuss:

Accepted Answer

A)  changing one of the medications. 
B)  changing both of the medications. 
C)  increasing the dose of both medications. 
D)  discontinuing the medications for a short period. 
A)  changing one of the medications. 
B)  changing both of the medications. 
C)  increasing the dose of both medications. 
D)  discontinuing the medications for a short period.

Question 6

A patient who has HIV frequently expresses concerns about the costs of treatment.The primary care NP should:

Accepted Answer

A)  discuss the risks associated with underdosing of antiretroviral therapies. 
B)  suggest taking half doses of the medications on a regular basis. 
C)  suggest the patient limit therapy to a one- or two-drug regimen. 
D)  recommend an occasional "drug holiday" when cell and viral counts are good. 
A)  discuss the risks associated with underdosing of antiretroviral therapies. 
B)  suggest taking half doses of the medications on a regular basis. 
C)  suggest the patient limit therapy to a one- or two-drug regimen. 
D)  recommend an occasional "drug holiday" when cell and viral counts are good.

Exam 68: Antiretroviral Medications

A primary care NP provides primary care for a woman who has HIV.The woman asks the NP if she will ever be able to have children.The NP should tell her:

A female patient who is 8 weeks pregnant is seen by a primary care nurse practitioner (NP)after a routine prenatal screen was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).A CD4 cell count is 750 cells/mm.The NP should:

A patient has begun treatment for HIV.The primary care NP should monitor the patient's complete blood count (CBC)at least every _____ months.

A patient who has HIV is being treated with Emtriva.The patient develops hepatitis B.The primary care NP should contact the patient's infectious disease specialist to discuss:

A patient who has HIV frequently expresses concerns about the costs of treatment.The primary care NP should:

Prescriptive Authority and Role Implementation: Tradition vs.Change

Historical Review of Prescriptive Authority: The Role of Nurses (NPs, CNMs, CRNAs, and CNSs)and Physician Assistants

General Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Principles

Special Populations: Geriatrics

Special Populations: Pediatrics

Special Populations: Pregnant and Nursing Women

Over-the-Counter Medications

Complementary and Alternative Therapies

Establishing the Therapeutic Relationship

Practical Tips on Writing Prescriptions

Evidence-Based Decision Making and Treatment Guidelines

Design and Implementation of Patient Education

Dermatologic Agents

Eye, Ear, Throat, and Mouth Agents

Upper Respiratory Agents

Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Medications

Hypertension and Miscellaneous Antihypertensive Medications

Coronary Artery Disease and Antianginal Medications

Heart Failure and Digoxin

Beta-Blockers

Calcium Channel Blockers

ACE Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

Antiarrhythmic Agents

Antihyperlipidemic Agents

Agents that Act on Blood

Antacids and the Management of GERD

Histamine-2 Blockers and Proton Pump Inhibitors

Laxatives

Antidiarrheals

Antiemetics

Medications for Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Other Gastrointestinal Problems

Diuretics

Male Genitourinary Agents

Drugs for Urinary Incontinence and Urinary Analgesia

Acetaminophen

Aspirin and Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs and Immune Modulators

Gout Medications

Osteoporosis Treatment

Muscle Relaxants

Medications for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Medications for Dementia

Analgesia and Pain Management

Migraine Medications

Antiepileptics

Antiparkinson Agents

Antidepressants

Antianxiety and Insomnia Agents

Antipsychotics

Substance Abuse

Glucocorticoids

Thyroid Medications

Diabetes Mellitus Agents

Contraceptives

Hormone Replacement Therapy

Drugs for Breast Cancer

Principles for Prescribing Antiinfectives

Treatment of Specific Infections and Miscellaneous Antibiotics

Penicillins

Cephalosporins

Tetracyclines

Macrolides

Fluoroquinolones

Aminoglycosides

Sulfonamides

Antitubercular Agents

Antifungals

Antiviral and Antiprotozoal Agents

The Immune System and Immunizations

Weight Management

Smoking Cessation

Vitamins and Minerals

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