Exam 8: Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design

One characteristic of a between-subjects design is that the data consist of exactly one score for each participant.

Explain what differential attrition is and how it negatively affects an experiment.

In an experiment examining the effects of background noise on people's ability to understand a verbal message, one group of participants is given a comprehension quiz after listening to a passage being read to them with no background noise. A week later, the same group of participants is given a comprehension quiz after listening to a passage being read to them with 60 decibels of conversation as background noise. This is an example of a ____ design.

Diffusion is a threat to the _____ of a study.

A between-subjects design differs from a within-subjects design in that in a between-subjects design, ____.

If a between-subjects study explores the effect of caffeine on appetite by comparing the appetites of teenagers with no caffeine in their systems with middle-aged adults with 100 mg of caffeine in their system, the study is ________.

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of holding a participant characteristic constant in a between-subjects experiment.

In an experiment examining the effects of background noise on people's ability to understand a verbal message, one group of participants is given a comprehension quiz after listening to a passage being read to them with no background noise. For comparison, a second group of participants is given a comprehension quiz after listening to a passage being read to them with 60 decibels of conversation as background noise. This is an example of a ____ design.

In a between-subjects design, ____.

In a between-subjects experiment, when the process of assigning participants to the treatment conditions produces groups with different characteristics, the ____ of the study is threatened.

Holding a variable constant prevents a participant characteristic from confounding a study by ____.

An advantage of a between-subject design is that ____.

Which statement best characterizes a between-subjects experimental design?

Validity is threatened in a between-subjects design when participants in one group have an opportunity to talk with participants in the other.

In a between-subjects design, to compare proportions between groups, an independent-measures t -test is appropriate.

Resentful demoralization occurs when _____.

One advantage of holding a variable constant is that it can reduce variance within a group.

One advantage of a between-subjects design is that each score is completely independent of the other scores in the data.

For a between-subjects experiment, any factor that increases the variance within treatments also increases the likelihood of finding a significant difference between treatments.

A design that compares different groups of scores obtained from separate groups of participants is a ____ design.