Exam 6: Varieties of Consciousness

According to this view of hypnosis, immersing one's hand in ice water for a prolonged period yet feeling no pain is evidence that hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness.

Tolerance refers to the fact that the effect of a drug

Melatonin inhibits the brain's mechanisms for promoting wakefulness-allowing various other sleep-related mechanisms to do their work "unopposed" by a drive for wakefulness.

You come home to find your roommate sitting on the couch with his eyes closed, but when you walk into the room, he insists that he was not asleep. He was, however, likely in this stage of sleep.

________________means that consciousness can only be experienced by some sort of being and cannot exist independent of its "owner."

This hormone is produced by the pineal gland and is stimulated during periods of darkness, and inhibited by exposure to light.

Contrary to popular belief that Rohypnol and GHB are involved in most "date-rape" sexual assaults, most cases actually involve a victim who has taken high doses of

As they fall asleep, many people experience unusual auditory and visual illusions and bodily sensations known as

Describe the three characteristics of consciousness known as qualitativeness, subjectivity, and unity. In doing so, provide examples of the "hard problem" of understanding consciousness and its relationship to the notion of dualism.

Current estimates suggest that approximately 20.6% of Americans will become dependent upon psychoactive drugs or alcohol at least once in their lifetimes, while an additional 17% will abuse these drugs without becoming dependent upon them.

The most common types of dreams for both young men and young women are those that contain aggression and anxiety.

Evidence for both of the functions of sleep beyond pure rest and restoration of the body and brain come from research that shows

Which of the following statements regarding narcolepsy is FALSE?

According to the "hard problem" of consciousness, even if we grant that consciousness is a property of the brain, we still have no idea how consciousness arises from the brain.

During REM sleep you do not act out your dreams because the motor muscles of the body are inhibited.

Consciousness is described as subjective, meaning that it cannot

Users of this stimulant are forced to repeat dosing themselves continuously if they want the high to last more than about 15 minutes.

Opium is one of the oldest psychoactive substances known to mankind; however, it is not a drug itself, but contains a number of

All of the following statements about the safety of Ecstasy are supported by research, EXCEPT:

If not enough sleep occurs on a given night relative to the amount you normally require, _____________ is built up, and you will feel pressure to "make up" the lost sleep.