Question 1

Which of the following hormones acts to lower the blood glucose level?

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon 
B) insulin 
C) epinephrine 
D) More than one response is correct. 
A) glucagon 
B) insulin 
C) epinephrine 
D) More than one response is correct.

Question 2

Approximately ____ percent of the energy available in glucose catabolism is trapped in the formation of ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) 20 
B) 40 
C) 60 
D) 80 
A) 20 
B) 40 
C) 60 
D) 80

Question 3

Glycogen is stored primarily in the liver and the _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) heart 
B) pancreas 
C) muscles 
D) fat deposits 
A) heart 
B) pancreas 
C) muscles 
D) fat deposits

Question 4

Each turn of the citric acid cycle produces ____ molecules of CO2.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5

Question 5

The process where ADP is converted to ATP while coupled to the electron transport chain is

Accepted Answer

A) citric acid cycle. 
B) alcohol fermentation. 
C) oxidative phosphorylation. 
D) the Cori cycle. 
A) citric acid cycle. 
B) alcohol fermentation. 
C) oxidative phosphorylation. 
D) the Cori cycle.

Question 6

​ Identify the process that involves the decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetaldehyde and reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol.

Accepted Answer

A) Lactate fermentation 
B) Gluconeogenesis 
C) Alcoholic fermentation 
D) Oxidative phosphorylation 
A) Lactate fermentation 
B) Gluconeogenesis 
C) Alcoholic fermentation 
D) Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 7

​ Which of the following health conditions is characterize d by a high blood sugar level?

Accepted Answer

A) Granulomatosis 
B) Hypoglycemia 
C) Hyperglycemia 
D) Glaucoma 
A) Granulomatosis 
B) Hypoglycemia 
C) Hyperglycemia 
D) Glaucoma

Question 8

The pain and cramps which accompany physical exhaustion are associated with the accumulation of excess _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) lactate 
B) pyruvate 
C) acetyl CoA 
D) acetaldehyde 
A) lactate 
B) pyruvate 
C) acetyl CoA 
D) acetaldehyde

Question 9

Blood sugar

Accepted Answer

A) is a term that normally refers to the concentration of glucose and fructose in the blood. 
B) should be in the range of 70-90 mg\mL or the renal threshold is exceeded. 
C) is regulated by the liver which removes glucose from the blood in response to an increase after a meal. 
D) testing can be inferred by the glucosuria test of the perspiration. 
A) is a term that normally refers to the concentration of glucose and fructose in the blood. 
B) should be in the range of 70-90 mg\mL or the renal threshold is exceeded. 
C) is regulated by the liver which removes glucose from the blood in response to an increase after a meal. 
D) testing can be inferred by the glucosuria test of the perspiration.

Question 10

During glycolysis the action of hexokinase is controlled by the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate.  The first steps of glycolysis are shown below. 
   
 This is an example of feedback inhibition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Consider the diagram of the mitochondrion shown below.  During electron transport, protons (H+)are pumped into what area of the mitochondrion?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5

Question 12

Epinephrine is a peptide hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In the electron transport chain, FADH2 delivers hydrogen ions and electrons to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) coenzyme Q 
B) NAD+ 
C) flavoprotein 
D) cytochrome b 
A) coenzyme Q 
B) NAD+ 
C) flavoprotein 
D) cytochrome b

Question 14

Under anaerobic conditions in the body, pyruvate is converted to _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) ethanol 
B) CO2 & H2O 
C) acetyl CoA 
D) lactate 
A) ethanol 
B) CO2 & H2O 
C) acetyl CoA 
D) lactate

Question 15

How many molecules of CO2 are produced per molecule of glucose as a result of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3

Question 16

Consider the figure shown below where four different pathways are labeled 1 - 4.  Which of those pathway is a fermentation process?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4

Question 17

The function of insulin is that it causes the cells to remove glucose from the circulatory system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Under aerobic conditions in the body, pyruvate is converted to _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) lactate 
B) acetyl CoA 
C) ethanol 
D) acetaldehyde 
A) lactate 
B) acetyl CoA 
C) ethanol 
D) acetaldehyde

Question 19

Glycolysis and the TCA are so efficient that over 90% of the chemical energy is stored in the form of ATP for the use of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

​ Explain the role of ATP in glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

When the glycolysis pathway is operating

Exam 23: Carbohydrate Metabolism

Which of the following hormones acts to lower the blood glucose level?

Approximately ____ percent of the energy available in glucose catabolism is trapped in the formation of ATP.

Glycogen is stored primarily in the liver and the _____ .

Each turn of the citric acid cycle produces ____ molecules of CO2.

The process where ADP is converted to ATP while coupled to the electron transport chain is

​ Identify the process that involves the decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetaldehyde and reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol.

​ Which of the following health conditions is characterize d by a high blood sugar level?

The pain and cramps which accompany physical exhaustion are associated with the accumulation of excess _____ .

Blood sugar

During glycolysis the action of hexokinase is controlled by the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate. The first steps of glycolysis are shown below. This is an example of feedback inhibition.

Consider the diagram of the mitochondrion shown below. During electron transport, protons (H+)are pumped into what area of the mitochondrion?

Epinephrine is a peptide hormone.

In the electron transport chain, FADH2 delivers hydrogen ions and electrons to which of the following?

Under anaerobic conditions in the body, pyruvate is converted to _____ .

How many molecules of CO2 are produced per molecule of glucose as a result of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

Consider the figure shown below where four different pathways are labeled 1 - 4. Which of those pathway is a fermentation process?

The function of insulin is that it causes the cells to remove glucose from the circulatory system.

Under aerobic conditions in the body, pyruvate is converted to _____ .

Glycolysis and the TCA are so efficient that over 90% of the chemical energy is stored in the form of ATP for the use of the cell.

​ Explain the role of ATP in glycolysis.

Matter, Measurements, and Calculations

Atoms and Molecules

Electronic Structure and the Periodic Law

Forces Between Particles

Chemical Reactions

The States of Matter

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Equilibrium

Acids, Bases, and Salts

Radioactivity and Nuclear Processes

Organic Compounds: Alkanes

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Esters

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Nutrition and Energy for Life

Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism

Body Fluids

Filters

Each turn of the citric acid cycle produces ____ molecules of CO₂.

Identify the process that involves the decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetaldehyde and reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol.

Which of the following health conditions is characterize d by a high blood sugar level?

Consider the diagram of the mitochondrion shown below. During electron transport, protons (H⁺)are pumped into what area of the mitochondrion?

In the electron transport chain, FADH₂ delivers hydrogen ions and electrons to which of the following?

How many molecules of CO₂ are produced per molecule of glucose as a result of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

Explain the role of ATP in glycolysis.