Question 1

The most important idea in Copernicus' De Revolutionibus was placing the _______________ at the center of the Universe.

Accepted Answer

Sun

Question 2

A(n) _______________is something that is held to be obviously true and needs no further examination.

Accepted Answer

first principle

Question 3

What was Tycho Brahe's contribution to astronomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  He proved that Earth rotates on its own axis and revolves around the Sun. 
B)  He designed the three laws of planetary motion. 
C)  He discovered satellites around Jupiter, which proved Earth could move and keep its satellite. 
D)  He described why each of the planets moved in uniform circular motion. 
E)  He compiled detailed observations of the positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets over a period of 20 years. 
A)  He proved that Earth rotates on its own axis and revolves around the Sun. 
B)  He designed the three laws of planetary motion. 
C)  He discovered satellites around Jupiter, which proved Earth could move and keep its satellite. 
D)  He described why each of the planets moved in uniform circular motion. 
E)  He compiled detailed observations of the positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets over a period of 20 years. E

Question 4

What did the Greek philosopher Philolaus believe about the Universe?

Accepted Answer

A)  No parallax seen of new stars means Earth is the center of the Universe. 
B)  Perfect heavens must be made of up spheres rotating at constant rates. 
C)  The most perfect geometrical form was the sphere. 
D)  The heavens are perfect and Earth is imperfect. 
E)  Earth moved around a central fire. 
A)  No parallax seen of new stars means Earth is the center of the Universe. 
B)  Perfect heavens must be made of up spheres rotating at constant rates. 
C)  The most perfect geometrical form was the sphere. 
D)  The heavens are perfect and Earth is imperfect. 
E)  Earth moved around a central fire.

Question 5

Kepler's laws of planetary motion were _____ because he could not provide an explanation for his conclusions.

Accepted Answer

A)  unnatural 
B)  empirical 
C)  hypothetical 
D)  principles 
E)  assumptions 
A)  unnatural 
B)  empirical 
C)  hypothetical 
D)  principles 
E)  assumptions

Question 6

Figure 4-2
What field of science focuses most on the connections between ancient celestial observations and such structures as the one seen in the accompanying figure (Figure 4-2) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  theology 
B)  astrology 
C)  archeology 
D)  archeoastronomy 
E)  archeophilosophy 
A)  theology 
B)  astrology 
C)  archeology 
D)  archeoastronomy 
E)  archeophilosophy

Question 7

Ptolemy tried to describe the motion of the planets by devising a small circle, called a(n) ____, which rotated around the edge of a larger circle.

Accepted Answer

A)  epicycle 
B)  foci 
C)  deferent 
D)  equant 
E)  sphere 
A)  epicycle 
B)  foci 
C)  deferent 
D)  equant 
E)  sphere

Question 8

What are the two primary components of the Ptolemaic Universe model?

Accepted Answer

The Ptolemaic model

Question 9

What are Kepler's three laws of planetary motion?

Accepted Answer

I. The orbits of the planets are ellipse

Question 10

Pythagoras proposed that all nature was underlain by musical principles, by which he meant _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pythagoras proposed that all nature was underlain...

Question 11

Galileo's discovery of Saturn's moons proved that Earth, too, could move and still keep its satellite.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Kepler's first law of planetary motion states "The orbits of the planets are _____ with the Sun at one focus."

Accepted Answer

A)  spheres 
B)  ellipses 
C)  circular 
D)  rigid 
E)  random 
A)  spheres 
B)  ellipses 
C)  circular 
D)  rigid 
E)  random

Question 13

Explain why it is a common misconception that Galileo faced the Inquisition for his belief in a heliocentric Universe.

Accepted Answer

It is assumed that Galileo faced the Inq

Question 14

Claudius Ptolemy was a contemporary of Aristotle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Spheres are an essential part of Kepler's three fundamental rules of planetary motion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _______________ when close to the Sun and _______________ when farther away.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that...

Question 17

What was the most controversial issue surrounding the nature of the Universe during the Renaissance?

Accepted Answer

A)  The movement of visible galaxies 
B)  The origins of the Universe 
C)  The number of planets in the Solar System 
D)  The position of Earth in the Universe 
E)  The existence of life on planets other than Earth 
A)  The movement of visible galaxies 
B)  The origins of the Universe 
C)  The number of planets in the Solar System 
D)  The position of Earth in the Universe 
E)  The existence of life on planets other than Earth

Question 18

According to Kepler's third law, calculate the orbital period of a planet approximately 6.0 AU away from the Sun.

