Question 1

What is the cryosphere?

Accepted Answer

It is the frozen par

Question 2

The "year without a summer" occurred in 1816 and was associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  an abrupt increase in greenhouse gases. 
B)  an increase in solar output. 
C)  a decrease in solar output. 
D)  a large volcanic eruption. 
E)  a change in ocean circulation. 
A)  an abrupt increase in greenhouse gases. 
B)  an increase in solar output. 
C)  a decrease in solar output. 
D)  a large volcanic eruption. 
E)  a change in ocean circulation.

Question 3

Which of the following processes is major part of the greenhouse effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  ozone trapping incoming ultraviolet radiation from the Sun 
B)  carbon dioxide trapping incoming ultraviolet radiation from the Sun 
C)  water vapour trapping incoming ultraviolet radiation from the Sun 
D)  ozone trapping outgoing infrared radiation from the Earth 
E)  water vapour trapping outgoing infrared radiation from the Earth 
A)  ozone trapping incoming ultraviolet radiation from the Sun 
B)  carbon dioxide trapping incoming ultraviolet radiation from the Sun 
C)  water vapour trapping incoming ultraviolet radiation from the Sun 
D)  ozone trapping outgoing infrared radiation from the Earth 
E)  water vapour trapping outgoing infrared radiation from the Earth

Question 4

Climate changes that occur on time scales of decades to centuries can be explained by the shifting positions of the continents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Increased global temperatures are linked to melting Arctic sea ice.By what process can melting Arctic sea ice increase global temperatures further,creating a positive feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

A)  Melting sea ice adds freshwater to the Arctic, which is warmer than salt water. 
B)  Sea ice reflects solar energy, more of which will be absorbed if sea ice cover decreases. 
C)  Melting sea ice raises sea level, covering more of the land surface with absorbent water. 
D)  Melting sea ice adds water vapour to the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect. 
E)  Thinner sea ice does not insulate the seawater from the atmosphere as well as thicker sea ice. 
A)  Melting sea ice adds freshwater to the Arctic, which is warmer than salt water. 
B)  Sea ice reflects solar energy, more of which will be absorbed if sea ice cover decreases. 
C)  Melting sea ice raises sea level, covering more of the land surface with absorbent water. 
D)  Melting sea ice adds water vapour to the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect. 
E)  Thinner sea ice does not insulate the seawater from the atmosphere as well as thicker sea ice.

Question 6

What is the difference between a permanent and variable gas?

Accepted Answer

The concentrations of permanen

Question 7

An example of a natural hazard that cannot be closely linked to climate change is

Accepted Answer

A)  hurricanes. 
B)  tornadoes. 
C)  blizzards. 
D)  earthquakes. 
E)  wildfires. 
A)  hurricanes. 
B)  tornadoes. 
C)  blizzards. 
D)  earthquakes. 
E)  wildfires.

Question 8

Thawing of permafrost may lead to an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Trees can be sensitive indicators of past climate change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

El Ni n- o is an oceanic and atmospheric phenomenon characterised by high sea surface temperatures in the southern Atlantic Ocean.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If the ocean conveyor belt were to shut down northern Europe and eastern Canada would become much less habitable.Why?

Accepted Answer

The ocean conveyor belt caries

Question 12

The most common gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What are some health effects of a reduction in atmospheric ozone?

Accepted Answer

Reduced ozone may in

Question 14

The advance and retreat of continental ice sheets may be partially explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  volcanic forcing. 
B)  ocean circulation change. 
C)  Milankovitch cycles. 
D)  solar forcing. 
E)  changes in atmospheric aerosols. 
A)  volcanic forcing. 
B)  ocean circulation change. 
C)  Milankovitch cycles. 
D)  solar forcing. 
E)  changes in atmospheric aerosols.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a way in which hazards are related to climate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flooding is related to amount and timing of rainfall. 
B)  Volcanic eruptions are related to warmer climates. 
C)  Wildfires are linked to drier climates. 
D)  Landslides are linked to wet climates. 
E)  Land subsidence is linked to climates with permafrost. 
A)  Flooding is related to amount and timing of rainfall. 
B)  Volcanic eruptions are related to warmer climates. 
C)  Wildfires are linked to drier climates. 
D)  Landslides are linked to wet climates. 
E)  Land subsidence is linked to climates with permafrost.

Question 16

Which is the most studied of the greenhouse gases? Explain why.

