Exam 18: Behavioral Factors: Access to Clean Water, Health Risks, and Infectious Diseases

Which of the following is a philosophical tradition asserting that knowledge is based on natural phenomena and their properties and relations as verified by the empirical science?

Which of the following, a term common in marketing parlance, refers to the separation of a target population into meaningful subgroups so that messages and campaigns can be appropriately channeled?

Rather than talking up the ill-health effects of smoking, which of the following was designed to appeal to the need for independence among teens and strove to reach teens by letting them know that the tobacco industry was out to manipulate them through its marketing and manufacturing practices?

The data collected during which process primarily involves tracking records, which are useful in assessing "how much" of the program led to the result?

Which of the following strategies could be used to increase general minority community capacity as well as increase empowerment?

If you want a health behavior or several related health behaviors to appeal to a population group, which of the following can serve as a shortcut that links the behavior to an appealing idea or image?

Which of the following types of interventions are those that target families, groups, or individuals with multiple risk factors for a health problem?

If the receiver of a message is known to have a different communicative or cultural background from the sender, the sender will need to encode the message in a way that the receiver will interpret it as intended. This process is referred to as which of the following?

Which tradition argues that because it is individuals who do the perceiving, and individual perception is necessarily influenced by both biology and one's own life experiences, culture, and history, that perception is never objective, but subjective-therefore, what we know of reality can never extend beyond our experience of it?

The locus of explanation for natural phenomena shifted from the divine to the secular-to what was viewed as the primacy of reason and worldly evidence-during which period?

It is helpful to consider the overall community context or environmental design for school-based interventions.

Long-term impact is something you can measure if you can follow people who participated in your program over an extended period, typically referred to as which of the following?

The positive outcomes a person believes will result from the action is referred to by which component of the Health Belief Model?

Failure to share food when it is socially expected or offering inappropriate food is identified with negative values or is used to express dissatisfaction with social relationships.

Quantitative data refer to the kind of data typically obtained from a survey where there are specific answer choices and you select one, or the kind of data you can get from official records, such as demographic or epidemiological data.

To address norms, attitudes, and beliefs shared among a group or population, which health communication strategy will focus on the process of disseminating information to individuals and maximizing the likelihood that individuals within the target population will adopt healthy behaviors?

The term "violence" refers to a broad category of behavior that is itself a "health" problem, so it is the behavior that is the ultimate target.

Which of the following was a disease of "first world" countries, prevalent in the United States at one time, until it was controlled as a by-product of agricultural development, with better housing, land drainage, mosquito repellants, nets, and so on?

Universal prevention interventions are those that may combine multiple types of activities and treatments to address multiple factors that occur together, such as poverty, high diabetes risk, and poor diet.

Which disease gained prominence, in large part, because of its role as an opportunistic infection in those with HIV/AIDS and the increasing incidence in developed countries because of increasing immigration from developing countries?