Exam 3: Social Cognition: Thinking About the Social World

In a study by Bargh and colleagues (1996),participants were exposed to stereotypes about the elderly through a scrambled sentence task.What was their main finding?

You are trying to convince your friend to go on a trip with you to the beach.You know your friend loves to swim and spend time sunbathing.However,you also know that your friend has a lot of work to do and that her last trip to the beach she was badly sunburned.Based on information about the way the availability heuristic works,what should you say to your friend that would help convince her to go? What should you avoid saying?

Automatically created cognitive frameworks that organize and guide how people think about and understand the world are known as:

Briefly define the availability heuristic.Provide an example.

Use Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson's study on elementary school students to describe how self-fulfilling prophecies can be created.How does selective filtering play a role in the development self-fulfilling prophecies?

You believe that bad things are more likely to happen to other people but good things are more likely to happen to yourself.This is termed ______________.

All of the following are known as a type of heuristic EXCEPT the:

Heuristics are useful mental shortcuts but they also have drawbacks.What could be considered one disadvantage of using the representativeness heuristic?

What can we conclude from research looking at the 'hot hand' in basketball?

The _____________ heuristic refers to the notion that we use a number as a starting point on which to anchor our judgment.

Which of the following heuristics involves the use of stereotypes?

An example of a stereotype is:

Compare and contrast automatic and controlled processing.Include information on where each type of processing is housed in the brain.When are you more likely to engage in controlled processing over automatic processing?

You don't think men are very emotional and you classify your emotional friend John as an exception to this general belief.This serves as an example of the perseverance effect.

Paying more attention to sensory information that fits a given schema while at the same time filtering information that is inconsistent is defined as ____________.

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the relationship between counterfactual thinking and mood?

Which of the following statements about schemas is NOT true?

When you estimate your risk of dying of cancer based on the number of people you know who have been diagnosed,you are using the availability heuristic.

______________ are simple rules that reduce mental effort and allow us to make decisions or judgments quickly.

Which of the following is an example of the availability heuristic?