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide is th

Question 17

Desertification refers to human-induced degradation of productive land,leading to more desert-like conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Computer models show that the present warming on Earth cannot be accounted for fully by natural variations in solar output and volcanoes,but must include human activities as well.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

For records prior to the 1950s,where do scientists obtain evidence showing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A)  from air samples collected from the top of Mauna Loa in Hawaii 
B)  from air bubbles trapped in ice in Greenland and Antarctica 
C)  from written historical records of human fossil fuel burning 
D)  from the chemistry of deep sea sediments 
E)  from gases dissolved in the ocean 
A)  from air samples collected from the top of Mauna Loa in Hawaii 
B)  from air bubbles trapped in ice in Greenland and Antarctica 
C)  from written historical records of human fossil fuel burning 
D)  from the chemistry of deep sea sediments 
E)  from gases dissolved in the ocean

Question 20

Near the equator,the atmospheric pressure is typically low due to warm,moist air rising.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What is the cryosphere?

The "year without a summer" occurred in 1816 and was associated with

Which of the following processes is major part of the greenhouse effect?

Climate changes that occur on time scales of decades to centuries can be explained by the shifting positions of the continents.

Increased global temperatures are linked to melting Arctic sea ice.By what process can melting Arctic sea ice increase global temperatures further,creating a positive feedback loop?

What is the difference between a permanent and variable gas?

An example of a natural hazard that cannot be closely linked to climate change is

Thawing of permafrost may lead to an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

Trees can be sensitive indicators of past climate change.

El Ni ^n- o is an oceanic and atmospheric phenomenon characterised by high sea surface temperatures in the southern Atlantic Ocean.

If the ocean conveyor belt were to shut down northern Europe and eastern Canada would become much less habitable.Why?

The most common gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen.

What are some health effects of a reduction in atmospheric ozone?

The advance and retreat of continental ice sheets may be partially explained by

Which of the following is NOT a way in which hazards are related to climate?

Which is the most studied of the greenhouse gases? Explain why.

Desertification refers to human-induced degradation of productive land,leading to more desert-like conditions.

Computer models show that the present warming on Earth cannot be accounted for fully by natural variations in solar output and volcanoes,but must include human activities as well.

For records prior to the 1950s,where do scientists obtain evidence showing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide?

Near the equator,the atmospheric pressure is typically low due to warm,moist air rising.

Introduction to Natural Hazards

Internal Structure of Earth and Plate Tectonics

Earthquakes

Tsunamis

Volcanoes and Volcanic Eruptions

Landslides

Snow Avalanches

Subsidence and Soil Expansion and Contraction

River Flooding

Atmosphere and Severe Weather

Hurricanes and Extratropical Cyclones

Waves, Currents, and Coastlines

Wildfires

Meteorite Impacts and Extinctions

Filters

Exam 14: Climate Change

What is the cryosphere?

The "year without a summer" occurred in 1816 and was associated with

Which of the following processes is major part of the greenhouse effect?

Climate changes that occur on time scales of decades to centuries can be explained by the shifting positions of the continents.

Increased global temperatures are linked to melting Arctic sea ice.By what process can melting Arctic sea ice increase global temperatures further,creating a positive feedback loop?

What is the difference between a permanent and variable gas?

An example of a natural hazard that cannot be closely linked to climate change is

Thawing of permafrost may lead to an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

Trees can be sensitive indicators of past climate change.

El Ni n- o is an oceanic and atmospheric phenomenon characterised by high sea surface temperatures in the southern Atlantic Ocean.

If the ocean conveyor belt were to shut down northern Europe and eastern Canada would become much less habitable.Why?

The most common gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen.

What are some health effects of a reduction in atmospheric ozone?

The advance and retreat of continental ice sheets may be partially explained by

Which of the following is NOT a way in which hazards are related to climate?

Which is the most studied of the greenhouse gases? Explain why.

Desertification refers to human-induced degradation of productive land,leading to more desert-like conditions.

Computer models show that the present warming on Earth cannot be accounted for fully by natural variations in solar output and volcanoes,but must include human activities as well.

For records prior to the 1950s,where do scientists obtain evidence showing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide?

Near the equator,the atmospheric pressure is typically low due to warm,moist air rising.

Introduction to Natural Hazards

Internal Structure of Earth and Plate Tectonics

Earthquakes

Tsunamis

Volcanoes and Volcanic Eruptions

Landslides

Snow Avalanches

Subsidence and Soil Expansion and Contraction

River Flooding

Atmosphere and Severe Weather

Hurricanes and Extratropical Cyclones

Waves, Currents, and Coastlines

Wildfires

Meteorite Impacts and Extinctions

Filters

El Ni ^n- o is an oceanic and atmospheric phenomenon characterised by high sea surface temperatures in the southern Atlantic Ocean.