Question 1

How do debris disks and planet-forming disks differ?

Accepted Answer

A) Debris disks have higher density than planet-forming disks. 
B) Debris disks contain larger amounts of gas than planet-forming disks. 
C) Debris disks are found around older stars than those with planet-forming disks. 
D) Only debris disks are expected to be affected by the gravity of planets within them. 
A) Debris disks have higher density than planet-forming disks. 
B) Debris disks contain larger amounts of gas than planet-forming disks. 
C) Debris disks are found around older stars than those with planet-forming disks. 
D) Only debris disks are expected to be affected by the gravity of planets within them.

Question 2

-The diagram shows the radioactive decay of cesium (¹³⁵Cs).What is the half-life of ¹³⁵Cs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
-The diagram shows the radioactive decay...

Question 3

How does the solar nebula theory account for the presence of comets?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the solar nebula theory account...

Question 4

What is the term for the separation of material in a newly formed planet or asteroid according to density?

Accepted Answer

A) precipitation 
B) differentiation 
C) condensation 
D) sublimation 
A) precipitation 
B) differentiation 
C) condensation 
D) sublimation

Question 5

Observations in the infrared have detected dusty nebulae around T Tauri stars.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is outgassing?

Accepted Answer

A) the adding of material to an object an atom or molecule at a time 
B) the adding of material to an object by collection of solid particles 
C) the release of gas from rocks as they are heated 
D) the removal of hydrogen via nuclear fusion 
A) the adding of material to an object an atom or molecule at a time 
B) the adding of material to an object by collection of solid particles 
C) the release of gas from rocks as they are heated 
D) the removal of hydrogen via nuclear fusion

Question 7

What observation made of other stars seems to suggest that the solar nebula hypothesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Stars are found to exist more often in binaries than by themselves. 
B) Protostars are seen to radiate much of their light at infrared wavelengths. 
C) Nearby stars tend to be low mass red dwarfs. 
D) Young stars are found to have hot disks that surround them. 
A) Stars are found to exist more often in binaries than by themselves. 
B) Protostars are seen to radiate much of their light at infrared wavelengths. 
C) Nearby stars tend to be low mass red dwarfs. 
D) Young stars are found to have hot disks that surround them.

Question 8

What observational evidence do we have that nebulae from which planets could form surround other stars?

Accepted Answer

Observational evidence for the existence

Question 9

What could have caused the proto-Jovian planets to grow very hot?

Accepted Answer

A) heat from the Sun 
B) radioactivity of light elements, such as hydrogen and helium 
C) the in-falling of material at high velocity 
D) collisions with large planetesimals 
A) heat from the Sun 
B) radioactivity of light elements, such as hydrogen and helium 
C) the in-falling of material at high velocity 
D) collisions with large planetesimals

Question 10

Which of the following is a solar system object that enters the Earth's atmosphere,becomes very hot due to friction between the object and the Earth's atmosphere,and does not survive to reach the surface?

Accepted Answer

A) asteroid 
B) meteor 
C) comet 
D) meteoroid 
A) asteroid 
B) meteor 
C) comet 
D) meteoroid

Question 11

The pressure of sunlight was one of the forces that cleared the solar nebula.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What kind of objects are located beyond the asteroid belt (3 AU from the Sun),and have extremely large masses with very low densities?

Accepted Answer

A) comets 
B) asteroids 
C) terrestrial planets 
D) Jovian planets 
A) comets 
B) asteroids 
C) terrestrial planets 
D) Jovian planets

Question 13

How did differentiation and outgassing alter protoplanets?

Accepted Answer

Differentiation and outgassing are two f

Question 14

How is the presence of space debris accounted for by solar system models?

Accepted Answer

A) Space debris is left over material from the early solar system that never formed into a planet. 
B) Space debris was formed when another solar system passed through ours. 
C) Space debris is material that existed in our region of space before the Sun formed. 
D) Space debris was formed when a planet crashed into the Sun. 
A) Space debris is left over material from the early solar system that never formed into a planet. 
B) Space debris was formed when another solar system passed through ours. 
C) Space debris is material that existed in our region of space before the Sun formed. 
D) Space debris was formed when a planet crashed into the Sun.

Question 15

How are radioactive materials used to determine the age of an object?

Accepted Answer

A) Both the amounts of radioactive and decay material are measured. Using these with the radioactive material's half-life, the age can be estimated. 
B) The amount of radioactive material is measured. Using this with the radioactive material's half-life, the age can be estimated. 
C) The amount of decay material is measured. Using this with the radioactive material's half-life, the age can be estimated. 
D) The amount of heat generated by radioactive dating is measured to determine age. 
A) Both the amounts of radioactive and decay material are measured. Using these with the radioactive material's half-life, the age can be estimated. 
B) The amount of radioactive material is measured. Using this with the radioactive material's half-life, the age can be estimated. 
C) The amount of decay material is measured. Using this with the radioactive material's half-life, the age can be estimated. 
D) The amount of heat generated by radioactive dating is measured to determine age.

Question 16

Which are the oldest solar system objects that have been dated radioactively? What are their ages?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which are the oldest solar system objects...

Question 17

The iron in our solar system was created from smaller mass atomic nuclei.Where did those nuclei come from?

