Exam 32: Diuretics

The primary care NP sees a patient who has a history of hypertension and alcoholism.The patient is not taking any medications.The NP auscultates crackles in both lungs and palpates the liver 2 cm below the costal margin.Laboratory tests show an elevated creatinine level.The NP will refer this patient to a cardiologist and should prescribe:

The primary care NP sees a patient several months after a myocardial infarction (MI).The patient has been taking furosemide to treat heart failure.The NP notes that the patient has edema of the hands,feet,and ankles.The NP should add which drug to this patient's regimen?

The primary care NP sees a patient who has heart failure following an MI 6 months before this visit.The patient has been taking an ACE inhibitor,nitroglycerin,furosemide,and hydrochlorothiazide.The NP auscultates crackles in both lungs and notes pitting edema of both feet.The NP should prescribe:

A patient with congestive heart failure will begin therapy with a diuretic medication.The primary care NP orders laboratory tests,which reveal a glomerular filtration rate (GFR)of 25 mL/minute.The initial drug the NP should prescribe is:

The primary care NP is preparing to prescribe a diuretic for a patient who has heart failure.The patient reports having had an allergic reaction to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim)previously.The NP should prescribe:

A patient who has congestive heart failure and arthritis has been taking chlorthalidone (Zaroxolyn)25 mg daily for 6 months.The primary care NP notes a persistent blood pressure of 145/90 mm Hg.The NP should:

A patient has been taking furosemide 80 mg once daily for 4 weeks and returns for a follow-up visit.The primary care NP notes a blood pressure of 100/60 mm Hg.The patient's lungs are clear,and there is no peripheral edema.The patient's serum potassium is 3.4 mEq/L.The NP should:

A patient is taking spironolactone and comes to the clinic complaining of weakness and tingling of the hands and feet.The primary care NP notes a heart rate of 62 beats per minute and a blood pressure of 100/58 mm Hg.The NP should:

A patient takes hydrochlorothiazide to treat hypertension and asks the primary care NP why it is necessary to reduce sodium intake while taking this medication.The NP should explain that decreasing sodium is necessary to:

A patient develops hypertension.The primary care nurse practitioner (NP)plans to begin diuretic therapy for this patient.The NP notes clear breath sounds,no organomegaly,and no peripheral edema.The patient's serum electrolytes are normal.The NP should prescribe: