Exam 5: The Search for the Truth

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We believe that we know universal statements such as "Every action has an equal and opposite reaction."   Why do rationalists think that such statements imply we have innate ideas?

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The problem is, how do we get from what we know through individual perceptions such as "If I push this domino over, the next one falls too," to universal statements, such as "Every action has an equal and opposite reaction"? The rationalists insist that it is only by way of some innate ideas or rational intuitions that this is possible-and that the most necessary truths about the world (the statements of mathematics)could not possibly be based on experience but must be based on innate ideas.

If the ontological argument (Chapter 3)is successful, then the statement "God exists" is contingently true.

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False

Descartes and Spinoza are rationalists.

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True

That "The world exists" and that "Everything that happens has a cause" are examples of

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Leibniz agrees with Locke that the senses are a sufficient source for all knowledge ,

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Epistemology means the theory of knowledge.

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Briefly explain Quine's concept of the "inscrutability of reference."

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What two impressive claims can be made in support of science's current status as the "royal road" to truth?

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The principle of universal causality states that "Every action has an equal and opposite reaction."

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David Hume concluded his philosophical investigations into the nature of knowledge only after proving the most basic principles of our everyday knowledge.

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If two people disagree about whether the statement "Life is meaningful" is true, their disagreement is factual, or empirical, in nature.

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Philosophers and scientists agree that if a statement is true, then it corresponds to the facts.

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According to Quine, if Bill points to a rabbit, Bill's gesture has an "inscrutable" reference. This means that

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Some philosophers of science, on the basis of such considerations, have argued that there are no facts as such because

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If Descartes had accepted the coherence theory of truth, he would have had to have give up his quest for certain knowledge.

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What is skepticism? What sorts of things are skeptics skeptical about?   How does skepticism emerge from the philosophies of Descartes and Hume?   What is "the two-world assumption," and how is skepticism linked to this hypothesis? How does Kant attempt to overcome skepticism? Is he successful?

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Descartes concluded that the world must exist

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The idea that truth is what fits into the overall network of our experience and beliefs is

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Assuming that knowledge is "justified true belief," then, if you know something,

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What justifies my belief  that "the cat is on the mat" is ​

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