Exam 7: The Vitamins: a Functional Approachspotlight: Nutrition and Cancer Prevention

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Vignette Donna is a 22-year-old college student on the tennis team. She prides herself on staying in shape but often eats empty-calorie meals when she is in a rush. She knows that some family members have had different kinds of cancer and is curious to find out what steps, if any, she can reduce her risks. She visits a reputable site on the Internet and gleans several useful suggestions that she plans on implementing. Let's see if you agree with her new found information. Donna can lower her risk of skin cancer by consuming foods high in beta-carotene such as _____.

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C

Phytochemicals in food are superior to the phytochemicals found in supplements.

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True

What individuals may be at higher risk for a vitamin D deficiency and why? List two food sources of vitamin D.

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Vitamin D is not prevalent in our diet, but the body can make the vitamin with as the result of sun exposure. Individuals who are not able to get 5 to 15 minutes of sun exposure several times a week may be at higher risk for a deficiency. These may include individuals who live in central to northern states in the winter, housebound or institutionalized individuals, and dark-skinned individuals.
Student answers may vary but can include fortified milk, eggs, fortified cereal, salmon, tuna canned in oil, and sardines.

The body can store as much as a _____ supply of vitamin A in the body.

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Lycopene, found in ____, may help reduce the risk of ____.

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Low vitamin K blood levels are associated with a higher risk of hip fractures in older women.

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Which food is a good source of the vitamin A precursor, beta-carotene?

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Research has proven that the common cold can be prevented by increasing intake of Vitamin C.

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Strict vegetarians are at risk of developing a vitamin B12 deficiency because ____.

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The inability of the stomach to produce enough acid can lead to a _____ deficiency.

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Vignette Donna is a 22-year-old college student on the tennis team. She prides herself on staying in shape but often eats empty-calorie meals when she is in a rush. She knows that some family members have had different kinds of cancer and is curious to find out what steps, if any, she can reduce her risks. She visits a reputable site on the Internet and gleans several useful suggestions that she plans on implementing. Let's see if you agree with her new found information. At her sister's summer barbeque, Donna looks over the meats on the table to decide which meat to choose. In lieu of her concerns about cancer risk, what meat would be her best choice?

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The Vitamins C, D, and K are all actively involved in bone health and maintenance.

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Vitamin A is water soluble and found in the non-fat part of the milk.

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Riboflavin is destroyed by ____.

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Which herb is mismatched with its purported use?

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Because excesses are stored in the liver and fatty tissues, it is possible for megadoses of fat-soluble vitamins to build up to toxic levels

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Briefly describe which groups of people may be susceptible to vitamin K deficiency as well as those who need to monitor vitamin K in their diets to avoid fluctuations in vitamin K levels.

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List eight particular groups of people who, under the guidance of a physician or dietitian, should take a multivitamin-mineral supplement.

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High blood levels of homocysteine ____.

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List the antioxidant nutrients and briefly describe the general functions of these nutrients in the body. Provide two food sources for each antioxidant.

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