Exam 1: Introduction: From Beliefs to Scientific Evidence

The first "child study" center created in Iowa to do scientific research was funded after Cora Bussey Hillis argued that ______.

The ancient Roman doctrine of "patria potestas" gave fathers ______.

Early landmark studies into parenting used all of the following methods EXCEPT ______.

A loving mother in the 17th century frequently immersed her infant son in cold water baths. She also dressed him in light clothes and thin shoes in the winter. Her actions were meant to ______ through the process Locke called "hardening."

The Smith family subscribe to the idea of interdependence among all of its members. They rely on each other to achieve various household chores and for emotional support. The Smith family can be said to have a philosophy in line with that of Confucianism.

Nathaniel, a father of two, always takes a deep breath and considers his options when his children act out. He believes that ______ is a misguided parenting practice because it occurred well after the misbehavior, so it was not contingent.

Viewing infants as a "blank slate" suggests that ______.

The earliest evidence of laws concerning parent-child relationships in ancient Mesopotamia revealed a "patriarchal" orientation toward offspring. This included the idea that children ______.

Susannah Wesley's rules for child-rearing, from 1732, addressed which of the following topics?

A mother inspired by premodern physicians administers a treatment by giving their infant a warm bath and diluted wine. This antiquated pediatric treatment was thought to ______.

Jeanell searched the Internet for information on how she could help a 5-year-old learn to read. Although the Internet may provide her with access to sound scientific articles on the subject, she should be wary of ______.

In China, Confucius founded the idea of maintaining family izzat, or pride, as an important value and determinant of behavior in families.

If parents agree with John B. Watson's beliefs about parenting and child development, they will likely ______.

John Wesley, the founder of the Methodist Church, advocated frequent use of physical punishment. Today, the church he founded ______.

According to the historian Lloyd deMause (1975), the further back in history we look, the more likely we are to find ______.

The earliest working psychology laboratory in the United States was established by ______.

Luther Emmett Holt, the first prominent American pediatrician, advocated ______, but told mothers to avoid soothing their crying babies because it caused "nervousness."

List and describe problems regarding two different sources of information about children and child-rearing in today's modern world.

Informal and unscientific beliefs about what children are like and parental influence on development are referred to as ______ theories.

The most widely read and influential child care manual ever written was authored by ______.