Accepted Answer

A) our Sun 
B) Jupiter 
C) the Big Bang 
D) supernovae 
A) our Sun 
B) Jupiter 
C) the Big Bang 
D) supernovae

Question 18

The age of the solar system is believed to be approximately 4.6 billion years.On what data is this estimate based?

Accepted Answer

A) samples of proto-solar nebula 
B) samples of the solar wind 
C) crater counts on Earth 
D) isotope ratios in meteorites 
A) samples of proto-solar nebula 
B) samples of the solar wind 
C) crater counts on Earth 
D) isotope ratios in meteorites

Question 19

What is accretion?

Accepted Answer

A) the adding of material to an object an atom or molecule at a time 
B) the adding of material to an object by collection of solid particles 
C) the release of gas from rocks as they are heated 
D) the removal of material from asteroids by the bombardment of the solar wind 
A) the adding of material to an object an atom or molecule at a time 
B) the adding of material to an object by collection of solid particles 
C) the release of gas from rocks as they are heated 
D) the removal of material from asteroids by the bombardment of the solar wind

Question 20

How did protoplanets develop?

Accepted Answer

A) They grew in size primarily by accretion. 
B) They grew in size primarily by condensation. 
C) They grew in size by collecting the particles in the solar wind. 
D) They grew in size by the collision and coalescing of planetesimals. 
A) They grew in size primarily by accretion. 
B) They grew in size primarily by condensation. 
C) They grew in size by collecting the particles in the solar wind. 
D) They grew in size by the collision and coalescing of planetesimals.

How do debris disks and planet-forming disks differ?

-The diagram shows the radioactive decay of cesium (¹³⁵Cs).What is the half-life of ¹³⁵Cs?

How does the solar nebula theory account for the presence of comets?

What is the term for the separation of material in a newly formed planet or asteroid according to density?

Observations in the infrared have detected dusty nebulae around T Tauri stars.

What is outgassing?

What observation made of other stars seems to suggest that the solar nebula hypothesis is correct?

What observational evidence do we have that nebulae from which planets could form surround other stars?

What could have caused the proto-Jovian planets to grow very hot?

Which of the following is a solar system object that enters the Earth's atmosphere,becomes very hot due to friction between the object and the Earth's atmosphere,and does not survive to reach the surface?

The pressure of sunlight was one of the forces that cleared the solar nebula.

What kind of objects are located beyond the asteroid belt (3 AU from the Sun),and have extremely large masses with very low densities?

How did differentiation and outgassing alter protoplanets?

How is the presence of space debris accounted for by solar system models?

How are radioactive materials used to determine the age of an object?

Which are the oldest solar system objects that have been dated radioactively? What are their ages?

The iron in our solar system was created from smaller mass atomic nuclei.Where did those nuclei come from?

The age of the solar system is believed to be approximately 4.6 billion years.On what data is this estimate based?

What is accretion?

How did protoplanets develop?

The Scale of the Cosmos

User's Guide to the Sky

The Origin of Modern Astronomy

Astronomical Telescopes and Instruments

Sun Light and Sun Atoms

The Family of Stars

The Structure and Formation of Stars

The Deaths of Stars

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies

Cosmology in the 21st Century

Comparative Planetology of the Terrestrial Planets

Comparative Planetology of the Jovian Planets

Life on Other Worlds

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Exam 12: The Origin of the Solar System

How do debris disks and planet-forming disks differ?

-The diagram shows the radioactive decay of cesium (¹³⁵Cs).What is the half-life of ¹³⁵Cs?

How does the solar nebula theory account for the presence of comets?

What is the term for the separation of material in a newly formed planet or asteroid according to density?

Observations in the infrared have detected dusty nebulae around T Tauri stars.

What is outgassing?

What observation made of other stars seems to suggest that the solar nebula hypothesis is correct?

What observational evidence do we have that nebulae from which planets could form surround other stars?

What could have caused the proto-Jovian planets to grow very hot?

Which of the following is a solar system object that enters the Earth's atmosphere,becomes very hot due to friction between the object and the Earth's atmosphere,and does not survive to reach the surface?

The pressure of sunlight was one of the forces that cleared the solar nebula.

What kind of objects are located beyond the asteroid belt (3 AU from the Sun),and have extremely large masses with very low densities?

How did differentiation and outgassing alter protoplanets?

How is the presence of space debris accounted for by solar system models?

How are radioactive materials used to determine the age of an object?

Which are the oldest solar system objects that have been dated radioactively? What are their ages?

The iron in our solar system was created from smaller mass atomic nuclei.Where did those nuclei come from?

The age of the solar system is believed to be approximately 4.6 billion years.On what data is this estimate based?

What is accretion?

How did protoplanets develop?

The Scale of the Cosmos

User's Guide to the Sky

The Origin of Modern Astronomy

Astronomical Telescopes and Instruments

Sun Light and Sun Atoms

The Family of Stars

The Structure and Formation of Stars

The Deaths of Stars

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies

Cosmology in the 21st Century

Comparative Planetology of the Terrestrial Planets

Comparative Planetology of the Jovian Planets

Life on Other Worlds

Filters