Accepted Answer

A)  ∼ 6 years 
B)  ∼ 15 years 
C)  ∼ 30 years 
D)  ∼ 36 years 
E)  ∼ 214 years 
A)  ∼ 6 years 
B)  ∼ 15 years 
C)  ∼ 30 years 
D)  ∼ 36 years 
E)  ∼ 214 years

Question 19

Figure 4-1
The accompanying illustration (Figure 4-1) demonstrates Copernicus's theory of _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  uniform circular motion 
B)  retrograde motion 
C)  parallax 
D)  eccentricity 
E)  heliocentric Universe 
A)  uniform circular motion 
B)  retrograde motion 
C)  parallax 
D)  eccentricity 
E)  heliocentric Universe

Question 20

What was Eratosthenes's mathematical contribution to the history of astronomy, even though it was incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  He calculated the diameter of Earth by what he learned from travelers' itineraries. 
B)  He estimated Earth's revolution rate by measuring the length of shadows casted on the surface. 
C)  He determined that all the planets orbited Earth every 24 hrs. 
D)  He attempted to calculate Earth's radius by utilizing the position of sunlight. 
E)  He believed all of nature was underlain by musical principles. 
A)  He calculated the diameter of Earth by what he learned from travelers' itineraries. 
B)  He estimated Earth's revolution rate by measuring the length of shadows casted on the surface. 
C)  He determined that all the planets orbited Earth every 24 hrs. 
D)  He attempted to calculate Earth's radius by utilizing the position of sunlight. 
E)  He believed all of nature was underlain by musical principles.

The most important idea in Copernicus' De Revolutionibus was placing the _______________ at the center of the Universe.

A(n) _______________is something that is held to be obviously true and needs no further examination.

What was Tycho Brahe's contribution to astronomy?

What did the Greek philosopher Philolaus believe about the Universe?

Kepler's laws of planetary motion were _____ because he could not provide an explanation for his conclusions.

Figure 4-2 What field of science focuses most on the connections between ancient celestial observations and such structures as the one seen in the accompanying figure (Figure 4-2) ?

Ptolemy tried to describe the motion of the planets by devising a small circle, called a(n) ____, which rotated around the edge of a larger circle.

What are the two primary components of the Ptolemaic Universe model?

What are Kepler's three laws of planetary motion?

Pythagoras proposed that all nature was underlain by musical principles, by which he meant _______________.

Galileo's discovery of Saturn's moons proved that Earth, too, could move and still keep its satellite.

Kepler's first law of planetary motion states "The orbits of the planets are _____ with the Sun at one focus."

Explain why it is a common misconception that Galileo faced the Inquisition for his belief in a heliocentric Universe.

Claudius Ptolemy was a contemporary of Aristotle.

Spheres are an essential part of Kepler's three fundamental rules of planetary motion.

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _ when close to the Sun and _ when farther away.

What was the most controversial issue surrounding the nature of the Universe during the Renaissance?

According to Kepler's third law, calculate the orbital period of a planet approximately 6.0 AU away from the Sun.

Figure 4-1 The accompanying illustration (Figure 4-1) demonstrates Copernicus's theory of _______________.

What was Eratosthenes's mathematical contribution to the history of astronomy, even though it was incorrect?

Here and Now

A User S Guide to the Sky

Moon Phases and Eclipses

Gravity

Light and Telescopes

Atoms and Spectra

The Sun

Origin of the Solar System and Extrasolar Planets

Earth the Active Planet

The Moon and Mercury: Comparing Airless Worlds

Venus and Mars

Jupiter and Saturn

Uranus Neptune Pluto and the Kuiper Belt

Meteorites Asteroids and Comets

Astrobiology: Life on Other Worlds

Filters

Exam 4: Origins of Modern Astronomy

The most important idea in Copernicus' De Revolutionibus was placing the _______________ at the center of the Universe.

A(n) _______________is something that is held to be obviously true and needs no further examination.

What was Tycho Brahe's contribution to astronomy?

What did the Greek philosopher Philolaus believe about the Universe?

Kepler's laws of planetary motion were _____ because he could not provide an explanation for his conclusions.

Figure 4-2 What field of science focuses most on the connections between ancient celestial observations and such structures as the one seen in the accompanying figure (Figure 4-2) ?

Ptolemy tried to describe the motion of the planets by devising a small circle, called a(n) ____, which rotated around the edge of a larger circle.

What are the two primary components of the Ptolemaic Universe model?

What are Kepler's three laws of planetary motion?

Pythagoras proposed that all nature was underlain by musical principles, by which he meant _______________.

Galileo's discovery of Saturn's moons proved that Earth, too, could move and still keep its satellite.

Kepler's first law of planetary motion states "The orbits of the planets are _____ with the Sun at one focus."

Explain why it is a common misconception that Galileo faced the Inquisition for his belief in a heliocentric Universe.

Claudius Ptolemy was a contemporary of Aristotle.

Spheres are an essential part of Kepler's three fundamental rules of planetary motion.

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _______________ when close to the Sun and _______________ when farther away.

What was the most controversial issue surrounding the nature of the Universe during the Renaissance?

According to Kepler's third law, calculate the orbital period of a planet approximately 6.0 AU away from the Sun.

Figure 4-1 The accompanying illustration (Figure 4-1) demonstrates Copernicus's theory of _______________.

What was Eratosthenes's mathematical contribution to the history of astronomy, even though it was incorrect?

Here and Now

A User S Guide to the Sky

Moon Phases and Eclipses

Gravity

Light and Telescopes

Atoms and Spectra

The Sun

Origin of the Solar System and Extrasolar Planets

Earth the Active Planet

The Moon and Mercury: Comparing Airless Worlds

Venus and Mars

Jupiter and Saturn

Uranus Neptune Pluto and the Kuiper Belt

Meteorites Asteroids and Comets

Astrobiology: Life on Other Worlds

Filters

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _ when close to the Sun and _ when farther away.